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Abou-ElWafa HS, Zoromba MA, El-Gilany AH. Cigarette smoking at workplace among resident physicians and nurses in Mansoura University Hospital. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 76:37-44. [PMID: 32469291 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1771249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Smoking at workplace (WP) is common among healthcare workers. A cross-sectional study was conducted upon resident physicians and nurses to determine the prevalence of WP smoking and its associated factors. A questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and occupational data, smoking history, nicotine dependence, and attitude toward smoking and its control in WP. More than one-fifths (22.7%) of residents and nurses were current WP smokers. Significant independent predictors are having shift work, high nicotine dependence, and having positive attitude toward smoking with AOR (95% CI): 29.4 (4.9-177.1), 18.2 (3.3-101.1), and 0.16 (0.02-0.84), respectively. The prevalence of smoking among resident physicians and nurses in Mansoura University Hospital is relatively high. Enforcement of WP smoking-free policies is required together with encouragement of positive attitude toward smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Samir Abou-ElWafa
- Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ali Zoromba
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
- Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Hasan SI, Mohd Hairi F, Amer Nordin AS, Danaee M. Development and Validation of an Evaluation Tool to Measure the Effectiveness of a Smoking Cessation Training among Healthcare Providers in Malaysia: The Providers' Smoking Cessation Training Evaluation (ProSCiTE). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E4297. [PMID: 31694286 PMCID: PMC6862003 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: In line with Article 14 of the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control, we have witnessed vast developments in smoking cessation training for healthcare providers, offering help for smokers. However, there is no specific evaluation tool to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of these programs for future enhancement and sustainability. Objective: To develop and validate a new tool for evaluating smoking cessation training programs for healthcare providers called the Providers' Smoking Cessation Training Evaluation (ProSCiTE). Methods: The 74-item ProSCiTE tool was developed based on a review of the literature and an expert panel review. The tool was validated in a sample of 403 healthcare providers using a cross-sectional study design from July to December 2016. Content validity was assessed by the Scale-Content Validity Index (S-CVI). The construct validity of the ProSCiTE was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to confirm psychometric properties. Internal consistency reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha. Results: The content validity showed that the S-CVI ranged from 0.82 to 1.00 for consistency, representativeness, relevancy, and the clarity of each construct, resulting in 67 items for the questionnaire. The construct validity of the ProSCiTE (based on eigenvalues and factor loadings to confirm the four-factor structure (attitude, self-efficacy, behavior, and barriers) with 54.74% total variance) was acceptable (Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin = 0.923; Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant, p < 0.001). The internal consistency reliability of the four-factor structure was very good, with Cronbach's alpha values at 0.89, 0.94, 0.95, and 0.90, respectively. Conclusions: This study showed that 67 items of the ProSCiTE demonstrated good content and construct validity, as well as a high internal consistency reliability for the measurement of knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, behavior, and barriers to smoking cessation interventions among healthcare providers. Therefore, the ProSCiTE is a valid and reliable research tool with which to evaluate the effectiveness of smoking cessation training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Idayu Hasan
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (S.I.H.); (M.D.)
- Nicotine Addiction Research Group UMCAS, Wisma R & D University of Malaya, Jalan Pantai Baharu, 59200 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
| | - Farizah Mohd Hairi
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (S.I.H.); (M.D.)
- Nicotine Addiction Research Group UMCAS, Wisma R & D University of Malaya, Jalan Pantai Baharu, 59200 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
| | - Amer Siddiq Amer Nordin
- Nicotine Addiction Research Group UMCAS, Wisma R & D University of Malaya, Jalan Pantai Baharu, 59200 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmoud Danaee
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (S.I.H.); (M.D.)
- Nicotine Addiction Research Group UMCAS, Wisma R & D University of Malaya, Jalan Pantai Baharu, 59200 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
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Nilan K, McKeever TM, McNeill A, Raw M, Murray RL. Prevalence of tobacco use in healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220168. [PMID: 31344083 PMCID: PMC6657871 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate tobacco use prevalence in healthcare workers (HCW) by country income level, occupation and sex, and compare the estimates with the prevalence in the general population. METHODS We systematically searched five databases; Medline, EMBASE, CINHAL Plus, CAB Abstracts, and LILACS for original studies published between 2000 and March 2016 without language restriction. All primary studies that reported tobacco use in any category of HCW were included. Study extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by three reviewers, using a standardised data extraction and quality appraisal form. We performed random effect meta-analyses to obtain prevalence estimates by World Bank (WB) country income level, sex, and occupation. Data on prevalence of tobacco use in the general population were obtained from the World Health Organisation (WHO) Global Health Observatory website. The review protocol registration number on PROSPERO is CRD42016041231. RESULTS 229 studies met our inclusion criteria, representing 457,415 HCW and 63 countries: 29 high-income countries (HIC), 21 upper-middle-income countries (UMIC), and 13 lower-middle-and-low-income countries (LMLIC). The overall pooled prevalence of tobacco use in HCW was 21%, 31% in males and 17% in females. Highest estimates were in male doctors in UMIC and LMLIC, 35% and 45%, and female nurses in HIC and UMIC, 21% and 25%. Heterogeneity was high (I2 > 90%). Country level comparison suggest that in HIC male HCW tend to have lower prevalence compared with males in the general population while in females the estimates were similar. Male and female HCW in UMIC and LMLIC tend to have similar or higher prevalence rates relative to their counterparts in the general population. CONCLUSIONS HCW continue to use tobacco at high rates. Tackling HCW tobacco use requires urgent action as they are at the front line for tackling tobacco use in their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapka Nilan
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tricia M. McKeever
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ann McNeill
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Raw
- NYU College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
- NYU Medical School, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Rachael L. Murray
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Lammers D, Zhang Z, Povieriena I, Pipe A. Students working against tobacco: A novel educational program to improve Canadian medical students' tobacco counselling skills. CANADIAN MEDICAL EDUCATION JOURNAL 2018; 9:e72-e78. [PMID: 30018686 PMCID: PMC6044310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical professionals should be appropriately trained in the field of smoking cessation counseling and be familiar with related tobacco-control issues. Sadly, Canadian medical students receive little education regarding smoking cessation. METHODS University of Ottawa medical students created Students Working Against Tobacco (SWAT), a program that provides its members with tobacco education and opportunities to discuss tobacco use, smoking prevention and cessation with elementary-school students. Surveys assessing student knowledge and confidence in addressing tobacco issues were administered to the participating students at the start of the program and following their delivery of a school presentation. RESULTS Students initially lacked knowledge, skills and experience in addressing tobacco issues and discussing smoking prevention and cessation counselling. Following their involvement in the SWAT program, students' smoking cessation counselling knowledge and skills improved, and they expressed confidence in becoming more engaged in this important preventive health issue. CONCLUSION Until smoking cessation is incorporated into undergraduate medical education programs, gaps will remain in the preparation of tomorrow's physicians regarding the provision of effective smoking cessation counselling and their broader understanding of this important health issue. Currently, there are constraints limiting the number of medical undergraduates that SWAT is able to involve and influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna Lammers
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zach Zhang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iuliia Povieriena
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Pipe
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ontario, Canada
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Lammers D, Zhang Z, Povieriena I, Pipe A. Students working against tobacco: A novel educational program to improve Canadian medical students' tobacco counselling skills. CANADIAN MEDICAL EDUCATION JOURNAL 2018; 9:e72-e78. [PMID: 30018686 DOI: 10.36834/cmej.36920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical professionals should be appropriately trained in the field of smoking cessation counseling and be familiar with related tobacco-control issues. Sadly, Canadian medical students receive little education regarding smoking cessation. METHODS University of Ottawa medical students created Students Working Against Tobacco (SWAT), a program that provides its members with tobacco education and opportunities to discuss tobacco use, smoking prevention and cessation with elementary-school students. Surveys assessing student knowledge and confidence in addressing tobacco issues were administered to the participating students at the start of the program and following their delivery of a school presentation. RESULTS Students initially lacked knowledge, skills and experience in addressing tobacco issues and discussing smoking prevention and cessation counselling. Following their involvement in the SWAT program, students' smoking cessation counselling knowledge and skills improved, and they expressed confidence in becoming more engaged in this important preventive health issue. CONCLUSION Until smoking cessation is incorporated into undergraduate medical education programs, gaps will remain in the preparation of tomorrow's physicians regarding the provision of effective smoking cessation counselling and their broader understanding of this important health issue. Currently, there are constraints limiting the number of medical undergraduates that SWAT is able to involve and influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna Lammers
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zach Zhang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iuliia Povieriena
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Pipe
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ontario, Canada
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McIntosh S, Pérez-Ramos J, Demment MM, Vélez Vega C, Avendaño E, Ossip DJ, Dye TD. Development and Implementation of Culturally Tailored Offline Mobile Health Surveys. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2016; 2:e28. [PMID: 27256208 PMCID: PMC4911512 DOI: 10.2196/publichealth.5408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In low and middle income countries (LMICs), and other areas with low resources and unreliable access to the Internet, understanding the emerging best practices for the implementation of new mobile health (mHealth) technologies is needed for efficient and secure data management and for informing public health researchers. Innovations in mHealth technology can improve on previous methods, and dissemination of project development details and lessons learned during implementation are needed to provide lessons learned to stakeholders in both the United States and LMIC settings. Objective The aims of this paper are to share implementation strategies and lessons learned from the development and implementation stages of two survey research projects using offline mobile technology, and to inform and prepare public health researchers and practitioners to implement new mobile technologies in survey research projects in LMICs. Methods In 2015, two survey research projects were developed and piloted in Puerto Rico and pre-tested in Costa Rica to collect face-to-face data, get formative evaluation feedback, and to test the feasibility of an offline mobile data collection process. Fieldwork in each setting involved survey development, back translation with cultural tailoring, ethical review and approvals, data collector training, and piloting survey implementation on mobile tablets. Results Critical processes and workflows for survey research projects in low resource settings were identified and implemented. This included developing a secure mobile data platform tailored to each survey, establishing user accessibility, and training and eliciting feedback from data collectors and on-site LMIC project partners. Conclusions Formative and process evaluation strategies are necessary and useful for the development and implementation of survey research projects using emerging mHealth technologies in LMICs and other low resource settings. Lessons learned include: (1) plan institutional review board (IRB) approvals in multiple countries carefully to allow for development, implementation, and feedback, (2) in addition to testing the content of survey instruments, allow time and consideration for testing the use of novel mHealth technology (hardware and software), (3) incorporate training for and feedback from project staff, LMIC partner staff, and research participants, and (4) change methods accordingly, including content, as mHealth technology usage influences and is influenced by the content and structure of the survey instrument. Lessons learned from early phases of LMIC research projects using emerging mHealth technologies are critical for informing subsequent research methods and study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott McIntosh
- School of Medicine & DentistryDepartment of Public Health SciencesUniversity of RochesterRochester, NYUnited States
| | - José Pérez-Ramos
- School of Medicine & DentistryClinical and Translational Science InstituteUniversity of RochesterRochester, NYUnited States
| | - Margaret M Demment
- School of Medicine & DentistryClinical and Translational Science InstituteUniversity of RochesterRochester, NYUnited States
| | - Carmen Vélez Vega
- Recinto de Ciencias MédicasDepartamento de Ciencias SocialesUniversidad de Puerto RicoSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | | | - Deborah J Ossip
- School of Medicine & DentistryDepartment of Public Health SciencesUniversity of RochesterRochester, NYUnited States
| | - Timothy D Dye
- School of Medicine & DentistryDepartment of Obstetrics & GynecologyUniversity of RochesterRochester, NYUnited States
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Ward KD. Tobacco intervention research in low- and middle-income countries: lessons learned and future directions. J Smok Cessat 2016; 11:61-64. [PMID: 28344670 PMCID: PMC5363703 DOI: 10.1017/jsc.2016.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Treating tobacco dependence is paramount for global tobacco control efforts, but is often overshadowed by other policy priorities. As stated by Jha (2009), “cessation by current smokers is the only practical way to avoid a substantial proportion of tobacco deaths worldwide before 2050.” Its importance is codified in Article 14 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), and in the WHO's MPOWER package of effective country-level policies. Unfortunately, only 15% of the world's population have access to appropriate cessation support (WHO, 2015). Moreover, parties to the FCTC have implemented only 51% of the indicators within Article 14, on average, which is far lower than many other articles (WHO, 2014). Further, commenting on the use of “O” measures (Offer help to quit tobacco use) in the MPOWER acronym, WHO recently concluded, “while there has been improvement in implementing comprehensive tobacco cessation services, this is nonetheless a most under-implemented MPOWER measure in terms of the number of countries that have fully implemented it” (WHO, 2015). To the detriment of global tobacco control efforts, only one in eight countries provides comprehensive cost-covered services, only one in four provide some cost coverage for nicotine replacement therapy, and fewer than one third provide a toll-free quit line (WHO, 2015).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D Ward
- University of Memphis School of Public Health, and Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Guest Editor , Journal of Smoking Cessation
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Lessons Learned from Twelve Years of Partnered Tobacco Cessation Research in the Dominican Republic. J Smok Cessat 2016; 11:99-107. [PMID: 29104673 DOI: 10.1017/jsc.2016.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Engaging partners for tobacco control within low and middle income countries (LMICs) at early stages of tobacco control presents both challenges and opportunities in the global effort to avert the one billion premature tobacco caused deaths projected for this century. The Dominican Republic (DR) is one such early stage country. The current paper reports on lessons learned from 12 years of partnered United States (US)-DR tobacco cessation research conducted through two NIH trials (Proyecto Doble T, PDT1 and 2). The projects began with a grassroots approach of working with interested communities to develop and test interventions for cessation and secondhand smoke reduction that could benefit the communities, while concurrently building local capacity and providing resources, data, and models of implementation that could be used to ripple upward to expand partnerships and tobacco intervention efforts nationally. Lessons learned are discussed in four key areas: partnering for research, logistical issues in setting up the research project, disseminating and national networking, and mentoring. Effectively addressing the global tobacco epidemic will require sustained focus on supporting LMIC infrastructures for tobacco control, drawing on lessons learned across partnered trials such as those reported here, to provide feasible and innovative approaches for addressing this modifiable public health crisis.
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