Cycle Tracks and Parking Environments in China: Learning from College Students at Peking University

Authentication, access, and monitoring system for critical areas with the use of artificial intelligence integrated into perimeter security in a data center

Perimeter security in data centers helps protect systems and the data they store by preventing unauthorized access and protecting critical resources from potential threats. According to the report of the information security company SonicWall, in 2021, there was a 66% increase in the number of ransomware attacks. In addition, the message from the same company indicates that the total number of cyber threats detected in 2021 increased by 24% compared to 2019. Among these attacks, the infrastructure of data centers was compromised; for this reason, organizations include elements Physical such as security cameras, movement detection systems, authentication systems, etc., as an additional measure that contributes to perimeter security. This work proposes using artificial intelligence in the perimeter security of data centers. It allows the automation and optimization of security processes, which translates into greater efficiency and reliability in the operations that prevent intrusions through authentication, permit verification, and monitoring critical areas. It is crucial to ensure that AI-based perimeter security systems are designed to protect and respect user privacy. In addition, it is essential to regularly monitor the effectiveness and integrity of these systems to ensure that they function correctly and meet security standards.

Building a New Framework for Urban Parking Facilities Research with Quality Improvement: The Case of Chongqing, China

People-oriented development has become the main theme of China's current social development, and the construction of various urban infrastructure has shifted from a focus on functionalism to a continuous pursuit of service quality. As an essential infrastructure for urban transport, urban parking facilities have an impact on pedestrian experience and landscape appearance based on the provision of parking functions. Therefore, this study is oriented to improving the quality of parking facilities, proposes a research framework of parking facilities based on meeting functional demand and service quality, and constructs a quality index to evaluate the quality of parking facilities, which includes three dimensions of evaluation indexes: pedestrian space impact, environmental space impact, and demand matching. By analyzing the current characteristics of urban parking facilities and measuring their quality index (6.5), the study finds that while satisfying the basic function of parking demand, it brings a negative impact on the pedestrian experience and the overall urban landscape appearance of the city. Motivated by this, this study proposes strategies to improve the quality of parking facilities: demand matching, spatial synergy, and environmental design to address parking difficulties, while injecting different ideas for future value orientation of parking facility planning and construction.

Epidemiology of health risk behavior among university students

Introduction: Moderate and vigorous physical activity is essential to maintain proper body composition, to reduce the risk of ischemic heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. In addition, it reduces the risk of stroke, hypertension, and depression. Even so, it is an essential determinant of energy expenditure and, therefore, fundamental for energy balance and weight control. Objective: The objective of this epidemiological study is twofold: to quantify and qualify the physical activity of students at the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT) and to compare the level of physical activity of incoming and graduating students. Methodology: The present study used the National College Health Behavior Survey (NCHRBS) questionnaire adapted and validated for use by Brazilian undergraduate students and addressed only aspects related to physical activity. Of the 18,986 students enrolled on UFMT's 5 campuses, 9,720 students accessed the questionnaire. Of these, 7,379 had their answers validated, corresponding to 75.92% of accesses or 38.87% of the universe studied. Results: This study found differences in the level of physical activity among university students, observing less physical activity on the Rondonópolis campus, less physical activity for students in the areas of Linguistics and Letters, when compared with students from other areas, less physical activity in students females when compared to males and less physical activity among freshmen compared to graduates. Conclusion: The study suggest the need for greater investment in policies to promote physical activity among university students in all areas.

Unsafe Bicycling Behavior in Changsha, China: A Video-Based Observational Study

The recent emergence of shared bikes has inspired renewed use of bicycles in urban China. However, incidence rates of unsafe cycling behaviors have not been reported using objective methods. We designed a video-based observational study in Changsha, China to estimate the incidence of five unsafe bicycling behaviors among both shared and personal bike riders and examine incidence differences across types of riders and cycling areas. A total of 112 h of video recorded 13,407 cyclists riding shared bikes and 2061 riding personal bikes. The incidences of not wearing a helmet, violating traffic lights, riding in the opposite direction of traffic, not holding the handlebar with both hands, and riding in a non-bicycle lane were 99.28%, 19.57%, 13.73%, 2.57%, and 64.06%, respectively. The incidence rate of all five kinds of behaviors differed significantly across four types of riding areas (shopping, university, office, and leisure) and the rates of the first three kinds of behaviors were statistically different between shared and personal bike riders. In situations where bicycle lanes were available, we observed the incidence of riding on the motorway and on the sidewalk to be 44.06% and 19.99%, respectively. We conclude that unsafe cycling behaviors occur with alarming frequency and differ somewhat between riders of shared versus personal bikes. Further research is recommended to interpret the occurrence of risky cycling and the incidence differences across types of riders and cycling areas.

Expanding the Scope of the Bicycle Level-of-Service Concept: A Review of the Literature

Research into the bicycle level-of-service (BLOS) has been extensively conducted over the last three decades. This research has mostly focused on user perceptions of comfort to provide guidance for decision-makers and planners. Segments and nodes were studied first, followed by a network evaluation. Besides these investigations, several variables have also been utilized to depict the users’ perspectives within the BLOS field, along with other cycling research domains that simultaneously scrutinized the users’ preferences. This review investigates the variables and indices employed in the BLOS area in relation to the field of bicycle flow and comfort research. Despite general agreement among existing BLOS variables and the adopted indices, several important research gaps remain to be filled. First, BLOS indices are often categorized based on transport components, while scarce attention has been paid to BLOS studies in trip-end facilities such as bicycle parking facilities. The importance of these facilities has been highlighted instead within research related to comfort. Second, the advantages of separated bike facilities have been proven in many studies; however, scarce research has addressed the challenges associated with them (e.g., the heterogeneity within those facilities due to the presence of electric bikes and electric scooters). This issue is clearly noticeable within the research regarding flow studies. Furthermore, network evaluation (in comparison to segment and node indices) has been studied to a lesser extent, whereas issues such as connectivity can be evaluated mainly through a holistic approach to the system. This study takes one step toward demonstrating the importance of the integration of similar research domains in the BLOS field to eliminate the aforementioned shortcomings.

A New TS Algorithm for Solving Low-Carbon Logistics Vehicle Routing Problem with Split Deliveries by Backpack-From a Green Operation Perspective

In order to promote the development of low-carbon logistics and economize logistics distribution costs, the vehicle routing problem with split deliveries by backpack is studied. With the help of the model of classical capacitated vehicle routing problem, in this study, a form of discrete split deliveries was designed in which the customer demand can be split only by backpack. A double-objective mathematical model and the corresponding adaptive tabu search (TS) algorithm were constructed for solving this problem. By embedding the adaptive penalty mechanism, and adopting the random neighborhood selection strategy and reinitialization principle, the global optimization ability of the new algorithm was enhanced. Comparisons with the results in the literature show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The proposed method can save the costs of low-carbon logistics and reduce carbon emissions, which is conducive to the sustainable development of low-carbon logistics.