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Osmanov EM, Manyakov RR, Velichko PB, Zhabina UV, Fabrikantov OL, Nikolashin SI. [Prevalence and detection rate of senile cataract in individuals with cardiovascular diseases]. Vestn Oftalmol 2022; 138:41-47. [PMID: 36004590 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma202213804141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of senile cataracts and its detection rate among the population at the age of 40 and older with diseases of the cardiovascular system. MATERIAL AND METHODS This observational cross-sectional study was based on the information extracted from electronic health records (EHR) of patients aged 40-99 years assigned for medical services to a city polyclinic. RESULTS Among the population with essential hypertension (EH) senile cataract occurs with the frequency of 10.4±0.3% (95% CI 9.8-10.9%) of cases, in patients with cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) - 17.1±0.2% (95% CI 16.6-17.5%) of cases, with varicose veins of the lower extremities - 19.9±0.2% (95% CI 19.4-20.3%) of cases, with ischemic heart disease (IHD) - 15.8±0.2% (95% CI 15.4-16.2%) of cases. At the same time, senile cataract is associated with an increase in the likelihood of its detection in patients with hypertension by 6.8 times (OR 6.57; 95% CI 5.89-7.74), with CVD by 5 times (OR 5.02; 95% CI 4.64-5.44), with varicose veins by 3.7 times (OR 3.70; 95% CI 3.34-4.10), with IHD by 3.5 times (OR 3.53; 95% CI 3.20-3.90). Female gender is associated with an increased likelihood of developing senile cataracts in the presence of EH by 1.4 times (OR 1.420; 95% CI 1.299-1.553), in the presence of CVD by 1.2 times (OR 1.199; 95% CI 1.066-1.348), in the presence of varicose veins by 1.4 times (OR 1.355; 95% CI 1.064-1.725), in the presence of IHD by 1.5 times (OR 1.476; 95% CI 1.298-1.679). The detection rate of senile cataract is highest at the ages of 70-79 years, amounting to 18.1% of cases with hypertension, 24.0% of cases with CVD, 29.2% of cases with varicose veins, and 33.7% of cases with ischemic heart disease. CONCLUSION Target population groups have been identified for more effective screening studies in order to detect senile cataracts among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Osmanov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - R R Manyakov
- Medical Unit of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs in the Tambov Region, Tambov, Russia
| | - P B Velichko
- Tambov Branch of S.N. Fedorov National Medical Research Center "MNTK" Eye Microsurgery", Tambov, Russia
| | - U V Zhabina
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - O L Fabrikantov
- Tambov Branch of S.N. Fedorov National Medical Research Center "MNTK" Eye Microsurgery", Tambov, Russia
- Derzhavin Tambov State University, Medical Institute, Tambov, Russia
| | - S I Nikolashin
- Tambov Branch of S.N. Fedorov National Medical Research Center "MNTK" Eye Microsurgery", Tambov, Russia
- Derzhavin Tambov State University, Medical Institute, Tambov, Russia
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Wright CY, Norval M. Health Risks Associated With Excessive Exposure to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Among Outdoor Workers in South Africa: An Overview. Front Public Health 2021; 9:678680. [PMID: 33996735 PMCID: PMC8113384 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.678680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure of outdoor workers to high levels of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) poses significant, well-known health risks including skin cancer and eye diseases. In South Africa, little is known about how many workers are potentially overexposed to solar UVR and what the associated impacts on their health might be. In this overview, the geography and solar UVR environment in South Africa are considered, as well as the different outdoor occupational groups likely to be affected by excessive solar UVR exposure. Sunburn, pterygium, cataract, keratinocyte cancers, and melanoma are discussed in the context of outdoor workers. Few studies in South Africa have considered these health issues and the most effective ways to reduce solar UVR exposure for those working outside. Several countries have developed policies and guidelines to support sun safety in the workplace which include training and education, in addition to the provision of personal protective equipment and managerial support. Several gaps in occupational sun protection and workplace sun safety for South Africa are identified. Legislation needs to recognize solar UVR exposure as an occupational health hazard, with sun safety guidelines and training provided for employers and employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caradee Y Wright
- Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mary Norval
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Muhammad R, Kalambe A, Imam A. Obesity as a risk factor for age-related cataract in a Nigerian population. NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/njm.njm_30_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Model-based approach for analyzing prevalence of nuclear cataracts in elderly residents. Comput Biol Med 2020; 126:104009. [PMID: 33011577 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.104009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent epidemiological studies have hypothesized that the prevalence of cortical cataracts is closely related to ultraviolet radiation. However, the prevalence of nuclear cataracts is higher in elderly people in tropical areas than in temperate areas. The dominant factors inducing nuclear cataracts have been widely debated. In this study, the temperature increase in the lens due to exposure to ambient conditions was computationally quantified in subjects of 50-60 years of age in tropical and temperate areas, accounting for differences in thermoregulation. A thermoregulatory response model was extended to consider elderly people in tropical areas. The time course of lens temperature for different weather conditions in five cities in Asia was computed. The temperature was higher around the mid and posterior part of the lens, which coincides with the position of the nuclear cataract. The duration of higher temperatures in the lens varied, although the daily maximum temperatures were comparable. A strong correlation (adjusted R2 > 0.85) was observed between the prevalence of nuclear cataract and the computed cumulative thermal dose in the lens. We propose the use of a cumulative thermal dose to assess the prevalence of nuclear cataracts. Cumulative wet-bulb globe temperature, a new metric computed from weather data, would be useful for practical assessment in different cities.
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Khoza LB, Nunu WN, Tshivhase SE, Murwira TS, Mambanga P, Ramakuela NJ, Manganye BS, Ndou N. Survey on prevalence of cataract in selected communities in Limpopo Province of South Africa. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Tetteh J, Entsua-Mensah K, Doku A, Mohammed S, Swaray SM, Ayanore MA, Yawson AE. Self-reported hypertension as a predictor of chronic health conditions among older adults in Ghana: analysis of the WHO Study on global Ageing and adult health (SAGE) Wave 2. Pan Afr Med J 2020; 36:4. [PMID: 32550967 PMCID: PMC7282610 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.4.21489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypertension has been identified as a significant predictor of many chronic health conditions. Body Mass Index (BMI) and Quality of Life (QoL) are key determinants of hypertension especially among elderly populations. In this study, we examined the effect of self-reported hypertension (SRH) on chronic health conditions and quality of life among older adults in Ghana. Methods The WHO Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health Wave 2 data for Ghana, collected from 2014 to 2015 was applied in this study. Data for older adults aged 50 years and above were analyzed. Weighted descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using Stata 14. We predicted any potential associations between SRH and chronic health conditions using a corrected chi-square and Coarsened Exact Matching with adjusted odds ratios. Results The prevalence of SRH among older adults in Ghana was 15.8%. This was significantly associated with sex, marital status, religion, place of residence, working status, location/region, health status BMI, and QoL. In all, older adults with poor health status, obese state and high QoL had 3.15, 2.17 and 2.76 odds of SRH respectively [AOR(95%CI)p-value=3.15(1.65-6.02)0.001, 2.17(1.31-3.59)0.003 and 2.76(1.04-7.31)0.041)]. In addition, older adults with SRH were at increased risk of reporting chronic conditions such as stroke, angina, diabetes and cataract. Conclusion Overall, a key observation from this analysis is that SRH (and not only clinically diagnosed hypertension) is significantly associated with co-morbidities. In Ghana, older adults with SRH have increased risk of co-morbidities including diabetes, stroke, angina, and cataract. Interventions to improve the awareness and early detection of hypertension at the population level is key. Controlling hypertension at the population level will reduce prevalence of chronic conditions and increased protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Tetteh
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, Korle-Bu, P.O. Box 4236, Accra, Ghana.,National Cardiothoracic Centre, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kow Entsua-Mensah
- National Cardiothoracic Centre, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Alfred Doku
- National Cardiothoracic Centre, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Sheriff Mohammed
- Department of Surgery, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, Korle-Bu, Ghana
| | | | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Alfred Edwin Yawson
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, Korle-Bu, P.O. Box 4236, Accra, Ghana
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Jiang H, Wang LN, Liu Y, Li M, Wu M, Yin Y, Ma L, Wu CR. Physical activity and risk of age-related cataract. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:643-649. [PMID: 32399418 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.04.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To summarize quantitatively the prospective association between physical activity and age-related cataract (ARC) risk. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for all relevant follow up studies until July 2019. Multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from individual studies were used to calculate the overall summary estimates. The dose-response relationship was assessed using generalized least-squares trend estimation. RESULTS Six prospective cohort studies, involving 19 173 cases in 6.2-12.1y follow up of 171 620 participants, were included in the analysis. Increased physical activity was significantly associated with reduced risk of ARC by 10% (RR: 0.90; 95%CI: 0.81, 0.99, P=0.04). Stratified analysis by assessment method for physical activity suggest that studies using metabolic equivalent (MET) per day tended to report a slightly stronger association with ARC (RR: 0.85; 95%CI: 0.81, 0.90, P<0.001) than studies which assessed activity by weekly activity (RR: 0.96; 95%CI: 0.89, 1.03, P=0.24). Dose-response analysis indicated that the risk of ARC decreased by 2% (RR: 0.98; 95%CI: 0.98, 0.99, P<0.001) for every 6 METs per day increase in activity. CONCLUSION The findings from this Meta-analysis provide additional evidence that increased physical activity is inversely associated with ARC risk dose-responsively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jiang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.,School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Li-Na Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ming Li
- Centre for Population Health Research, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Min Wu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yue Yin
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Le Ma
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chang-Rui Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
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Sanuade OA, Dodoo FNA, Koram K, de-Graft Aikins A. Prevalence and correlates of stroke among older adults in Ghana: Evidence from the Study on Global AGEing and adult health (SAGE). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212623. [PMID: 30865654 PMCID: PMC6415815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examines the prevalence and correlates of stroke among older adults in Ghana. This cross-sectional study retrieved data from Wave 1 of the World Health Organization (WHO) Survey on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) conducted between 2007 and 2008. The sample, comprising 4,279 respondents aged 50 years and above, was analysed using descriptive statistics, cross tabulations and Chi-Square tests, and a multivariable binary logistic regression. Respondents ranged in age from 50 to 114 years, with a median age of 62 years. Stroke prevalence was 2.6%, with the correlates being marital status, level of education, employment status, and living with hypertension or diabetes. The results showed that being separated/divorced, having primary and secondary education, being unemployed and living with hypertension and diabetes, significantly increased the odds of stroke prevalence in this population. The results suggest that interventions to reduce stroke prevalence and impact must be developed alongside interventions for hypertension, diabetes and sociodemographic/economic factors such as marital status, level of education, and employment status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kwadwo Koram
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana., Accra, Ghana
| | - Ama de-Graft Aikins
- Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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