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Çelik S, Peker İ, Gök-Kısa AC, Büyüközkan G. Multi-criteria evaluation of medical waste management process under intuitionistic fuzzy environment: A case study on hospitals in Turkey. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PLANNING SCIENCES 2023; 86:101499. [PMID: 36540295 PMCID: PMC9754754 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2022.101499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Waste management has come to the fore in the whole world with the increasing impact of the Covid-19 pandemic along with concerns about human health, environmental threats, and socio-economic factors, etc. Medical waste is one of the waste types that need special management processes including particularly collection, storage, separation, and disposal. Healthcare activities create a great amount of medical waste deriving from the hospitals. This study aims to determine the hospital that carries out medical waste management in the most effective way in Erzurum, Turkey. To handle intense uncertainty in the evaluation process, the case is analyzed by Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (IFMCDM) methods. The present study contributes to the literature by focusing on a real case problem under IF environment in a Group Decision-Making (GDM) framework. Additionally, based on the literature review and expert judgments, the evaluation criteria relevant to the case are defined in this paper. To this end, a four-phased integrated methodology that involves Intuitionistic Fuzzy Weighted Averaging (IFWA), IF Analytical Hierarchy Process (IFAHP), IF Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (IFTOPSIS) and One-Dimensional Sensitivity Analysis, is conducted. Firstly, IFWA is aimed to express the significance levels of decision makers (DMs) based on their knowledge, qualifications and experiences. Secondly, IFAHP is used to calculate the importance weights of the decision criteria and IFTOPSIS is preferred to rank the available hospitals. Then, sensitivity analysis is employed to display robustness. According to the results, the most important criteria are Qualified personnel, Health institution infrastructure, and Control of waste, respectively and the most efficient hospital is determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Çelik
- Atatürk University, Department of Business Administration, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - İskender Peker
- Gumushane University, Department of Business Administration, Gümüşhane, Turkey
| | - A Cansu Gök-Kısa
- Hitit University, Department of International Trade and Logistics, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Büyüközkan
- Galatasaray University, Department of Industrial Engineering, İstanbul, Turkey
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Mol MPG, Zolnikov TR, Neves AC, Dos Santos GR, Tolentino JLL, de Vasconcelos Barros RT, Heller L. Healthcare waste generation in hospitals per continent: a systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:42466-42475. [PMID: 35364785 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19995-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There are increasing worldwide concerns about the negative impacts of healthcare waste generated in hospitals, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Hazardous type of waste can contribute to adverse effects both in human populations and the environment because of its physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. A comprehensive view on increasing waste in the world has not been conducted to understand the breadth of the issue; thus, this paper sought to provide an analysis of hospitals' healthcare waste generation rate. Comparisons were made with Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests for simple and multiple comparisons, to analyze nonparametric data, with post hoc by Nemenyi test. Median values indicated that hospital waste was the highest in North and South America (4.42, 1.64 kg/bed/day, respectively) and was almost nonexistent in Oceania (0.19 kg/bed/day), while the median rates for hazardous waste were the highest in Oceania (0.77 kg/bed/day). Africa was almost the lowest producer of waste in each category (0.19 and 0.39 kg/bed/day for hospital and hazardous waste, respectively). Over time, linear regression indicated that hazardous waste in Asia and Europe has increased, while in Oceania, the total waste also increased. Interestingly, in North America, it was observed a reduction in the generation for both total and hazardous waste. This information highlights the importance of understanding continent-specific characteristics and rates, which can be used to create a more individualized approach to addressing healthcare waste in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Paulo Gomes Mol
- Diretoria de Pesquisa E Desenvolvimento, Fundação Ezequiel Dias (FUNED), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | | | - Arthur Couto Neves
- Diretoria de Pesquisa E Desenvolvimento, Fundação Ezequiel Dias (FUNED), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Giulia Roriz Dos Santos
- Diretoria de Pesquisa E Desenvolvimento, Fundação Ezequiel Dias (FUNED), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leo Heller
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto René Rachou, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Chisholm JM, Zamani R, Negm AM, Said N, Abdel daiem MM, Dibaj M, Akrami M. Sustainable waste management of medical waste in African developing countries: A narrative review. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2021; 39:1149-1163. [PMID: 34218734 PMCID: PMC8488638 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x211029175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Africa is the second populous continent, and its population has the fastest growing rate. Some African countries are still plagued by poverty, poor sanitary conditions and limited resources, such as clean drinking water, food supply, electricity, and effective waste management systems. Underfunded healthcare systems, poor training and lack of awareness of policies and legislations on handling medical waste have led to increased improper handling of waste within hospitals, healthcare facilities and transportation and storage of medical waste. Some countries, including Ethiopia, Botswana, Nigeria and Algeria, do not have national guidelines in place to adhere to the correct disposal of such wastage. Incineration is often the favoured disposal method due to the rapid diminishment of up to 90% of waste, as well as production of heat for boilers or for energy production. This type of method - if not applying the right technologies - potentially creates hazardous risks of its own, such as harmful emissions and residuals. In this study, the sustainability aspects of medical waste management in Africa were reviewed to present resilient solutions for health and environment protection for the next generation in Africa. The findings of this research introduce policies, possible advices and solutions associated with sustainability and medical waste management that can support decision-makers in developing strategies for the sustainability by using the eco-friendly technologies for efficient medical waste treatment and disposal methods and also can serve as a link between the healthcare system, decision-makers, and stakeholders in developing health policies and programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reza Zamani
- Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Abdelazim M Negm
- Water and Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Noha Said
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Abdel daiem
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Shaqra University, Al-dawadmi, Ar Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahdieh Dibaj
- Department of Engineering, College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Mohammad Akrami
- Department of Engineering, College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Assessment of Knowledge about Healthcare Risk Waste Management at a Tertiary Hospital in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020449. [PMID: 33429988 PMCID: PMC7826717 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at assessing the knowledge about healthcare risk waste (HCRW) management among doctors, professional nurses, pharmacists and laboratory technicians, in accordance with National Environmental Management, Waste Act 59 of 2008, Constitution of South Africa and sustainable development goals (SDG). The quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted, using self-administered questionnaires and stratified random sampling was used. Data was analyzed using the descriptive and inferential statistics. One hundred and forty-four participants were included in the study. The majority 90.28% of the participants were aged 19–50 years, females (71%), professional nurses (36%), and they had 1–10 years of experience (71%). The health professionals were knowledgeable of sharps waste (89%), slightly over (52%) knew anatomical waste, whereas (27%) and (17%) knew radioactive and cytotoxic waste, respectively. Health professionals (92%) agreed that the sharps-waste container should be disposed of in a yellow bin container, at least (63%) and (27%) agreed that red liner and box should be used for both infectious non anatomical waste and for cytotoxic waste. The null hypothesis was tested on knowledge versus age, profession and gender, and evidence against it was found on waste storage period in all three variables where chi-square and Fisher exact p-values were less than the 5% significant level. More attention should be directed towards similar HCRW management training at the hospital for all health professionals and behavior modification. The hospital management must ensure that HCRW-trained health professionals and HCRW management officials put into practice what they have learnt.
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Potgieter N, Banda NT, Becker PJ, Traore-Hoffman AN. WASH infrastructure and practices in primary health care clinics in the rural Vhembe District municipality in South Africa. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2021; 22:8. [PMID: 33397298 PMCID: PMC7780685 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-020-01346-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND South Africa has unique and diverse social and economic factors that have an impact on the provision of basic water, sanitation, hygiene and waste management infrastructure and practices at health care facilities in ensuring patient safety and prevent the spread of diseases. METHODS The aim of this study was to evaluate water, sanitation and hygiene access and standards at 50 government owned public health care clinics in the rural region of the Vhembe district of South Africa during 2016/2017, using self-observation, an observation checklist, record reviews and interviews with clinic managers. Water quality from all available water sources on the clinic compound was analysed for Total coliform and E. coli counts using the Colilert Quanti-tray/2000 system. The prevalence of pathogenic diarrhea causing E. coli strains was established using multiplex-Polymerase Chain Reaction. RESULTS The health care clinics in the Vhembe District generally complied with the basic WASH services guidelines according to the World Health Organisation. Although 80% of the clinics used borehole water which is classified as an improved water source, microbiological assessment showed that 38% inside taps and 64% outside taps from the clinic compounds had TC counts higher than guideline limits for safe drinking. Similarly, EC counts above the guideline limit for safe drinking water were detected in 17% inside taps and 32% outside taps from the clinic compounds. Pathogenic EAEC, EPEC, ETEC and EHEC strains were isolated in the collected water samples. Although improved sanitation infrastructures were present in most of the clinics, the sanitary conditions of these toilets were not up to standard. Waste systems were not adequately managed. A total of 90% of the clinics had hand washing basins, while only 61% of the clinics had soap present and only 64% of the clinics had adequate signs and posters reminding the staff, care givers and patients to wash their hands. CONCLUSIONS Various WASH aspects within the primary health care system in South Africa needs to be improved and corrected. A more rigorous system that is inclusive of all role players in the WASH sectors, with regular monitoring and training sessions, should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Potgieter
- Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa.
| | - N T Banda
- Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - P J Becker
- Research Office, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - A N Traore-Hoffman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
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Ashtari A, Sadegh Tabrizi J, Rezapour R, Rashidian Maleki M, Azami-Aghdash S. Health Care Waste Management Improvement Interventions Specifications and Results: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 49:1611-1621. [PMID: 33643934 PMCID: PMC7898106 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v49i9.4074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Given the importance of proper management of Health Care Waste Management (HCWM), comprehensive information on interventions in this field is necessary. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review and meta-analysis of characteristics and results of interventions in the field of HCWM. Methods The required data were gathered through searching the keywords such as waste management, biomedical waste, hospitals waste, health care waste, infectious waste, medical waste, Waste Disposal Facilities, Garbage, Waste Disposal Facilities, Hazardous Waste Sites in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Google scholar, Cochrane library, Science Direct, web of knowledge, SID and MagIran and hand searching in journals, reference by reference, and search in Gray literatures between 2000 and 2019. CMA software: 2 (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) was used to perform the meta-analysis. Results Twenty-seven interventions were evaluated. Most of the studies were conducted after 2010, in the form of pre and post study, without control group, and in hospital. Interventions were divided into two categories: educational interventions (19 studies) and multifaceted managerial interventions (8 studies). The most studied outcome (in 11 studies) was KAP (knowledge, attitude and practice). The mean standard difference of interventions on KAP was estimated 3.04 (2.54-3.54) which was significant statistically (P<0.05). Also, interventions were considerably effective in improving the indicators of waste production amount, waste management costs and overall waste management performance. Conclusion Despite positive effect of interventions, due to the methodological deficiencies of published studies and high heterogeneity in results of studies, caution should be exercised in interpreting and using the results of the studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ashtari
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezapour
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rashidian Maleki
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saber Azami-Aghdash
- School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, School of Health Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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