1
|
Hossain KB, Lin Y, Chen K, Zhang M, Liu M, Zhao W, Ke H, Liu F, Wang C, Cai M. Policy impact on microplastic reduction in China: Observation and prediction using statistical model in an intensive mariculture bay. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:160075. [PMID: 36372178 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution in the environment has spurred debate among scientists, policymakers, and the general public over how industrialization and consumerism are wreaking havoc on our ecosystem, but some policies might assist to ameliorate the problem in the near future. In this study, the decision tree classifier and Bayesian Structural Time Series (BSTS) model was used to anticipate the possible sources of microplastics and their near future state in 26 surface sediment and a sediment core, respectively in Sansha Bay, which has been criticized for its intensive mariculture applications. An inventory of microplastics in the sediment core was estimated, and it was discovered that during the previous six decades, an average of 181.95 tons of microplastics were deposited, with an average deposition (by a layer of sediment) of 179.44 tons/cm. According to the DT classifier, mariculture was the primary source of microplastics, whereas urban and industrial areas were the primary sources of POPs. The Bayesian Structural Time Series (BSTS) model revealed a microplastic downward slope, indicating that regional and national strategies implemented might successfully reduce microplastic pollution regionally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazi Belayet Hossain
- Coastal and Ocean Management Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yan Lin
- College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Mengyang Liu
- College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenlu Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hongwei Ke
- College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Fengjiao Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Environment, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Minggang Cai
- Coastal and Ocean Management Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry and Application (Xiamen University), Fujian Province University, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Conti I, Simioni C, Varano G, Brenna C, Costanzi E, Neri LM. Legislation to limit the environmental plastic and microplastic pollution and their influence on human exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 288:117708. [PMID: 34256282 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is an emerging problem and is a consequence of the post-consumer plastic waste accumulation in the environment coupled to mismanaged waste programmes. Countries are counteracting the continuous growth of plastic litter with different strategies: introducing bans and limits on both plastic items and materials, promoting plastic recycling and recovery strategies and encouraging voluntary clean up actions, as well as raising public awareness. However, the toxicity of plastics to the environment and organisms is not only related to their polymer chains, but also to the fact that plastic materials contain hazardous additives and can adsorb environmental pollutants (i.e. heavy metals and persistent organic contaminants, respectively). The plastic/additives/pollutants combination may be ingested by marine organisms and then enter in the food chain. Therefore, legislation for additives and contaminants is crucial both to reduce environmental pollution and their toxic effects on organisms, which of course includes humans. In this review, the current policies on plastics and related contaminants are described focusing on current laws. Moreover, recommendations for seafood consumption are suggested, since each fish or mollusc eaten may potentially result in plastic particles, additives or contaminants ingestion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Conti
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Carolina Simioni
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy; LTTA - Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Varano
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Brenna
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Eva Costanzi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Luca Maria Neri
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy; LTTA - Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|