The Perception and Intervention of Internship Nursing Students Helping Smokers to Quit: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chongqing, China

Study on the participation of nursing staff in tobacco cessation support and related influencing factors: A survey from Chongqing, China

INTRODUCTION

Nursing staff's assistance for smokers to quit smoking can increase the rate of quitting. The smoking cessation help can be affected by many factors. This study surveyed the use of the 5As (Asking, Advising, Assessing, Assisting, Arranging) approach to support smoking cessation by the nursing staff in Chongqing, China, and analyzed the corresponding influencing factors.

METHODS

A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select nursing staff from 8 tertiary hospitals, 5 secondary hospitals, 12 community health centers, and 35 township health centers in different geographical regions of Chongqing. A questionnaire survey was conducted among the nursing staff to investigate their participation in smoking cessation. Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to analyze the influencing factors of smoking cessation 5As behavior of the nursing staff.

RESULTS

The 1669 participants were 44 males (2.6%) and 1625 females (97.4%), with an average age of 37.00 ± 10.89 years. Among the participants, 55.2% were from tertiary hospitals, 23.2% from secondary hospitals, 14.2% from township health centers, and 7.4 from community health centers. The often or always used behaviors were: Asking, 69.2%; Advising, 53.0%; Assessing, 39.5%; Assisting, 33.7%; and Arranging, 25.1%. The factors that affected all the 5As were: smoking cessation training (AOR=1.60; 95% CI: 1.22-2.11), knowledge of smoking cessation guidelines (AOR=1.75; 95% CI: 1.32-2.32) and the use of smoking cessation Apps (AOR=1.50; 95% CI: 1.09-2.06), and smokers' willingness to quit (AOR=2.20; 95% CI: 1.60-3.02).

CONCLUSIONS

Smoker's motivation to quit smoking and nurses' knowledge of tobacco cessation resources affected nurses' participation in smoking control behavior. While encouraging smokers to quit smoking, clinical nursing staff should be provided with related resources to advocate smoking cessation. Guided by the Chinese Clinical Tobacco Cessation Guidelines, smoking control knowledge and skills training should be provided for nursing staff to increase their positive attitude towards smoking control, so as to promote their active participation.

A Comparison of Haitian and American Bachelor of Science in Nursing Students' Perceptions of Cigarette Smoking and E-Cigarette Use

ABSTRACT

Cigarette smoking is a global health epidemic, and smoking along with electronic nicotine delivery systems use or vaping are on the rise. Despite the effectiveness of smoking cessation strategies, healthcare providers and nursing students do not routinely recommend these strategies for patients who are smokers. This study compares the perceptions of smoking and vaping between two groups of baccalaureate degree nursing students from Haiti and the United States. The study was influenced by contemporary and past studies showing that more young people are drawn into smoking and vaping despite the prevalence of antismoking policies and awareness campaigns. In this descriptive study, surveys were used to collect data to determine the differences between the two country's nursing students on their perception of smoking and vaping. The findings indicated that, despite greater usage, the students from the United States had a higher perception of the health implications of cigarette smoking and vaping compared with those from Haiti. On the basis of the findings of this study, collaborative pedagogical research opportunities among international nursing education programs can further curriculum development to foster growth and development of future global health practitioners.

Impact of tobacco cessation education on behaviors of nursing undergraduates in helping smokers to quit smoking

INTRODUCTION

Smoking continues to be a significant public health issue, but nursing students do not receive sufficient training on tobacco cessation education. Integrating the 5As behaviors for tobacco cessation into a compulsory course could improve nursing students’ skills and increase their clinical behaviors for assisting patients in quitting smoking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of evidence-based tobacco cessation education on the perceptions and behaviors of nursing students who are assisting patients to quit smoking.

METHODS

A prospective single-group design was used to evaluate the perceptions and behaviors of 626 senior nursing students enrolled in an education program, at three time points: baseline, 3 months post education, and 6 months post education. Data were collected, before and after the tobacco cessation education, using assessment tools for knowledge, attitudes, and the 5As behaviors for assisting patients to quit smoking.

RESULTS

A total of 572 senior students completed the baseline survey, 289 students completed the survey 3 months post education, 348 students completed the survey 6 months post education, and 285 students completed all three surveys. Knowledge and self-efficacy of tobacco cessation were improved dramatically (p<0.05) after the education program, compared with the baseline survey. At 6 months post education, compared with at 3 months post education, nursing students reported more interventions of asking, advising, assessing, assisting, and arranging smokers to quit smoking (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The integration of tobacco cessation education into compulsory courses could improve clinical skills and enhance the behaviors of nursing students for assisting patients to quit smoking.

Impact of tobacco control auxiliary resources on the 5As behavior in nursing interns: Self-reports from students

INTRODUCTION

The help of healthcare professionals for smokers to quit is critically important to increase quit rates. In the future, internship nursing students will potentially become the largest population of medical professionals. This study explored the impact of the use and awareness of universal tobacco control auxiliary resources on nursing students’ 5As behavior in helping patients to quit smoking during a 40-week clinical internship in the last year of nursing school in Chongqing, China.

METHODS

A survey was conducted in 13 teaching hospitals selected from 29 in Chongqing, China, in 2019, by a random cluster sampling method. It investigated, by self-reported questionnaires, student 5As behavior in helping patients to quit smoking and use and knowledge of tobacco cessation auxiliary resources (tobacco cessation self-education manual, tobacco cessation guidelines, tobacco cessation drugs, tobacco cessation websites, and hotline). The relationship between tobacco cessation auxiliary resources and 5As behavior in helping patients to quit smoking was analyzed with a multivariate linear mixed-effect model.

RESULTS

In all, 534 (39.3%) students, of a total of 1358, reported that the majority of internship units provided a tobacco control self-education manual; 674 (49.6%) ever skimmed through tobacco cessation guidelines; 641 (47.2%) browsed tobacco cessation websites; 738 (54.3%) knew some cessation-assistance drugs; and 93 (6.8%) knew of and could recall the tobacco cessation hotline. Except for tobacco cessation websites, tobacco cessation auxiliary resources affected nursing interns’ 5As behavior in helping patients to quit (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Tobacco cessation auxiliary resources influenced students’ 5As behavior in helping patients to quit smoking. Students knew a little of tobacco cessation auxiliary resources. To improve students’ 5As behavior for helping patients to quit, more tobacco cessation resources need to be developed and more students need to become acquainted with them.