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Ahmad I, Kaur M, Tyagi D, Singh TB, Kaur G, Afzal SM, Jauhar M. Exploring novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying Bisphenol A-induced toxicity: A persistent threat to human health. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 108:104467. [PMID: 38763439 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous industrial chemical used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, found in numerous consumer products. Despite its widespread use, its potential adverse health effects have raised significant concerns. This review explores the molecular mechanisms and evidence-based literature underlying BPA-induced toxicities and its implications for human health. BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) which exhibits carcinogenic properties by influencing various receptors, such as ER, AhR, PPARs, LXRs, and RARs. It induces oxidative stress and contributes to cellular dysfunction, inflammation, and DNA damage, ultimately leading to various toxicities including but not limited to reproductive, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and endocrine toxicity. Moreover, BPA can modify DNA methylation patterns, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA expression, leading to epigenetic changes and contribute to carcinogenesis. Overall, understanding molecular mechanisms of BPA-induced toxicity is crucial for developing effective strategies and policies to mitigate its adverse effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
| | - Devansh Tyagi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
| | - Tejinder Bir Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- School of Business Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Shaikh Mohammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
| | - Mohsin Jauhar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
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Jain R, Jain A, Jain S, Thakur SS, Jain SK. Linking bisphenol potential with deleterious effect on immune system: a review. THE NUCLEUS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-022-00383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Bornman MS, Aneck-Hahn NH. EDCs and male urogenital cancers. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2021; 92:521-553. [PMID: 34452696 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Male sex determination and sexual differentiation occur between 6-12 weeks of gestation. During the "male programming window" the fetal testes start to produce testosterone that initiates the development of the male reproductive tract. Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) able to mimic or disrupt steroid hormone actions may disrupt testicular development and adversely impact reproductive health at birth, during puberty and adulthood. The testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) occurs as a result inhibition of androgen action on fetal development preceding Sertoli and Leydig cell dysfunction and may result from direct or epigenetic effects. Hypospadias, cryptorchidism and poor semen quality are elements of TDS, which may be considered a risk factor for testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC). Exposure to estrogen or estrogenic EDCs results in developmental estrogenization/estrogen imprinting in the rodent for prostate cancer (PCa). This can disrupt prostate histology by disorganization of the epithelium, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) lesions, in particular high-grade PIN (HGPIN) lesions which are precursors of prostatic adenocarcinoma. These defects persist throughout the lifespan of the animal and later in life estrogen exposure predispose development of cancer. Exposure of pregnant dams to vinclozolin, a competitive anti-androgen, and results in prominent, focal regions of inflammation in all exposed animals. The inflammation closely resembles human nonbacterial prostatitis that occurs in young men and evidence indicates that inflammation plays a central role in the development of PCa. In conclusion, in utero exposure to endocrine disrupters may predispose to the development of TDS, testicular cancer (TCa) and PCa and are illustrations of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD).
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Bornman
- Environmental Chemical Pollution and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - N H Aneck-Hahn
- Environmental Chemical Pollution and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Environmental Chemical Pollution and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Urology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Khan NG, Correia J, Adiga D, Rai PS, Dsouza HS, Chakrabarty S, Kabekkodu SP. A comprehensive review on the carcinogenic potential of bisphenol A: clues and evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:19643-19663. [PMID: 33666848 PMCID: PMC8099816 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A [BPA; (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2] is a synthetic chemical used as a precursor material for the manufacturing of plastics and resins. It gained attention due to its high chances of human exposure and predisposing individuals at extremely low doses to diseases, including cancer. It enters the human body via oral, inhaled, and dermal routes as leach-out products. BPA may be anticipated as a probable human carcinogen. Studies using in vitro cell lines, rodent models, and epidemiological analysis have convincingly shown the increasing susceptibility to cancer at doses below the oral reference dose set by the Environmental Protection Agency for BPA. Furthermore, BPA exerts its toxicological effects at the genetic and epigenetic levels, influencing various cell signaling pathways. The present review summarizes the available data on BPA and its potential impact on cancer and its clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Ghani Khan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Jacinta Correia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Padmalatha Satwadi Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Herman Sunil Dsouza
- Department of Radiation Biology and Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Center for DNA repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
- Center for DNA repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Liang Y, Pi H, Liao L, Tan M, Deng P, Yue Y, Xi Y, Tian L, Xie J, Chen M, Luo Y, Chen M, Wang L, Yu Z, Zhou Z. Cadmium promotes breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion by inhibiting ACSS2/ATG5-mediated autophagy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 273:116504. [PMID: 33486244 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), which is considered a carcinogenic metal, promotes breast cancer (BC) progression, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. Herein, MCF-7 and T47-D cells were treated with 0.1, 1, and 10 μM cadmium chloride (CdCl2) for 24, 48 and 72 h. In our study, Cd exposure significantly accelerated the proliferation, migration and invasion of MCF-7 and T47-D cells. Notably, Cd inhibited autophagic flux by suppressing ATG5-dependent autophagosome formation but had no significant effect on autophagosome-lysosome fusion and lysosomal function. The genetic enhancement of autophagy through ATG5 overexpression suppressed the Cd-mediated increases in proliferation, migration and invasion, which indicated a carcinogenic role of autophagy impairment in Cd-exposed BC cells. GSEA and GeneMANIA were utilized to demonstrate that the Cd-induced decrease in ACSS2 expression mechanistically inhibited ATG5-dependent autophagy in BC cells. Importantly, ACSS2 overexpression increased the level of H3K27 acetylation in the promoter region of ATG5, and this result maintained autophagic flux and abolished the Cd-induced increases in proliferation, migration and invasion. We also verified that the expression of ACSS2 in BC tissues was low and positively related to ATG5 expression. These findings indicated that the promoting effect of Cd on BC cell proliferation, migration and invasion through the impairment of ACSS2/ATG5-dependent autophagic flux suggests a new mechanism for BC cell proliferation and metastasis stimulated by Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Liang
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Huifeng Pi
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingzhi Liao
- Department of Pathology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine (Central Hospital of Zhuzhou City), Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Miduo Tan
- Surgery Department of Galactophore, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine (Central Hospital of Zhuzhou City), Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Deng
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Yue
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Xi
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, And Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Xie
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengyan Chen
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingliang Chen
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liting Wang
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengping Yu
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, And Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Effects of an Educational Glass Recycling Program against Environmental Pollution in Spain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16245108. [PMID: 31847338 PMCID: PMC6950524 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16245108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we analyzed the effects of an educational glass recycling program on primary schools and their students in Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). A sample of 89 schools, with 20,710 elementary students, was selected by simple random sampling. For the statistical analysis, descriptive techniques (frequencies and statistics), parametric (One Way ANOVA test), and non-parametric (Chi-Square test) inferential techniques were used, with a 5% significance level (p < 0.05). The program’s results showed that 153,576.3 kg of glass (with a value of 17,064.03 €) were recycled. Significant determinants of glass recycling were: School category (p = 0.043), previous environmental/recycling education (p = 0.046), geographic location of school (p = 0.030), gender (p = 0.007), and academic year (p < 0.05). With the program, students learned the importance of glass recycling, obtained a greater knowledge of and habits related to the same, acquired favorable attitudes towards the environment, and promoted glass recycling in their social circles. We conclude that environmental education about glass recycling has positive effects on glass recycling attitudes and behaviors in elementary school students and may be used as a measure to combat the problem of environmental pollution.
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