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Tong CY, Zhu RTL, Ling YT, Scheeren EM, Lam FMH, Fu H, Ma CZH. Muscular and Kinematic Responses to Unexpected Translational Balance Perturbation: A Pilot Study in Healthy Young Adults. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:831. [PMID: 37508858 PMCID: PMC10376184 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Falls and fall-related injuries are significant public health problems in older adults. While balance-controlling strategies have been extensively researched, there is still a lack of understanding regarding how fast the lower-limb muscles contract and coordinate in response to a sudden loss of standing balance. Therefore, this pilot study aims to investigate the speed and timing patterns of multiple joint/muscles' activities among the different challenges in standing balance. Twelve healthy young subjects were recruited, and they received unexpected translational balance perturbations with randomized intensities and directions. Electromyographical (EMG) and mechanomyographical (MMG) signals of eight dominant-leg's muscles, dominant-leg's three-dimensional (3D) hip/knee/ankle joint angles, and 3D postural sways were concurrently collected. Two-way ANOVAs were used to examine the difference in timing and speed of the collected signals among muscles/joint motions and among perturbation intensities. This study has found that (1) agonist muscles resisting the induced postural sway tended to activate more rapidly than the antagonist muscles, and ankle muscles contributed the most with the fastest rate of response; (2) voluntary corrective lower-limb joint motions and postural sways could occur as early as the perturbation-induced passive ones; (3) muscles reacted more rapidly under a larger perturbation intensity, while the joint motions or postural sways did not. These findings expand the current knowledge on standing-balance-controlling mechanisms and may potentially provide more insights for developing future fall-prevention strategies in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheuk Ying Tong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Ringo Tang-Long Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yan To Ling
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Eduardo Mendonça Scheeren
- Graduate Program in Health Technology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Freddy Man Hin Lam
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Hong Fu
- Department of Mathematics and Information Technology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Christina Zong-Hao Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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Thomas E, Rossi C, Petrigna L, Messina G, Bellafiore M, Şahin FN, Proia P, Palma A, Bianco A. Evaluation of Posturographic and Neuromuscular Parameters during Upright Stance and Hand Standing: A Pilot Study. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:jfmk8020040. [PMID: 37092372 PMCID: PMC10123693 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Upright bipedal posture is the physiological human posture; however, it is not the only possible form of human standing; indeed, an inverted position, a handstand, is required during gymnastics or other sports. Thus, this study aimed to understand the differences between the two standing strategies from a postural and neuromuscular perspective. Thirteen gymnasts with at least three years of sports experience underwent a baropodometric assessment and a surface electromyography (sEMG) examination in a standard upright bipodalic stance and during a handstand. The sEMG examination was performed on the gastrocnemius during an upright stance and on the flexor carpi radialis during the handstand. Limb weight distribution presented differences between the two vertical stances (p < 0.01). During the handstand, the weight ratio was prevalently observed on the palm of the hand for both hands with a significant difference between the front and rear aspect of the hand compared to the standing tasks (p < 0.01). Normalized sEMG amplitude showed significant differences during bipedal standing and hand standing; however, over a 5 s period, the normalized median frequency (MDF) value was similar for the two tasks. Both standing tasks presented similar postural weight managing patterns when analysed on the frontal plane, but they were different on the sagittal plane. In addition, the neuromuscular patterns during a 5 s window differ in amplitude but not for the frequency domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewan Thomas
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Carlo Rossi
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Petrigna
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Messina
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marianna Bellafiore
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Fatma Neşe Şahin
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Science, Ankara University, Ankara 06830, Türkiye
| | - Patrizia Proia
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Palma
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
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Tortora S, Rubega M, Formaggio E, Marco RD, Masiero S, Menegatti E, Tonin L, Felice AD. Age-related differences in visual P300 ERP during dual-task postural balance. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2021; 2021:6511-6514. [PMID: 34892601 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Standing and concurrently performing a cognitive task is a very common situation in everyday life. It is associated with a higher risk of falling in the elderly. Here, we aim at evaluating the differences of the P300 evoked potential elicited by a visual oddball paradigm between healthy younger (< 35 y) and older (> 64 y) adults during a simultaneous postural task. We found that P300 latency increases significantly (p < 0.001) when the elderly are engaged in more challenging postural tasks; younger adults show no effect of balance condition. Our results demonstrate that, even if the elderly have the same accuracy in odd stimuli detection as younger adults do, they require a longer processing time for stimulus discrimination. This finding suggests an increased attentional load which engages additional cerebral reserves.
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Liu AM, Chu IH, Lin HT, Liang JM, Hsu HT, Wu WL. Training Benefits and Injury Risks of Standing Yoga Applied in Musculoskeletal Problems: Lower Limb Biomechanical Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168402. [PMID: 34444151 PMCID: PMC8391656 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Standing yoga poses strengthen a person’s legs and helps to achieve the goal of musculoskeletal rehabilitation, but inadequate exercise planning can cause injuries. This study investigated changes in the electromyogram and joint moments of force (JMOFs) of lower extremities during common standing yoga poses in order to explore the feasibility and possible injury risk in dealing with musculoskeletal problems. Eleven yoga instructors were recruited to execute five yoga poses (Chair, Tree, Warrior 1, 2, and 3). The results revealed significant differences in hip, knee, and ankle JMOFs and varying degrees of muscle activation among the poses. Among these poses, rectus femoris muscle activation during the Chair pose was the highest, Warrior 2 produced the highest muscle activation in the vastus lateralis of the front limb, while Warrior 1 had the highest muscle activation in the vastus medialis of the back limb. Therefore, all three poses can possibly be suggested as a therapeutic intervention for quadriceps strengthening. Warrior 1 was possibly suggested as a therapeutic intervention in order to reduce excessive lateral overload of the patella, but the possible adverse effects of Warrior 2 with the highest knee adductor JMOF in the back limb could raise joint reaction forces across the medial condyles. In single-leg balance postures, Warrior 3 had unique training effects on the hamstring, and is therefore suggested as a part of hamstring rehabilitation exercises. The Tree pose induced low lower-extremity JMOFs and a low level of thigh muscle activations when it was performed by senior instructors with excellent balance control; however, for yoga beginners with insufficient stability, it will be a useful training mode for strengthening the muscles that help to keep one upright. This study quantified the physical demands of yoga poses using biomechanical data and elucidated the structures and principles underlying each yoga movement. This is crucial for yoga practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Min Liu
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (A.-M.L.); (I.-H.C.); (H.-T.L.); (J.-M.L.)
| | - I-Hua Chu
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (A.-M.L.); (I.-H.C.); (H.-T.L.); (J.-M.L.)
| | - Hwai-Ting Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (A.-M.L.); (I.-H.C.); (H.-T.L.); (J.-M.L.)
| | - Jing-Min Liang
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (A.-M.L.); (I.-H.C.); (H.-T.L.); (J.-M.L.)
| | - Hsiu-Tao Hsu
- Center for Physical and Health Education, Si-Wan College, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Lan Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (A.-M.L.); (I.-H.C.); (H.-T.L.); (J.-M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2646)
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Rubega M, Formaggio E, Di Marco R, Bertuccelli M, Tortora S, Menegatti E, Cattelan M, Bonato P, Masiero S, Del Felice A. Cortical correlates in upright dynamic and static balance in the elderly. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14132. [PMID: 34238987 PMCID: PMC8266885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93556-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Falls are the second most frequent cause of injury in the elderly. Physiological processes associated with aging affect the elderly's ability to respond to unexpected balance perturbations, leading to increased fall risk. Every year, approximately 30% of adults, 65 years and older, experiences at least one fall. Investigating the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the control of static and dynamic balance in the elderly is an emerging research area. The study aimed to identify cortical and muscular correlates during static and dynamic balance tests in a cohort of young and old healthy adults. We recorded cortical and muscular activity in nine elderly and eight younger healthy participants during an upright stance task in static and dynamic (core board) conditions. To simulate real-life dual-task postural control conditions, the second set of experiments incorporated an oddball visual task. We observed higher electroencephalographic (EEG) delta rhythm over the anterior cortex in the elderly and more diffused fast rhythms (i.e., alpha, beta, gamma) in younger participants during the static balance tests. When adding a visual oddball, the elderly displayed an increase in theta activation over the sensorimotor and occipital cortices. During the dynamic balance tests, the elderly showed the recruitment of sensorimotor areas and increased muscle activity level, suggesting a preferential motor strategy for postural control. This strategy was even more prominent during the oddball task. Younger participants showed reduced cortical and muscular activity compared to the elderly, with the noteworthy difference of a preferential activation of occipital areas that increased during the oddball task. These results support the hypothesis that different strategies are used by the elderly compared to younger adults during postural tasks, particularly when postural and cognitive tasks are combined. The knowledge gained in this study could inform the development of age-specific rehabilitative and assistive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rubega
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padua, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Emanuela Formaggio
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padua, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Marco
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padua, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Margherita Bertuccelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padua, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Stefano Tortora
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padova, Italy, 35131
| | - Emanuele Menegatti
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padova, Italy, 35131
| | - Manuela Cattelan
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, 35121, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonato
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Stefano Masiero
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padua, Padova, 35128, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Alessandra Del Felice
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padua, Padova, 35128, Italy.
- Padova Neuroscience Center, Padova, 35128, Italy.
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The Influence of Walking Height and Width on the Gait. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:6675809. [PMID: 34257853 PMCID: PMC8249159 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6675809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Walking stability is an important factor that is related to working accidents at height. The understanding of the relationship between walking stability and walking conditions remains an unmet need. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of path height, width, and asymmetric conditions on the pressure and time information of the foot-ground interaction during walking. 12 subjects were required to walk at two height, three width, and asymmetric conditions. Plantar pressures during walking were measured with the F-scan insole sensors. The total pressures were normalized with body weight, and the temporal parameters were normalized with stance time. When the walking height increased, the plantar pressure at the "heel strike" phase did not change significantly, while that at "heel rise" and "toe off" phases significantly increased, and the "heel rise" occurred earlier, indicating a greater foot-ground interaction at the forefoot part of the sole. As the path width increased from 0.6 m to 1.2 m, the foot-ground interaction as well as the asymmetric effect approached to that of overground walking. The findings could help improve the risk assessment and footwear design.
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Jung J, Kim K, Choi S, Song G, Ryu Y, Kim C, Lim C. Movement Time of Lower Trunk Muscles during Dynamic Postural Control in Response to a Sudden Visual Stimulus during Walking: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18095015. [PMID: 34068484 PMCID: PMC8125989 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18095015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Postural control during walking is maintained by the combination of various factors. Among these factors, adjustment of trunk movement is essential for maintaining postural control, and the response of muscles to unpredictable stimuli affects postural control. Loss of balance while walking increases the risk of accidents, the frequency of which depends on age and sex. In this study, we investigated whether there was a difference in the movement time of trunk muscles to sudden stimulation while walking according to age and sex. Fourteen healthy individuals aged 20-30 years (6 men, 8 women) and 12 individuals aged 50-70 years (4 men, 8 women) were included in the study. Movement time of bilateral erector spinae and rectus abdominis muscles in response to visual stimulation during walking was examined using surface electromyography. Movement time was calculated as the total muscle activation time excluding the reaction time. This study revealed no significant differences in movement time of the erector spinae muscles according to sex or age. The role of the rectus abdominis muscles in maintaining posture during walking was insignificant. In conclusion, the movement time of trunk muscles in response to sudden visual stimulation during walking did not differ by age or sex, and the difference in accident frequency may be associated with deterioration of other factors required to maintain posture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Jung
- College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (J.J.); (S.C.); (G.S.)
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Korea
| | - Kewwan Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Arts and Physical Education, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea;
| | - Sungjae Choi
- College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (J.J.); (S.C.); (G.S.)
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Korea
| | - Gwangyu Song
- College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (J.J.); (S.C.); (G.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Korea
| | - Young Ryu
- Department of Physical Education, Graduate School of Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea;
| | - Cholhee Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Graduate School of Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea;
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (C.L.); Tel.: +82-32-820-4424 (C.L.); Fax: +82-32-820-4069 (C.L.)
| | - Chaegil Lim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (C.L.); Tel.: +82-32-820-4424 (C.L.); Fax: +82-32-820-4069 (C.L.)
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Rubega M, Di Marco R, Zampini M, Formaggio E, Menegatti E, Bonato P, Masiero S, Del Felice A. Muscular and cortical activation during dynamic and static balance in the elderly: A scoping review. AGING BRAIN 2021; 1:100013. [PMID: 36911521 PMCID: PMC9997172 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2021.100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Falls due to balance impairment are a major cause of injury and disability in the elderly. The study of neurophysiological correlates during static and dynamic balance tasks is an emerging area of research that could lead to novel rehabilitation strategies and reduce fall risk. This review aims to highlight key concepts and identify gaps in the current knowledge of balance control in the elderly that could be addressed by relying on surface electromyographic (EMG) and electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. The neurophysiological hypotheses underlying balance studies in the elderly as well as the methodologies, findings, and limitations of prior work are herein addressed. The literature shows: 1) a wide heterogeneity in the experimental procedures, protocols, and analyses; 2) a paucity of studies involving the investigation of cortical activity; 3) aging-related alterations of cortical activation during balance tasks characterized by lower cortico-muscular coherence and increased allocation of attentional control to postural tasks in the elderly; and 4) EMG patterns characterized by delayed onset after perturbations, increased levels of activity, and greater levels of muscle co-activation in the elderly compared to younger adults. EMG and EEG recordings are valuable tools to monitor muscular and cortical activity during the performance of balance tasks. However, standardized protocols and analysis techniques should be agreed upon and shared by the scientific community to provide reliable and reproducible results. This will allow researchers to gain a comprehensive knowledge on the neurophysiological changes affecting static and dynamic balance in the elderly and will inform the design of rehabilitative and preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rubega
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 5, 35128 Padova, IT, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Marco
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 5, 35128 Padova, IT, Italy
| | - Marianna Zampini
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 5, 35128 Padova, IT, Italy
| | - Emanuela Formaggio
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 5, 35128 Padova, IT, Italy
| | - Emanuele Menegatti
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, IT, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonato
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Stefano Masiero
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 5, 35128 Padova, IT, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, IT, Italy
| | - Alessandra Del Felice
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 5, 35128 Padova, IT, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, IT, Italy
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Nawrat-Szołtysik A, Miodońska Z, Zarzeczny R, Zając-Gawlak I, Opara J, Grzesińska A, Matyja B, Polak A. Osteoporosis in Polish Older Women: Risk Factors and Osteoporotic Fractures: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103725. [PMID: 32466196 PMCID: PMC7277764 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease. It is still not known which of the risk factors have the greatest impact on osteoporosis development. The study aimed to determine how the selected osteoporosis risk factors contribute to the development of the disease and to assess the risk of osteoporotic fractures in older women. Methods: A cohort of 99 older females was divided into two groups (with and without osteoporosis). The risk of osteoporosis was determined using assessment forms and bone densitometry data subjected to logistic regression. The risk of osteoporotic fractures was assessed by the FRAX tool (FRAX, Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield, UK). Results: The logistic regression analysis showed that the highest risk of developing osteoporosis associated with lifestyle, mainly cigarette smoking (odds ratio: OR = 2.12), past gynecological operations (OR = 1.46), corticosteroid therapies (OR = 1.38). More than half of participants were at a medium risk of femoral neck fractures (over 90% in the osteoporotic group). Conclusion: Most of the Polish women living in care facilities are at medium risk of low-energy fractures. Smoking appeared to have the strongest effect on osteoporosis among analyzed risk factors. The results may contribute to the creation of more appropriate prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Nawrat-Szołtysik
- Department of Physiotherapy in Internal Medicine, Faculty of Physiotherapy, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-793-481-081
| | - Zuzanna Miodońska
- Department of Informatics and Medical Devices, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Ryszard Zarzeczny
- Department of Physiology and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Izabela Zając-Gawlak
- Department of Theory and Methodology of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Józef Opara
- Department of Physiotherapy in Movement System and Development Age Diseases, Faculty of Physiotherapy, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland;
| | | | - Beata Matyja
- Center Saint Elizabeth, 41-700 Ruda Śląska, Poland;
| | - Anna Polak
- Department of Physiotherapy in Internal Medicine, Faculty of Physiotherapy, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland;
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