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Wei D, Yin J, Xia R, Jiang H, Ding Y, Luo X. Study on the coordinated development of urban competitiveness and energy-carbon emission reduction in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118689. [PMID: 38493847 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The urban competitiveness (UC) evaluation system is multidimensional and complex. This paper takes the simulated annealing (SA) model as the projection pursuit (PP) optimization to achieve a comprehensive assessment of competitiveness of 277 Chinese cities from 2011 to 2019, accompanied by energy saving and carbon-emission reduction (ESCER) as environmental measurements, to explore whether the two can meet the Porter hypothesis through coupling coordination degree (CCD). Further using spatiotemporal autocorrelation and obstacle degree model to uncover spatiotemporal features and interfering factors of coordinated development. Key findings include: (1) UC and ESCER show a slightly fluctuating upward trend during the research period, with apparent spatial variations. The eastern coastal region has a robust UC, while the less competitive central and western regions benefit from natural conditions, excelling in ESCER. (2) 87% of cities have achieved coordinated development between competitiveness and ESCER. Some coastal areas, often with a high CCD, are improving resource use efficiency and environmental benefits through economic agglomeration. From the perspective of the CCD collaboration network, the positive correlation accounts for about 85%, which reveals that most adjacent regions can cooperate on the road of coordinated development. (3) While differences exist in the coordinated development of UC-ESCER across various regions, social factors predominantly influence the obstacles affecting coordinated development. Specifically, a substantial barrier to the concordant progression of most cities is the number of patent applications, underscoring the pivotal role of innovation in aligning UC with ESCER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqi Wei
- College of Big Data Application and Economics, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Green Fintech, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jian Yin
- College of Big Data Application and Economics, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China; Center for China Western Modernization, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 55025, China; Key Laboratory of Green Fintech, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Ruici Xia
- College of Big Data Application and Economics, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Green Fintech, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hongtao Jiang
- College of Big Data Application and Economics, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Green Fintech, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yi Ding
- College of Big Data Application and Economics, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Green Fintech, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xinyuan Luo
- College of Big Data Application and Economics, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Green Fintech, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China
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He L, Du X, Zhao J, Chen H. Exploring the coupling coordination relationship of water resources, socio-economy and eco-environment in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170705. [PMID: 38325446 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Water resources (W), socio-economy (S), and eco-environment (E) have incredibly intricate linkages of interaction, and the coordination of them is crucial to the long-term sustainability of a nation. Thus, we considered "water resources, socio-economy, and eco-environment" (W-S-E) as a composite system and constructed an evaluation model to quantitatively analyze the coupling coordination degree (CCD) of W-S-E system in China from 2011 to 2020. Then, the spatial correlation characteristics were analyzed by using spatial autocorrelation method. To analyze the time evolution patterns of the W-S-E system, this paper divided the stages from the perspective of clustering, which is more scientific and interpretable than the CCD fixed-value division. We found that: (1) W subsystem, S subsystem and E subsystem were closely connected and its CCD was enhanced with relatively higher growth rates in the development of S subsystem but slower growth rates in the W subsystem. (2) The CCD of W-S-E system had spatial correlation. The areas with low CCD were concentrated in the west of China, forming poor coordinated development phenomena. Conversely, most of provinces had relatively high CCD in the east of China with the coastal region playing radiative driving function. (3) The temporal change of W-S-E system followed four transforming patterns including "policy-oriented type", "resource problems constraint type", "socio-economy leading type", and "special location controlling type". Furthermore, we also put forward some advice and policy suggestions. The findings provide research basis and guidance for the sustainable and coordinated development of water, society and ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying He
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China; Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, PR China
| | - Xinqiang Du
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, PR China.
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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Fan J, Abudumanan A, Wang L, Zhou D, Wang Z, Liu H. Dynamic Assessment and Sustainability Strategies of Ecological Security in the Irtysh River Basin of Xinjiang, China. CHINESE GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE 2023; 33:393-409. [PMID: 37260454 PMCID: PMC10007664 DOI: 10.1007/s11769-023-1347-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The drylands of China are extensive, and they are home to more than one-third of the country's population. However, the watershed territories of the drylands, where the majority of human activities are concentrated have long experienced strained human-land relationships, culminating in ecological security concerns. Correspondingly, it is essential to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the ecological security of dryland watersheds and to identify the key factors influencing ecological security in order to formulate strategies that ensure the sustainability of drylands. Premised on the Driving-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model, this study developed an ecological security index and applied it to the Irtysh River Basin of Xinjiang, China, from 2000 to 2020. The obstacle degree model was applied to reveal the obstacles in two dimensions: criterion level and indicator level. The findings suggested that the ecological security comprehensive index in the Irtysh River Basin has increased significantly from 2000 to 2020, irrespective of the fact that it decreased during the study period and then increased. The ecological security level changed from 'critically safe' in 2000 to 'general safety' in 2020, with the state subsystem and pressure subsystem becoming ecological security weaknesses. The primary factors influencing the ecological security of the study area were water consumption, the area of high-efficiency water-saving irrigation, the proportion of wetland area, vegetation coverage, and livestock population. The ecological security of different counties in the basin varies greatly, whereas the factors that influence ecological security showed both similarities and differences among the counties. In light of on the findings, we proposed that future strategies for ecological security enhancement should concentrate on enacting the policy of localizing spatial differentiation, optimizing industrial structure, strengthening scientific and technological support in the field of water conservation, bolstering the treatment capacity of environmental facilities, and implementing the Mountains-Rivers-Forests-Farmlands-Lakes-Grasslands System to support the sustainable development of dryland watersheds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fan
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Ahemaitihali Abudumanan
- School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Li Wang
- Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Daojing Zhou
- Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Hanchu Liu
- Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
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Yang Z, Li B, Nan B, Dai X, Peng C, Bi X. A methodological framework for assessing pastoral socio-ecological system vulnerability: A case study of Altay Prefecture in Central Asia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160828. [PMID: 36509271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Vulnerability analysis is important for enhancing sustainability, especially for highly interlinked pastoral socio-ecological systems. This study presents a modified methodological framework for assessing the vulnerability of pastoral socio-ecological systems based on the interactions between social and ecological subsystems and their vulnerabilities. Altay Prefecture (Northwest China), a typical pastoral area located in Central Asia, was chosen for the case study. The ecological vulnerability index (EVI) and socio-ecological vulnerability index (SEVI) of Altay Prefecture from 2001 to 2018 were assessed and classified into five levels. The results showed that the distribution pattern of EVI was spatially heterogeneous, with EVI increasing from north to south and from west to east. The EVI was high in low-altitude deserts, decreased with altitude rising from 1300 m to 2200 m, and increased when the altitude exceeded 2200 m. The average EVI increased from 2001 to 2010 and decreased from 2010 to 2018, with the highest EVI in 2010 and the lowest in 2018. The SEVI of western counties was lower than that of eastern counties; the SEVI of all counties continuously decreased from 2001 to 2018, with a higher rate from 2010 to 2018. Social adaptive capacity, increased by the policies that aim at protecting grasslands and improving livelihoods, was the main influencing factor of the SEVI dynamic. These results will help to identify key areas with high EVI for grassland ecosystem management and strengthen the adaptive capacity for addressing vulnerability. Furthermore, the presented methodological framework can be adopted in vulnerability assessments of similar pastoral areas or natural resource-based socio-ecological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Yang
- School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Bo Nan
- College of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Xuhuan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chenchen Peng
- School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xu Bi
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Duan T, Feng J, Chang X, Li Y. Watershed health assessment using the coupled integrated multistatistic analyses and PSIR framework. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157523. [PMID: 35905965 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantitatively assessing watershed health under anthropogenic activities and management responses is important for the scientific planning and management of watersheds. The current research on watershed health assessments insufficiently reflects watershed scale information from different dimensions, which leads to the incomplete understanding of watersheds and thus the lack of systematic management. This study investigated the health status in the Chaohu Lake watershed (CLW) based on monthly sampling data at 46 river sites in 2018. Watershed health assessment comprehensively considered four dimensions including socioeconomic and natural pressures, nonpoint pollution export, river water quality and management responses with the pressure-state-impact-response (PSIR) framework. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and variance partitioning analysis (VPA) were integrated to further quantify the inter-relationships among the variables of each PSIR index. An obstacle degree model was applied to examine the factors of mainly affecting the status of watershed health. The results showed that phosphorus, nitrogen and sediment exports of CLW increased more and river water quality in CLW worsened due to socioeconomic and natural pressures. Water quality improvement effectively responds to increasing woodland and grassland. Compared with natural factors, phosphorus, nitrogen and sediment exports had closer relationships with the pressures from socioeconomic activities. Moreover, socioeconomic pressures explained more changes in phosphorus and nitrogen exports, while natural factors explained relatively more changes in sediment exports. Phosphorus, nitrogen and sediment exports and woodland and grassland coverage explained <35 % of the variation in river water quality. Additionally, the obstacle degrees of pressures and phosphorus, nitrogen and sediment exports were lower, and the obstacle degrees of river water quality and woodland and grassland coverage were higher in urban sub-watersheds, which was the opposite in agricultural sub-watersheds. This research provides a new evaluation framework of watershed health and its obstacle factors, which is crucial to improve watershed health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jiashen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xuan Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yingxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
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Wang H, Ye H, Liu L, Li J. Evaluation and Obstacle Analysis of Emergency Response Capability in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10200. [PMID: 36011853 PMCID: PMC9407976 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Emergency response capability evaluation is an essential means to strengthen emergency response capacity-building and improve the level of government administration. Based on the whole life cycle of emergency management, the emergency capability evaluation index system is constructed from four aspects: prevention and emergency preparedness, monitoring and early warning, emergency response and rescue, and recovery and reconstruction. Firstly, the entropy method is applied to measure the emergency response capability level of 31 Chinese provinces from 2011 to 2020. Second, the Theil index and ESDA (Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis) are applied in exploring the regional differences and spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of China's emergency response capacity. Finally, the obstacle degree model is used to explore the obstacle factors and obstacle degrees that affect the emergency response capability. The results show that: (1) The average value of China's emergency response capacity is 0.277, with a steady growth trend and a gradient distribution of "high in the east, low in the west, and average in center and northeast" in the four major regions. (2) From the perspective of spatial distribution characteristics, the unbalanced regional development leads to the obvious aggregation effect of "high-efficiency aggregation and low-efficiency aggregation", and the interaction of the "centripetal effect" and "centrifugal effect" finally forms the spatial clustering result of emergency response capability level in China. (3) Examining the source of regional differences, inter-regional differences are the decisive factor affecting the overall differences in emergency response capability, and the inter-regional differences show a reciprocating fluctuation of narrowing-widening-narrowing from 2011 to 2020. (4) Main obstacles restricting the improvement of China's emergency response capabilities are "the business volume of postal and telecommunication services per capita", "the daily disposal capacity of city sewage" and "the general public budget revenue by region". The extent of the obstacles' impacts in 2020 are 12.19%, 7.48%, and 7.08%, respectively. Based on the evaluation results, the following countermeasures are proposed: to realize the balance of each stage of emergency management during the holistic process; to strengthen emergency coordination and balanced regional development; and to implement precise measures to make up for the shortcomings of emergency response capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiquan Wang
- School of Politics and Public Administration, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Hong Ye
- School of Foreign Studies, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jixia Li
- School of Government, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Kan D, Ye X, Lyu L, Huang W. Study on the Coupling Coordination between New-Type Urbanization and Water Ecological Environment and Its Driving Factors: Evidence from Jiangxi Province, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9998. [PMID: 36011630 PMCID: PMC9408538 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of urbanization, problems such as the degradation of water ecological environment have emerged. How to improve the water ecological environment in the process of urbanization has become one of the urgent problems facing policy makers. This paper studies the coupling coordination relationship between new-type urbanization and water ecological environment, with the purpose of using insights gained from the study to help improve the quality of water ecological environment and promote sustainable development of water ecological environment. We take 11 cities in China's Jiangxi Province as the research object, and construct the coupling coordination evaluation indicator system of new-type urbanization and water ecological environment, then using the coupling coordination degree model to examine the state of coupling coordination between new-type urbanization and water ecological environment from 2009 to 2019. We further explore its driving factors employing random effect panel Tobit model. The results show that: (1) The level of new-type urbanization in Jiangxi Province shows a steady upward trend, and the water ecological environment level tends to rise steadily and slowly, although the comprehensive score of water ecological environment in most cities is lower than 0.1, indicating that the situation of water ecological environment is not optimal yet and there is room for improvement. (2) In 2009, 2014 and 2019, the coupling coordination development level between new-type urbanization and water ecological environment in Jiangxi Province showed an upward trend, from moderate maladjustment recession to mild maladjustment recession, and from low coupling coordination to moderate coupling coordination, although the overall coupling coordination degree was low. (3) The investment in scientific and technological innovation, degree of opening-up and government capacity are positively correlated with the coupling coordination degree, while economic development level, resource agglomeration ability, education level and industrialization level are negatively correlated with the coupling coordination degree. These results can provide insights to support new-type urbanization and water ecological environment in the future, and hold great significance for urban sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxue Kan
- School of Economics and Trade, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, China
| | - Xinya Ye
- Business Administration College, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, China
| | - Lianju Lyu
- School of Economics and Trade, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, China
| | - Weichiao Huang
- Department of Economics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5330, USA
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Spatial Matching Analysis and Development Strategies of County Night-Time Economy: A Case of Anning County, Yunnan Province. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14094891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The Chinese government regards the night-time economy as one of the essential means to expand domestic demand and enhance sustainable economic development. Scientifically choosing the night-time economic development path of the suburban counties of the Chinese metropolis (SCCM) and proposing a reasonable spatial matching planning strategy is an urgent problem for Chinese local governments. This study takes Anning county, a suburban Kunming metropolitan area, as the research area. Using Python to capture multi-spatial data, such as POI and Baidu heatmap, we use ArcGIS spatial analysis and statistical tools to show the spatial distribution characteristics of the night-time economic formats in Anning County. At the same time, the spatial coupling coordination model is used to calculate the coupling coordination degree of the night-time economic formats distribution and comprehensive traffic distribution (D1), night-time economic formats distribution and night-crowd vitality (D2), and the spatial coupling coordination of the three (D3). It is divided into five spatial matching levels and analyzes the shortage of night-time economic development in each subdistrict. The research results show that the spatial development of the night-time economy in Anning county is unbalanced at the current stage. The northern part of the county has a good development trend, and the Lianran subdistrict has the highest coupling coordination degree (0.995). In contrast, the southern part of the county has the lowest coupling coordination degree due to a lack of economic formats and traffic restrictions (0.115). According to the subdistricts’ differences, the sustainable development strategy of the county’s night-time economy should be formulated from the perspective of the long-term development of metropolitan areas. We hope that this research can provide valuable inspiration and a development reference for relevant countries and regions to stimulate the sustainable power of the night-time economy.
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Li Z, Wu J, Cui X, Mi Z, Peng L. Assessment and influencing factors analysis of economic system vulnerability of the Belt and Road Initiative countries. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262611. [PMID: 35030212 PMCID: PMC8759676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Economic vulnerability is an important indicator to measure regional coordination, health and stability. Despite the importance of vulnerabilities, this is the first study that presents 26 indicators selected from the dimensions of the domestic economic system, external economic system and financial system in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries. A quantitative analysis is conducted to analyze the characteristics of spatial heterogeneity of vulnerability of the economic subsystems and the comprehensive economic system of the BRI countries and the main influencing factors of the comprehensive economic system vulnerability (CESV) are identified based on obstacle degree model. The results show that the CESV of the East Asia, South Asia and ASEAN countries are lower than that of the Middle Eastern Europe, Central Asia and West Asia countries. The CESV of the BRI countries are generally in the middle level and the average vulnerability index of highly vulnerable countries is twice as much as that of lowly vulnerable countries. In addition, in terms of the vulnerability of the three subsystems, the spatial distribution of vulnerability of the domestic economic system (DESV) and financial system (FSV) is basically consistent with the spatial distribution pattern of CESV, both of which are low in East Asia and South Asia and high in West Asia and Central Asia. While, the vulnerability of external economic system (EESV) shows a different spatial pattern, with vulnerability of West Asia, Central Asia and ASEAN higher than that of East Asia and South Asia. The main obstacle factors influencing the CESV of BRI countries include GDP growth rate, saving ratio, ratio of bank capital to assets, service industry level, industrialization level and loan rate. Therefore, the key way to maintain the stability and mitigate the vulnerability of the economic system of BRI countries is to focus on the macroeconomic development and operation, stimulate the economy and market vitality, promote the development of industries, especially the service and secondary industries, and optimize the economic structure, banking system and financial system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences, CAS-HEC, Islamabad, Pakistan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (ZL); (XC)
| | - Jia Wu
- College of Geomatics, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- College of Geomatics, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (ZL); (XC)
| | - Zhaojuan Mi
- College of Geomatics, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences, CAS-HEC, Islamabad, Pakistan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ma X, Li N, Yang H, Li Y. Exploring the relationship between urbanization and water environment based on coupling analysis in Nanjing, East China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:4654-4667. [PMID: 34410598 PMCID: PMC8374037 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of water environment (WE) has constrained the sustainable development of cities, while the rapid urbanization also exacerbates water environment change. However, the complicated relationship between urbanization and WE is far from clearly understood. In this study, a comprehensive index system for urbanization and WE was applied along with the System Index Evaluation Model (SIEM) and a Coupling Coordination Degree Model (CCDM) to analyze the coupling between urbanization and WE in Nanjing, East China, from 1990 to 2018. The comprehensive index of urbanization increased from 0.0392 in 1990 to 0.9890 in 2018, showing a clear increasing trend. Demographic and spatial urbanization made the largest contribution to urbanization development from 1990 to 2010, while economic urbanization became the largest contributor to urbanization development between 2011 and 2018. Under the combined effects of pressure, state, and response subsystems, the comprehensive WE index showed an upward trend with some fluctuations from 1990 to 2018. The degree of coupling coordination between urbanization and WE displayed an overall upward tendency, growing from 0.18 in 1990 to 0.95 in 2018. The coupling coordination state transitioned from a serious imbalance during the low coupling period (1990-1992) into the superior coordination of the highly coupled period (2011-2018). With the continuous urbanization in the future, in addition to ensuring the optimal management of surface water, protection of groundwater should be reinforced. The results advance our understanding of the dynamic relationship between urbanization and WE and provide important implications for urban planning and water resource protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Ma
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, 210013, China.
| | - Nimuzi Li
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, 210013, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK.
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, 210013, China
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Identifying and Mapping the Responses of Ecosystem Services to Land Use Change in Rapidly Urbanizing Regions: A Case Study in Foshan City, China. REMOTE SENSING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/rs13214374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Rapid urbanization has degraded some important ecosystem services and threatens socioeconomic sustainability. Although many studies have focused on the effect of urbanization on ecosystem services, the effect and its threshold have not been well-identified spatially. In this study, we propose a research framework by integrating nighttime light data, the InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Environmental Service and Tradeoffs) model, and a spatial response index to characterize the response of ecosystem services to rapid urbanization. We considered Foshan City as a case study to explore the effect of rapid urbanization on ecosystem services during 2000–2018. Our results showed that rapid urbanization resulted in a 49.13% reduction in agricultural production and a 10.13% reduction in habitat quality. The spatial response index of agricultural production, habitat quality, soil retention, water yield, and carbon sequestration were 14.25%, 2.94%, 0.04%, 0.78%, and 0.07%, respectively. We found that developing urban areas had the highest spatial response index, indicating that this area was the crucial area for future land management. We consider that our research framework can help identify the key areas affected by rapid urbanization. Visualizing the spatial response index and extracting the threshold for different levels of urbanization will be conducive to sustainable urban management and planning.
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12
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Spatial-Temporal Coupling Coordination Relationship between Urbanization and Green Development in the Coastal Cities of China. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13105339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of urbanization, coastal cities of China have made significant achievements in economic development. However, the eco-environment of these cities has been under tremendous pressure due to the interference of human activities. Therefore, it is of great significance to find the interrelationship between urbanization and regional development. As an environmental-friendly and social-inclusive way of economic growth, the level of green development (GD) represents the comprehensive status of regional economic, social, and ecological development. As few researchers have studied the relationship between urbanization and GD, especially in the coastal areas, this paper detailed an empirical investigation into the spatio-temporal variations of the coupling and coordination relationship between urbanization and GD in the coastal cities of China. The results showed that: (1) the coupling and coordination relationship is constantly improving, especially in big cities such as Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou, all of which have entered into coordination development stage; (2) small prefecture-level cities, mostly agglomerated in the northeast and southwest of China, most of which lagged in urbanization, are still in the maladjusted coordination stage; (3) the contribution to the coordination relationship between urbanization and GD mainly comes from the industrial structure optimization and urbanization. However, at present the eco-environmental protection is not enough to support the coordination development between the two systems. Based on the findings of this paper, a series of policy implications for improving the coordination development between urbanization and GD is proposed.
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Urban Water Inclusive Sustainability: Evidence from 38 Cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13042068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ecological environment of urban water resources in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) is in a huge challenge; yet, while myriad studies have investigated the carrying capacity or sustainable utilization of Chinese water resources, few to none have looked at the inclusive sustainable development of water resources. In this article, a new concept of urban water inclusive sustainability (UWIS) is firstly proposed, and the conceptual framework of ASFII and a five-dimensional indicator system are developed, integrating availability, sustainability, friendliness, inclusiveness and innovation. The panel data of 38 cities in the YREB are adopted from 2008 to 2018 to measure UWIS and five development indexes by the TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) and entropy method. Moreover, the characteristics of the temporal–spatial evolution of the overall system and subsystems coupling coordination are described using the coupling coordination degree model. Key factors that hinder UWIS are identified through the obstacle degree model. The results indicate that the overall UWIS showed a gradual upward trend at a lower to medium level from 2008 to 2018 and a friendliness > sustainability > inclusiveness > innovation > availability index. The UWIS from high to low is YRDUA (Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration), MRYRUA (middle reaches of the Yangtze River urban agglomeration) and CCUA (Chengdu–Chongqing urban agglomeration). The 38 cities are in low-level coordination, and their temporal characteristics show a trend of economy > science and technology > water resources > environment > societal system, YRDUA > MRYRUA > CCUA. The spatial differentiation is manifested as high in the east and low in the west. The main obstacles come from 12 factors, such as the water resources utilization rate, etc. The findings of our study will be a scientific reference for the Chinese government to track UWIS and ensure urban water resources security in the YREB.
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Spatio-Temporal Coupling Coordination Analysis between Urbanization and Water Resource Carrying Capacity of the Provinces in the Yellow River Basin, China. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13030376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid expansion of the Chinese economy in recent years, the urbanization process of the provinces in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) has put serious pressure on the sustainability of the water resources carrying capacity (WRCC). It is necessary to analyze and diagnose the coordination state between urbanization and the WRCC. In this study, based on the Population-Economic-Social-Spatial (PESS) framework and Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model, we developed two index systems for the urbanization and WRCC, respectively. At the basis of the two index systems, the coupling coordination degree (CCD) of the two systems is calculated by applying the improved CCD model. Based on the calculated CCD for each province, the spatio-temporal analysis was performed to analyze the characteristics of CCD in the YRB. The obstacle factor model is utilized to obtain the main obstacle factors. The results show that: (1) the coordination state between the urbanization and WRCC systems was improved to some extent in 2017, compared to 2008, but there are differences in the coordination state of the different provinces in the YRB. (2) In terms of the level of urbanization, the gap between the seven provinces’ performance levels widened because urbanization grew at different rates. The WRCC system’s performance presented a fluctuating downward trend from 2008 to 2017 in the YRB. (3) The pressure subsystem had a significant impact on the two systems’ coordination state in the YRB, while the social urbanization and response subsystem had a less significant impact on the urbanization system and the WRCC system, respectively. Due to the growth of urbanization, the imbalanced development of the WRCC and urbanization has become the principal contradiction that must be solved in order to achieve sustainability in the YRB. The analysis of the coupling relationship between urbanization and WRCC may guide the policy makers in planning for realistic goals. The results provide a guide for high-quality development in the YRB.
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Research on the Coupling Coordination Relationships between Urban Function Mixing Degree and Urbanization Development Level Based on Information Entropy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:ijerph18010242. [PMID: 33396250 PMCID: PMC7794718 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of urbanization, the blind expansion of urban space has led to a series of social problems. In this process, the degree of urban function mixing affects the urbanization development level, making it particularly important to study the degree of coupling coordination between the two aspects. In this paper, taking Beijing as an example, we use urban point of interest (POI) data and taxi GPS trajectory data to calculate the urban POIs' spatial entropy and taxis' temporal entropy, based on the information entropy. We use the POIs' spatial entropy and taxis' temporal entropy to measure the urban function mixing degree. Also, the model of coupling coordination degree is used to measure the degree of coupling coordination between the urban function mixing degree and the urbanization development level. The results indicate the following: First, the POIs' spatial entropy and taxis' temporal entropy have significant regional imbalances. On the whole, both show a declining pattern when moving from the central urban area to the outer suburbs. The urban function mixing degree and urbanization development level are also higher in the central urban area than in the outer suburbs. Second, the coupling coordination among the urbanization development level, POIs' spatial entropy, and taxis' temporal entropy is distributed unevenly across various regions, which means that the three types of coupling coordination are in balanced development in the central urban area, but in unbalanced development in the outer suburbs. Third, from the perspective of spatial correlation characteristics, the higher is the degree of spatial agglomeration, the higher are the urban function mixing degree and urbanization development level, and the higher is the coupling coordination degree among the urbanization development level, POIs' spatial entropy, and taxis' temporal entropy. Therefore, relevant departments should plan the construction of urban functional areas reasonably, according to the degree of coupling coordination between the urban function mixing degree and the urbanization development level in different regions, so as to realize the healthy and sustainable development of a city.
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Geng Y, Zhang H. Coordination assessment of environment and urbanization: Hunan case. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:637. [PMID: 32920681 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The process of urbanization promotes the development of economy and society, and also brings great pressure to the environment. In order to better understand the harmonious and interactive relationship between environment and urbanization, by selecting 13 cities in Hunan province of China as cases, this paper establishes a correlation model and a comprehensive evaluation system, uses entropy weight method to weight the index, the coupling coordination model to analyze the coupling coordination relationships empirically, and gray prediction model to predict the trend and make corresponding decision recommendations. The results show with novelty that the overall performances of environment and urbanization for the 13 cities in Hunan province have similarities, the coupling coordination degrees are mild with slight fluctuations, and the next years will keep the similar trends. However, the coupling coordination development is unbalanced with the coupling degree of the east higher than that of the west; therefore, corresponding measures for better environmental governance and urban planning need to be taken in different cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Geng
- School of Business, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Business, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai, China.
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Exploring the Relationship between Urbanization and Ecological Environment Using Remote Sensing Images and Statistical Data: A Case Study in the Yangtze River Delta, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12145620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid urban development in China, urbanization has brought more and more pressure on the ecological environment. As one of the most dynamic, open, and innovative regions in China, the eco-environmental issues in the Yangtze River Delta have attracted much attention. This paper takes the central region of the Yangtze River Delta as the research object, through building the index system of urbanization and ecological environment based on statistical data and two new indicators (fraction of vegetation coverage and surface urban heat island intensity) extracted from remote sensing images, uses the Entropy-TOPSIS method to complete the comprehensive assessment, and then analyzes the coupling coordination degree between the urbanization and ecological environment and main obstacle factors. The results showed that the coupling coordination degree in the study region generally shows an upward trend from 0.604 in 2008 to 0.753 in 2017, generally changing from an imbalanced state towards a basically balanced state. However, regional imbalance of urbanization and ecological environment always exists, which is mainly affected by social urbanization, economic urbanization, landscape urbanization, pollution loading and resource consumption. Finally, on the basis of the obstacle factor analysis, some specific suggestions for promoting the coordinated development of the Yangtze River Delta are put forward.
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Regional Water Resources Security Evaluation Based on a Hybrid Fuzzy BWM-TOPSIS Method. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17144987. [PMID: 32664379 PMCID: PMC7399815 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17144987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, water resource security is becoming increasingly prominent, and this problem is a primary bottleneck restricting China’s future sustainable development. It is difficult to come to a unified conclusion on water resources security, and applications of highly feasible evaluation methods are lacking in practice. In this paper, a novel evaluation methodology is proposed for regional water resources security evaluation. First, water security is divided into two aspects: water quantity security and water quality security. The disposal rate of harmless household garbage, the excellent water resources proportion, and the functional water body loss proportion are creatively considered as indicators of water quality security in the evaluation system. In addition, a Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method is used to evaluate the water security levels in different regions. For distinguishing the importance of different indicators, a Best–Worst Method (BWM) is employed to calculate the indicator weights, as triangular fuzzy linguistic sets can more flexibly describe the preferences of decision makers (DMs) regarding the indicators; therefore, it is embedded in BWM to determine indicator weights. Moreover, the fuzzy BWM-TOPSIS method is applied to evaluate the water security levels of six regions in North China, a comparison analysis with the equal weight TOPSIS method as well as the fuzzy BWM-AHP method, and a sensitivity analysis for indicator weights are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of this proposed method. Finally, some suggestions based on the evaluation results are given for effective and rational utilization of water resources in North China.
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