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Reviriego-Rodrigo E, Ibargoyen-Roteta N, Carreguí-Vilar S, Mediavilla-Serrano L, Uceira-Rey S, Iglesias-Casás S, Martín-Casado A, Toledo-Chávarri A, Ares-Mateos G, Montero-Carcaboso S, Castelló-Zamora B, Burgos-Alonso N, Moreno-Rodríguez A, Hernández-Tejada N, Koetsenruyter C. Experiences of water immersion during childbirth: a qualitative thematic synthesis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:395. [PMID: 37248449 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05690-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing demand for childbirth care based on physiological principles has led official bodies to encourage health centers to provide evidence-based care aimed at promoting women's participation in informed decision-making and avoiding excessive medical intervention during childbirth. One of the goals is to reduce pain and find alternative measures to epidural anesthesia to enhance women's autonomy and well-being during childbirth. Currently, water immersion is used as a non-pharmacological method for pain relief. This review aimed to identify and synthesize evidence on women's and midwives' experiences, values, and preferences regarding water immersion during childbirth. METHODS A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence were conducted. Databases were searched and references were checked according to specific criteria. Studies that used qualitative data collection and analysis methods to examine the opinions of women or midwives in the hospital setting were included. Non-qualitative studies, mixed-methods studies that did not separately report qualitative results, and studies in languages other than English or Spanish were excluded. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program Qualitative Research Checklist was used to assess study quality, and results were synthesized using thematic synthesis. RESULTS Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The qualitative studies yielded three key themes: 1) reasons identified by women and midwives for choosing a water birth, 2) benefits experienced in water births, and 3) barriers and facilitators of water immersion during childbirth. CONCLUSIONS The evidence from qualitative studies indicates that women report benefits associated with water birth. From the perspective of midwives, ensuring safe water births requires adequate resources, midwives training, and rigorous standardized protocols to ensure that all pregnant women can safely opt for water immersion during childbirth with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Reviriego-Rodrigo
- Osteba, Health Technology Assessment, Knowledge Management and Evaluation, Basque Foundation for Health Innovation and Research (BIOEF), Barakaldo-Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - N Ibargoyen-Roteta
- Osteba, Health Technology Assessment, Knowledge Management and Evaluation, Basque Foundation for Health Innovation and Research (BIOEF), Barakaldo-Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - A Martín-Casado
- Universidad Internacional de La Rioja UNIR, Logroño-La Rioja, Spain
| | - A Toledo-Chávarri
- Canary Islands Health Research Institute Foundation, Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), The Spanish Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment and Services of the National Health System (RedETS), Madrid, Spain
| | - G Ares-Mateos
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - B Castelló-Zamora
- Documentary of the Department of Health of the Basque Government, Territorial Delegation of Health of Bizkaia, Bilbao, Spain
| | - N Burgos-Alonso
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, UPV/EHU, ES, Leioa, Spain
| | | | | | - C Koetsenruyter
- Mayan Center, Maternity, Yoga and Accompaniment, Bilbao, Spain
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Poder TG, carrier N, Camden C, Roy M. Women's preferences for water immersion during labor and birth: Results from a discrete choice experiment. Midwifery 2022; 114:103451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2022.103451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhang G, Yang Q. Comparative Efficacy of Water and Conventional Delivery during Labour: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:7429207. [PMID: 35392147 PMCID: PMC8983243 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7429207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In many maternal settings, water delivery is widely available for women who do not have an increased risk of complications during childbirth. Soaking in water during labor has been associated with a number of maternal benefits. However, the situation of water birth is not well known, there is lack of hard evidence on safety, and little is known about the characteristics of women who give birth in water. In this paper, we have explored the effects of water delivery compared to the conventional delivery on the health of mothers and babies. For this purpose, clinical trials were conducted including women in labor, in which participants were treated with water labor or conventional labor, respectively, in the experimental and control group. In this analysis, we have selected 17 eligible studies which included 175654 participants. Compared to the conventional birth group, the risk of Apgar score <7 at 5 min of age in the water birth group dropped by 28% (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.52-1.00, I 2 = 25%, P=0.05). Also, the duration of labor was shorter the in water birth group whatever the labor stage was. The patients who underwent water birth showed an obviously lower rate of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.39-0.86, I 2 = 53%, P=0.007). In this meta-analysis, it was seen that water delivery has clinical significance in alleviating the pain of mothers, promoting the safety of mothers and infants, and reducing postpartum complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanran Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qiuhong Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250001, China
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
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