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Aure MH, Symonds JM, Villapudua CU, Dodge JT, Werner S, Knosp WM, Hoffman MP. FGFR2 is essential for salivary gland duct homeostasis and MAPK-dependent seromucous acinar cell differentiation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6485. [PMID: 37838739 PMCID: PMC10576811 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Exocrine acinar cells in salivary glands (SG) are critical for oral health and loss of functional acinar cells is a major clinical challenge. Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) are essential for early development of multiple organs, including SG. However, the role of FGFR signaling in specific populations later in development and during acinar differentiation are unknown. Here, we use scRNAseq and conditional deletion of murine FGFRs in vivo to identify essential roles for FGFRs in craniofacial, early SG development and progenitor function during duct homeostasis. Importantly, we also discover that FGFR2 via MAPK signaling is critical for seromucous acinar differentiation and secretory gene expression, while FGFR1 is dispensable. We show that FGF7, expressed by myoepithelial cells (MEC), activates the FGFR2-dependent seromucous transcriptional program. Here, we propose a model where MEC-derived FGF7 drives seromucous acinar differentiation, providing a rationale for targeting FGFR2 signaling in regenerative therapies to restore acinar function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit H Aure
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Jennifer M Symonds
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carlos U Villapudua
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joshua T Dodge
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sabine Werner
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wendy M Knosp
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew P Hoffman
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Yang L, Ma J, Lei P, Yi J, Ma Y, Huang Z, Wang T, Ping H, Ruan D, Sun D, Pan H. Advances in Antioxidant Applications for Combating 131I Side Effects in Thyroid Cancer Treatment. TOXICS 2023; 11:529. [PMID: 37368629 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer, and its prevalence has been increasing for decades. Approx. 95% of differentiated thyroid carcinomas are treated using 131iodine (131I), a radionuclide with a half-life of 8 days, to achieve optimal thyroid residual ablation following thyroidectomy. However, while 131I is highly enriched in eliminating thyroid tissue, it can also retain and damage other body parts (salivary glands, liver, etc.) without selectivity, and even trigger salivary gland dysfunction, secondary cancer, and other side effects. A significant amount of data suggests that the primary mechanism for these side effects is the excessive production of reactive oxygen species, causing a severe imbalance of oxidant/antioxidant in the cellular components, resulting in secondary DNA damage and abnormal vascular permeability. Antioxidants are substances that are capable of binding free radicals and reducing or preventing the oxidation of the substrate in a significant way. These compounds can help prevent damage caused by free radicals, which can attack lipids, protein amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and double bonds of DNA bases. Based on this, the rational utilization of the free radical scavenging function of antioxidants to maximize a reduction in 131I side effects is a promising medical strategy. This review provides an overview of the side effects of 131I, the mechanisms by which 131I causes oxidative stress-mediated damage, and the potential of natural and synthetic antioxidants in ameliorating the side effects of 131I. Finally, the disadvantages of the clinical application of antioxidants and their improving strategies are prospected. Clinicians and nursing staff can use this information to alleviate 131I side effects in the future, both effectively and reasonably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Jiahui Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Pengyu Lei
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jia Yi
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yilei Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhongke Huang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Tingjue Wang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Haiyan Ping
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Danping Ruan
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Da Sun
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hongying Pan
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
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Honma R, I T, Seki M, Iwatake M, Ogaeri T, Hasegawa K, Ohba S, Tran SD, Asahina I, Sumita Y. Immunomodulatory Macrophages Enable E-MNC Therapy for Radiation-Induced Salivary Gland Hypofunction. Cells 2023; 12:1417. [PMID: 37408251 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A newly developed therapy using effective-mononuclear cells (E-MNCs) is reportedly effective against radiation-damaged salivary glands (SGs) due to anti-inflammatory and revascularization effects. However, the cellular working mechanism of E-MNC therapy in SGs remains to be elucidated. In this study, E-MNCs were induced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) by culture for 5-7 days in medium supplemented with five specific recombinant proteins (5G-culture). We analyzed the anti-inflammatory characteristics of macrophage fraction of E-MNCs using a co-culture model with CD3/CD28-stimulated PBMNCs. To test therapeutic efficacy in vivo, either E-MNCs or E-MNCs depleted of CD11b-positive cells were transplanted intraglandularly into mice with radiation-damaged SGs. Following transplantation, SG function recovery and immunohistochemical analyses of harvested SGs were assessed to determine if CD11b-positive macrophages contributed to tissue regeneration. The results indicated that CD11b/CD206-positive (M2-like) macrophages were specifically induced in E-MNCs during 5G-culture, and Msr1- and galectin3-positive cells (immunomodulatory macrophages) were predominant. CD11b-positive fraction of E-MNCs significantly inhibited the expression of inflammation-related genes in CD3/CD28-stimulated PBMNCs. Transplanted E-MNCs exhibited a therapeutic effect on saliva secretion and reduced tissue fibrosis in radiation-damaged SGs, whereas E-MNCs depleted of CD11b-positive cells and radiated controls did not. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed HMGB1 phagocytosis and IGF1 secretion by CD11b/Msr1-positive macrophages from both transplanted E-MNCs and host M2-macrophages. Thus, the anti-inflammatory and tissue-regenerative effects observed in E-MNC therapy against radiation-damaged SGs can be partly explained by the immunomodulatory effect of M2-dominant macrophage fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Honma
- Department of Medical Research and Development for Oral Disease, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
- Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Takashi I
- Department of Medical Research and Development for Oral Disease, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | | | - Mayumi Iwatake
- Department of Medical Research and Development for Oral Disease, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Takunori Ogaeri
- Department of Medical Research and Development for Oral Disease, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Kayo Hasegawa
- Department of Medical Research and Development for Oral Disease, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Seigo Ohba
- Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Simon D Tran
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Izumi Asahina
- Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Sumita
- Department of Medical Research and Development for Oral Disease, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
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Kim JW, Kim JM, Choi ME, Jeon EJ, Park JM, Kim YM, Choi JS. Adiponectin is associated with inflammaging and age-related salivary gland lipid accumulation. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:1840-1858. [PMID: 36988495 PMCID: PMC10085617 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Dry mouth is frequently observed in the elderly, and enhanced lipid accumulation plays a critical role in cellular senescence in the salivary gland (SG). We investigated the mechanisms that mediate lipogenesis-associated SG senescence. Adult (28.6 ± 6.6 y.o. and 43.3 ± 1.5 y.o.) and aged (82.0 ± 4.3 y.o. and 88.0 ± 4.3 y.o.) human parotid and submandibular glands were compared with respect to histologic findings, 8-OHdG (8-hydroxy 2 deoxyguanosine) expression patterns, TUNEL (Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling) and SA-β-gal (senescence-associated β-galactosidase) assay results. Also, microarray analysis was performed on RNA extracted from adult and aged SG to identify DEGs (differentially expressed genes). The effects of silencing ADIPOQ (Adiponectin) were evaluated by quantifying cell proliferation, immunohistochemical staining for cellular senescence and inflammation-associated proteins, SA-β-gal assays, RT-PCR, and western blot. Histological findings demonstrated the presence of more lipocytes, chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and lymphocytic infiltration in old SG. In addition, old tissues demonstrated higher expressions of SA-β-gal, more apoptotic cells in TUNEL assays, and higher oxidative stress by 8-OHdG immunostaining. Microarray analysis showed lipogenesis was significantly upregulated in old tissues. Silencing of ADIPOQ (a lipogenesis-related gene) reduced inflammation and SA-β-gal levels and increased cell proliferation and the expressions of amylase and aquaporin 5 in human SG epithelial cells. The study shows ADIPOQ is a potential target molecule for the modulation of lipogenesis associated with SG senescence.
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Aure MH, Symonds JM, Villapudua CU, Dodge JT, Werner S, Knosp WM, Hoffman MP. FGFR2b is essential for salivary gland duct homeostasis and MAPK-dependent seromucous acinar cell differentiation. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2557484. [PMID: 36824936 PMCID: PMC9949235 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2557484/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Exocrine secretory acinar cells in salivary glands (SG) are critical for oral health and loss of functional acinar cells is a major clinical challenge. Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) are essential for early development of multiple organs, including SG. However, the role of FGFR signaling in specific epithelial SG populations later in development and during acinar differentiation are unknown. Here, we predicted FGFR dependence in specific populations using scRNAseq data and conditional mouse models to delete FGFRs in vivo. We identifed essential roles for FGFRs in craniofacial and early SG development, as well as progenitor function during duct homeostasis. Importantly, we discovered that FGFR2b was critical for seromucous and serous acinar cell differentiation and secretory gene expression (Bpifa2 and Lpo) via MAPK signaling, while FGFR1b was dispensable. We show that FGF7, expressed by myoepithelial cells (MEC), activated the FGFR2b-dependent seromucous transcriptional program. We propose a model where MEC-derived FGF7 drives seromucous acinar differentiaton, providing a rationale for targeting FGFR2b signaling in regenerative therapies to restore acinar function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit H. Aure
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Symonds
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Carlos U. Villapudua
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Joshua T. Dodge
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Sabine Werner
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wendy M. Knosp
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Matthew P. Hoffman
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Kim JM, Choi ME, Jeon EJ, Park JM, Kim S, Park JE, Oh SW, Choi JS. Cell-derived vesicles from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate irradiation-induced salivary gland cell damage. Regen Ther 2022; 21:453-459. [PMID: 36313393 PMCID: PMC9587124 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Salivary gland (SG) damage is commonly caused by aging, irradiation, and some medications, and currently, no damage modifying agent is available. However, cell therapy based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been proposed as a therapeutic modality for irradiated SGs. Therefore, we administered cell-derived vesicles (CDVs) of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) to irradiated SG cells to investigate their radioprotective effects in vitro. Methods The artificial CDVs were obtained from ADMSC by tangential flow filtration (TFF) purification and ultracentrifugation. Cultured human SG epithelial cells were exposed to 2, 5 or 15 Gy of 4 MV X-rays produced by a linear accelerator. The effects of ADMSC-CDVs on SG epithelial cells damaged by irradiation were tested by proliferation activity, transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), and amylase activity. Results Exposure to penetrating radiation inhibited the proliferation of SG epithelial cells, but the radiation intensity required to reduce the proliferation of human submandibular gland epithelial cells (hSMGECs) was greater than required for other SG cells. ADMSC-CDVs restored the proliferative ability of SG epithelial cells reduced by irradiation, and the proliferation capacities of irradiated human parotid gland epithelial cells (hPGECs) and human sublingual gland epithelial cells (hSLGECs) were increased by administering ADMSC-CDVs to non-irradiated SG epithelial cells. Furthermore, amylase activity in irradiated hPGECs, hSMGECs, and hSLGECs was lower than in non-irradiated controls. However, amylase ability was restored in all by ADMSC-CDV treatment. Also, TEER was diminished by irradiation in hPGECs, hSMGECs, and hSLGECs and restored by ADMSC-CDV administration. Conclusion Overall, our findings demonstrate that ADMSC-CDVs have potent radioprotective effects on irradiated SG cells. ADMSC-CDVs restored the proliferation and amylase activity of SG cells damaged by irradiation. Reduced TEER in irradiated SG epithelial cells was restored by ADMSC-CDVs. ADMSC-CDVs have potent radioprotective effects on irradiated SG cells.
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Key Words
- ADMSCs, Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
- Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs)
- CDVs, Cell-derived vesicles
- Cell-derived vesicles (CDVs)
- Irradiation
- MSCs, Mesenchymal stem cells
- SG, Salivary gland
- Salivary gland
- TEER, Transepithelial electrical resistance
- TFF, Tangential flow filtration
- hPGECs, human parotid gland epithelial cells
- hPL, human platelet lysate
- hSLGECs, human sublingual gland epithelial cells
- hSMGECs, human submandibular gland epithelial cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Mi Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inha University College of Medicine, 27 Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuholgu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Eun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inha University College of Medicine, 27 Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Jeon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inha University College of Medicine, 27 Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuholgu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Mi Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inha University College of Medicine, 27 Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungryeal Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inha University College of Medicine, 27 Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Park
- Biodrone Research Institute, MDimune Inc., Seoul 04790, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Wook Oh
- Biodrone Research Institute, MDimune Inc., Seoul 04790, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Seok Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inha University College of Medicine, 27 Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuholgu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication (RCIC), College of Medicine, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Inha University College of Medicine, 27 Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea. Fax: +82 32 890 3580.
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Machine learning reveals salivary glycopatterns as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 215:280-289. [PMID: 35660041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of thyroid cancer, especially papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), is increasing rapidly worldwide. In this study, we aimed to study the glycosylation of salivary proteins associated with PTC and assess the likelihood that salivary glycopatterns may be a potential biomarker of PTC diagnosis. Firstly, 22 benign thyroid nodule (BTN) samples, 27 PTC samples, and 30 healthy volunteers (HV) samples were collected to probe the difference of salivary glycopatterns associated with PTC using lectin microarrays. Then, five machine learning models including K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) were established to distinguish HV, BTN and PTC based on the changes of salivary glycopatterns. As a result, SVM had the best diagnostic effect with an accuracy rate of 92 % in testing set. Besides, lectin microarrays were used to explore the differences in salivary glycopatterns of 26 paired salivary samples of PTC patients before and after operation in order to probe into salivary glycopatterns as potential biomarkers for prognosis of PTC patients. The results showed that the levels of salivary glycopatterns recognized by 6 different lectins in patients after the operation almost convergenced with HVs. This study could help to screen and assess patients with PTC and their prognosis based on precise changes of salivary glycopatterns.
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