Children's Temperament: A Bridge between Mothers' Parenting and Aggression

Correlation of temperament characteristics and early functional exercise compliance in school-age children with limb fractures: Implication for clinical nursing care

Early functional exercise plays a very important role in the rehabilitation and nursing care of children with fractures. We aimed to evaluate the role of temperament characteristics in the early functional exercise compliance in school-age children with limb fractures, to provide evidence to clinical nursing care. School-age children with limb fractures admitted to our hospital from January 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022 were selected. We collected the general information, evaluated the temperament characteristics and their functional exercise compliance in school-age children. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to assess the correlation of temperament characteristics and early functional exercise compliance. A total of 126 school-age children with limb fractures were finally included. There were 68, 36, and 22 children that were rated as easy-going, troublesome and initiate slow temperament, respectively. The children with easy-going temperament had the best early functional exercise compliance, followed by children with initiate slow temperament, and compliance of children with troublesome temperament was the worst. The reaction intensity factor in the temperament characteristics of school-age children with fracture was negatively correlated with early functional exercise compliance (P = .007). Reaction intensity was a risk factor for early functional exercise compliance in school-age children with fractures (P = .004). Health care providers must consider the influence of temperament characteristics on compliance in school-age children with fractures, and take targeted nursing measures according to different temperament characteristics of children to improve early functional exercise compliance in school-age children with fractures, so as to improve the functional recovery and prognosis of children.

The Moderating Role of Surgency, Behavioral Inhibition, Negative Emotionality and Effortful Control in the Relationship between Parenting Style and Children’s Reactive and Proactive Aggression

The principal aim of this study is to explore the moderating role of temperament in the relationship between parenting style and the reactive and proactive aggressive behavior of 8-year-old children. The participants are 279 children (154 boys and 125 girls). To measure reactive and proactive aggression, children completed the reactive and proactive questionnaire (RPQ). Child temperament and parenting styles were evaluated by both parents using the temperament in middle childhood questionnaire (TMCQ) and the parenting styles and dimensions questionnaire (PSDQ). The results revealed that boys with high surgency levels and authoritarian fathers displayed more reactive aggression, whereas behaviorally inhibited boys with mothers who scored low for authoritarian parenting displayed less reactive aggression. Finally, girls with high levels of effortful control and mothers who scored low for authoritative parenting displayed more proactive aggression. The results highlight the value of studying the moderating role of temperament in the relationship between children’s aggressive behavior and both mothers’ and fathers’ parenting styles, and underscores the importance of doing so separately for boys and girls.