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Catalin RE, Martin-Lujan F, Salamanca-Gonzalez P, Palleja-Millan M, Villalobos F, Santigosa-Ayala A, Pedret A, Valls-Zamora RM, Sola R. Mediterranean Diet and Lung Function in Adults Current Smokers: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in the MEDISTAR Project. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051272. [PMID: 36904270 PMCID: PMC10005310 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MeDi) has a positive impact on lung function in subjects with lung disease. In subjects free of respiratory diseases, but at risk, this association is not yet well established. METHODS Based on the reference data from the MEDISTAR clinical trial (Mediterranean Diet and Smoking in Tarragona and Reus; ISRCTN 03.362.372), an observational study was conducted with 403 middle-aged smokers without lung disease, treated at 20 centres of primary care in Tarragona (Catalonia, Spain). The degree of MeDi adherence was evaluated according to a 14-item questionnaire, and adherence was defined in three groups (low, medium, and high). Lung function were assessed by forced spirometry. Logistic regression and linear regression models were used to analyse the association between adherence to the MeDi and the presence of ventilatory defects. RESULTS Globally, the pulmonary alteration prevalence (impaired FEV1 and/or FVC) was 28.8%, although it was lower in participants with medium and high adherence to the MeDi, compared to those with a low score (24.2% and 27.4% vs. 38.5%, p = 0.004). Logistic regression models showed a significant and independent association between medium and high adherence to the MeDi and the presence of altered lung patterns (OR 0.467 [95%CI 0.266, 0.820] and 0.552 [95%CI 0.313, 0.973], respectively). CONCLUSIONS MeDi adherence is inversely associated with the risk impaired lung function. These results indicate that healthy diet behaviours can be modifiable risk factors to protect lung function and reinforce the possibility of a nutritional intervention to increase adherence to MeDi, in addition to promoting smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana-Elena Catalin
- Research Support Unit Camp of Tarragona, Department of Primary Care Camp de Tarragona, Institut Català de la Salut, 43202 Reus, Spain
- CENIT Research Group, Fundació Institut Universitari Per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Martin-Lujan
- Research Support Unit Camp of Tarragona, Department of Primary Care Camp de Tarragona, Institut Català de la Salut, 43202 Reus, Spain
- CENIT Research Group, Fundació Institut Universitari Per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament of Medicine and Surgery, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de La Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Patricia Salamanca-Gonzalez
- CENIT Research Group, Fundació Institut Universitari Per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Palleja-Millan
- Research Support Unit Camp of Tarragona, Department of Primary Care Camp de Tarragona, Institut Català de la Salut, 43202 Reus, Spain
- CENIT Research Group, Fundació Institut Universitari Per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament of Medicine and Surgery, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de La Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Felipe Villalobos
- Research Support Unit Camp of Tarragona, Department of Primary Care Camp de Tarragona, Institut Català de la Salut, 43202 Reus, Spain
- CENIT Research Group, Fundació Institut Universitari Per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Santigosa-Ayala
- Research Support Unit Camp of Tarragona, Department of Primary Care Camp de Tarragona, Institut Català de la Salut, 43202 Reus, Spain
- CENIT Research Group, Fundació Institut Universitari Per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament of Medicine and Surgery, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de La Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Anna Pedret
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Valls-Zamora
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Rosa Sola
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
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Lee J, Park HK, Kwon MJ, Ham SY, Lim SY, Song JU. The effect of metabolic health and obesity on lung function: A cross sectional study of 114,143 participants from Kangbuk Samsung Health Study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266885. [PMID: 35417494 PMCID: PMC9007386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Although the role of obesity-induced metabolic abnormalities in impaired lung function is well-established, the risk of impaired lung function among obese individuals without metabolic abnormalities, referred to metabolically-healthy obesity (MHO), is largely unexplored. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of MHO on lung function in a large health-screening cohort. Methods 114,143 subjects (65,342 men, mean age and BMI: 39.6 years and 23.6) with health examinations in 2019 were divided into four groups as follows: metabolically healthy non-obese (MHNO), MHO, metabolically unhealthy non-obese (MUHNO), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUHO). Metabolic health was defined as fewer than two metabolic syndrome components. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥25 kg/m2. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs), using MHNO as a reference, were calculated to determine lung function impairment. Results Approximately one-third (30.6%) of the study subjects were obese. The prevalence of MHO was 15.1%. Subjects with MHO had the highest FEV1% and FVC% values but the lowest FEV1/FVC ratio (p<0.001). These results persisted after controlling for covariates. Compared with MHNO, the aORs (95% confidence interval) for FEV1% < 80% in MHO, MUHNO and MUHO were 0.871 (0.775–0.978), 1.274 (1.114–1.456), and 1.176 (1.102–1.366), respectively (P for trend = 0.014). Similarly, the aORs in MHO, MUHNO, and MUHO were 0.704 (0.615–0.805), 1.241 (1.075–1.432), and 1.226 (1.043–1.441), respectively, for FVC% < 80% (p for trend = 0.013). However, the aORs for FEV1/FVC<0.7 were not significantly different between groups (p for trend = 0.173). Conclusions The MHO group had better lung function than other groups. However, longitudinal follow-up studies are required to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghoo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyeong Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Ilsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Youn Ham
- Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Young Lim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Uk Song
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Lee WH, Wu DW, Chen YC, Liu YH, Liao WS, Chen SC, Hung CH, Kuo CH, Su HM. Association of Pulmonary Function Decline over Time with Longitudinal Change of Glycated Hemoglobin in Participants without Diabetes Mellitus. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11100994. [PMID: 34683134 PMCID: PMC8537814 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11100994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary damage and function impairment were frequently noted in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the relationship between lung function and glycemic status in non-DM subjects was not well-known. Here, we evaluated the association of longitudinal changes of lung function parameters with longitudinal changes of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in non-DM participants. The study enrolled participants without prior type 2 DM, hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from the Taiwan Biobank database. Laboratory profiles and pulmonary function parameters, including forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), were examined at baseline and follow-up. Finally, 7055 participants were selected in this study. During a mean 3.9-year follow-up, FVC and FEV1 were significantly decreased over time (both p < 0.001). In the multivariable analysis, the baseline (unstandardized coefficient β = −0.032, p < 0.001) and longitudinal change (unstandardized coefficient β = −0.025, p = 0.026) of FVC were negatively associated with the baseline and longitudinal change of HbA1c, respectively. Additionally, the longitudinal change of FVC was negatively associated with the risk of newly diagnosed type 2 DM (p = 0.018). During a mean 3.9-year follow-up, our present study, including participants without type 2 DM, hypertension, and COPD, demonstrated that the baseline and longitudinal change of FVC were negatively and respectively correlated with the baseline and longitudinal change of HbA1c. Furthermore, compared to those without new-onset DM, participants with new-onset DM had a more pronounced decline of FVC over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsien Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Da-Wei Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chih Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsueh Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Sheng Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Ming Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-8036783-3441; Fax: +886-7-8063346
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