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Goto S, Grange RMH, Pinciroli R, Rosales IA, Li R, Boerboom SL, Ostrom KF, Marutani E, Wanderley HV, Bagchi A, Colvin RB, Berra L, Minaeva O, Goldstein LE, Malhotra R, Zapol WM, Ichinose F, Yu B. Electronic cigarette vaping with aged coils causes acute lung injury in mice. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:3363-3371. [PMID: 36195745 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03388-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have been used widely as an alternative to conventional cigarettes and have become particularly popular among young adults. A growing body of evidence has shown that e-cigarettes are associated with acute lung injury and adverse effects in multiple other organs. Previous studies showed that high emissions of aldehydes (formaldehyde and acetaldehyde) in aerosols were associated with increased usage of the same e-cigarette coils. However, the impact on lung function of using aged coils has not been reported. We investigated the relationship between coil age and acute lung injury in mice exposed to experimental vaping for 1 h (2 puffs/min, 100 ml/puff). The e-liquid contains propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin (50:50, vol) only. The concentrations of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the vaping aerosols increased with age of the nichrome coils starting at 1200 puffs. Mice exposed to e-cigarette aerosols produced from 1800, but not 0 or 900, puff-aged coils caused acute lung injury, increased lung wet/dry weight ratio, and induced lung inflammation (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, MIP-2). Exposure to vaping aerosols from 1800 puff-aged coils decreased heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation in mice compared to mice exposed to air or aerosols from new coils. In conclusion, we observed that the concentration of aldehydes (formaldehyde and acetaldehyde) increased with repeated and prolonged usage of e-cigarette coils. Exposure to high levels of aldehyde in vaping aerosol was associated with acute lung injury in mice. These findings show significant risk of lung injury associated with prolonged use of e-cigarette devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsaku Goto
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Thier Research Building 505, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Robert M H Grange
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Thier Research Building 505, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Riccardo Pinciroli
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Thier Research Building 505, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Ivy A Rosales
- Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Rebecca Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Sophie L Boerboom
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Katrina F Ostrom
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Eizo Marutani
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Thier Research Building 505, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hatus V Wanderley
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Thier Research Building 505, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Aranya Bagchi
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Thier Research Building 505, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Robert B Colvin
- Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Lorenzo Berra
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Thier Research Building 505, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Olga Minaeva
- Center for Biometals & Metallomics, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University Alzheimer' Disease Center, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,College of Engineering, Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Lee E Goldstein
- Center for Biometals & Metallomics, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University Alzheimer' Disease Center, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,College of Engineering, Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Warren M Zapol
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Thier Research Building 505, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Fumito Ichinose
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Thier Research Building 505, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Binglan Yu
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Thier Research Building 505, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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