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Okorie IP, Weber AM. Sleepless nights, troubled futures: The association between insufficient sleep and child flourishing. Sleep Med 2024; 122:54-63. [PMID: 39126785 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine associations between sleep and flourishing among children ages 0-5 years in the United States and whether these differ by age, developmental needs, and family resilience. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Cross-sectional data from the 2020-2021 National Survey of Children's Health (N = 31,095) were used with survey-weighted logistic regression to explore associations between insufficient sleep (defined as not meeting age-recommended daily sleep guidelines: 12-16 h for 4- to 12-month-olds, 11-14 h for 1- to 2-year-olds, and 10-13 h for 3- to 5-year-olds) and flourishing (using four markers combined and categorized into two groups). Tests of effect measure modification (EMM) were performed on the multiplicative and additive scales. RESULTS Weak but notable evidence was found that children with insufficient sleep had decreased odds of flourishing (aOR = 0.76; 95 % CI: 0.60, 1.00). No evidence of EMM by child age or family resilience was found. However, the sleep-flourishing association differed significantly by children's developmental needs, suggesting that the combined effect of sleep and developmental needs impact flourishing more than either factor alone. CONCLUSIONS Approximately 38 % of children ages 0-5 years in the United States are estimated to have insufficient sleep. This study provides evidence that insufficient sleep is associated with decreased flourishing among children with special health care needs (CSHCN). FUTURE IMPLICATIONS Increasing sleep interventions among children under five is warranted among children with special health care needs. The association between sleep and flourishing within specific CSHCN categories, including emotional, behavioral, or developmental (EBD) criteria, should be explored to optimize sleep policies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann M Weber
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA.
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Li X, Lau FLF, Chiu WV, Wong CKD, Li AM, Wing YK, Lai YCK, Shea KSC, Li SX. An Open-Label Pilot Trial of a Brief, Parent-Based Sleep Intervention in Children With ADHD. J Atten Disord 2024; 28:1173-1185. [PMID: 38439703 DOI: 10.1177/10870547241233731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of a brief parent-based behavioral sleep intervention in children with ADHD. METHODS Families with a child with ADHD and parent-reported sleep problems received a brief parent-based sleep intervention, which involved two one-to-one consultation sessions and one telephone follow-up with the parent/caregiver. Child's sleep and clinical symptoms, and parental sleep and daytime functioning were assessed at baseline, 2-week post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up. RESULTS Sixty eligible families (mean age of the child: 9.4 ± 1.5 years; boys: 75%) were recruited, and 43 (72%) completed the whole intervention. The intervention resulted in significant improvements in the child's sleep, clinical symptoms, and parental sleep and parenting stress, and these improvements were generally maintained at 3-month follow-up. CONCLUSION The findings supported the promising effects of a brief parent-based sleep intervention on improving sleep and clinical symptoms in children with ADHD and parental sleep and parenting stress. Further randomized clinical trials with long-term follow-up are needed to test the robustness of the effectiveness of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Sleep Research Clinic and Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Fanny Lok Fan Lau
- Sleep Research Clinic and Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Waiyan Vivian Chiu
- Sleep Research Clinic and Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ching Kwong Dino Wong
- Sleep Research Clinic and Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Albert Martin Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yun Kwok Wing
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yee Ching Kelly Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Shirley Xin Li
- Sleep Research Clinic and Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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Guner N, Hayton JA. Parental and Child Sleep: Children with Vision Impairment, Autistic Children, and Children with Comorbid Vision Impairment and Autism. Brain Sci 2024; 14:485. [PMID: 38790463 PMCID: PMC11119615 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents report associations between children's sleep disturbances and behaviors. Children with neurodevelopmental conditions (e.g., Williams Syndrome and autism) are consistently reported to experience increased sleeping problems. Sleep in children with vision impairment and children with a dual diagnosis of vision impairment and autism remains understudied. METHODS Our exploratory study compared sleep profiles in 52 children (aged 4-12 years) and their parents (n = 37), across four groups: children with vision impairment (VI; n = 9), autism (n = 10), comorbid vision impairment + autism (n = 6), and typically developing children (n = 27). Childhood sleep was measured using the parental report Childhood Sleep Habits Questionnaire and sleep diaries. Children's cognitive functioning was measured using digit span, semantic, and phonemic verbal fluency measures. Parental sleep was measured via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. RESULTS Clinically disordered sleep was reported in all child groups (p ≤ 0.001), particularly children with VI + autism. Age, not sleep quality/quantity, predicted cognitive task performance in TD and autistic groups, but not in VI and VI + autism groups. The child's diagnosis affected parental sleep, particularly in children with a dual diagnosis of VI + autism. CONCLUSIONS All participants experienced problematic sleep to varying degrees. Those most affected were children and parents in the VI + autism group, suggesting that autism may be the main driver of sleep problems in our sample.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Antonia Hayton
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, IOE, UCL’s Faculty of Education and Society, University College London, London WC1H 0AL, UK;
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Ljubičić M, Šare S, Kolčić I. Sleep Quality and Evening Salivary Cortisol Levels in Association with the Psychological Resources of Parents of Children with Developmental Disorders and Type 1 Diabetes. J Autism Dev Disord 2024:10.1007/s10803-024-06269-7. [PMID: 38300504 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06269-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep deprivation can decrease parental well-being and degrade mental and physical health in parents of children with chronic illness. The aim of this study was to explore the associations of sleep quality, psychological stress perception, and evening salivary cortisol concentration with self-esteem, optimism and happiness in parents of children with type 1 diabetes and developmental disorders compared to parents of healthy, typically developing children. METHODS We studied 196 parents of children with chronic conditions, including autistic spectrum disorder (N = 33), cerebral palsy (N = 18), Down syndrome (N = 33), and diabetes mellitus type 1 (N = 40) and parents of healthy children (N = 72). We evaluated parental sleep quality, evening salivary cortisol levels, self-esteem, optimism and happiness. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess associations between variables. RESULTS Compared with those of the control group, the parents of children with autistic spectrum disorders had higher evening cortisol concentrations (β = 0.17; p = 0.038) and lower perceptions of happiness (β=-0.17; p = 0.017), while parents of children with type 1 diabetes had disrupted sleep quality (β = 0.25; p = 0.003). Optimism was negatively associated with the evening cortisol concentration (β=-0.18; p = 0.023) and sleep quality index (β=-0.20; p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS Public health programs aimed at lifestyle habit improvement, respite care, and relaxation for parents of children with chronic conditions would be useful for improving parental sleep quality, self-esteem, optimism and happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Ljubičić
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Splitska 1, Zadar, 23000, Croatia.
| | - Sonja Šare
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Splitska 1, Zadar, 23000, Croatia
- Medical School Ante Kuzmanića Zadar, Franje Tuđmana 24G, Zadar, 23000, Croatia
| | - Ivana Kolčić
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, Split, 21000, Croatia
- Algebra LAB, Algebra University College, Gradišćanska ul. 24, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
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Harper L, McAnelly S, Walshe I, Ooms A, Tuffrey-Wijne IM. Behavioural sleep problems in children and adults with intellectual disabilities: An integrative literature review. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2023; 36:916-928. [PMID: 37177858 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with intellectual disabilities are more likely to experience sleep problems, which can affect quality of life, physical health, mental health and well-being. METHODS An integrative literature review was conducted to investigate what is known about behavioural sleep disturbances in people with an intellectual disability. The search used the following databases: Scopus, PsycInfo and Cinahl, to find papers published since 2015. RESULTS Within intellectual disability research, sleep appears as a common issue due to its high prevalence, negative relationships with an individual's physical and mental health, their quality of life, and impact of sleep problems on family or carers. The growing evidence base appears to support the use of behavioural, lifestyle and pharmacological interventions to improve sleep in people with an intellectual disability. CONCLUSION A wide array of literature provides evidence that people with intellectual disabilities are affected by and need support with their sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynette Harper
- Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, London, UK
| | - Su McAnelly
- Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, London, UK
| | - Ian Walshe
- Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, London, UK
| | - Ann Ooms
- Faculty of Health, Science, Social Care and Education, Kingston University, London, UK
| | - Irene M Tuffrey-Wijne
- Faculty of Health, Science, Social Care and Education, Kingston University, London, UK
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McCabe SM, Abbiss CR, Libert JP, Bach V. Functional links between thermoregulation and sleep in children with neurodevelopmental and chronic health conditions. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:866951. [PMID: 36451768 PMCID: PMC9703054 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.866951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bi-directional relationship between sleep and wake is recognized as important for all children. It is particularly consequential for children who have neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) or health conditions which challenge their sleep and biological rhythms, and their ability to maintain rhythms of participation in everyday activities. There are many studies which report the diverse reasons for disruption to sleep in these populations. Predominantly, there is focus on respiratory, pharmaceutical, and behavioral approaches to management. There is, however, little exploration and explanation of the important effects of body thermoregulation on children's sleep-wake patterns, and associated behaviors. Circadian patterns of sleep-wake are dependent on patterns of body temperature change, large enough to induce sleep preparedness but remaining within a range to avoid sleep disturbances when active thermoregulatory responses against heat or cold are elicited (to maintain thermoneutrality). Additionally, the subjective notion of thermal comfort (which coincides with the objective concept of thermoneutrality) is of interest as part of general comfort and associated behavioral responses for sleep onset and maintenance. Children's thermoregulation and thermal comfort are affected by diverse biological functions, as well as their participation in everyday activities, within their everyday environments. Hence, the aforementioned populations are additionally vulnerable to disruption of their thermoregulatory system and their capacity for balance of sleep and wakefulness. The purpose of this paper is to present hitherto overlooked information, for consideration by researchers and clinicians toward determining assessment and intervention approaches to support children's thermoregulation functions and promote their subjective thermal comfort, for improved regulation of their sleep and wake functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M McCabe
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Chris R Abbiss
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | | | - Véronique Bach
- PeriTox UMR_I 01, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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Lights Out: Examining Sleep in Children with Vision Impairment. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11040421. [PMID: 33810398 PMCID: PMC8066760 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11040421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is crucial for development across cognitive, physical, and social-emotional domains. Sleep quality and quantity impact domains of daytime functioning, attainment, and global development. Previous work has explored sleep profiles in typically developing children and children with developmental disorders such as Down syndrome and Williams Syndrome, yet there is a complete absence of published work regarding the sleep profiles of children with vision impairment aged 4–11 years. This is the first known study that examines the sleep profiles in children with vision impairment (n = 58) in comparison to 58 typically developing children (aged 4–11 years) in the UK. Sleep was measured using the Childhood Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ; parental report), actigraphy and sleep diaries. Results showed group differences in subjective CSHQ scores but not objective actigraphy measures. Surprisingly, the findings revealed disordered sleep (namely, poor sleep quantity) in both groups. Discordance between CSHQ and actigraphy measures could represent heightened awareness of sleeping problems in parents/caregivers of children with vision impairment. The implications of this study extend beyond group comparison, examining disordered sleep in ‘typically developing’ children, exploring the potential role of light perception and the importance of sleep quality and quantity in both groups.
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