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Kongta N, Judprasong K, Chunhabundit R, Sirivarasai J, Karnpanit W. Assessment of Exposure to Aluminum through Consumption of Noodle Products. Foods 2023; 12:3960. [PMID: 37959078 PMCID: PMC10650687 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine aluminum (Al) contents in commonly consumed noodles and estimate the risk of Al exposure through the consumption of noodles in the Thai population. A total of 80 samples, 20 samples each of rice stick noodles, egg noodles, wide rice noodles, and Thai rice noodles was purchased from markets in Bangkok Metropolitan and other four provinces in each region of Thailand. Wet digestion and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) were used to determine Al contents. Exposure assessment of Al was conducted by applying the consumption amounts of noodles from the national consumption survey and the Al contents of the noodle samples. The hazard quotient (HQ) was calculated to estimate the risk of exposure to Al. Aluminum contents in the noodles ranged from not detected to 630 mg/kg. Exposure to Al from consumption of each noodle product in all age groups was lower than the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI). However, Al exposures in children calculated from the high consumer models and Al exposures in all age groups from the worst-case scenarios were higher than the PTWI, indicating potential adverse health effects. Consumers who regularly consume large amounts of noodle products containing Al may be at risk of having adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalinrat Kongta
- Master of Science Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital and Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Kunchit Judprasong
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Rodjana Chunhabundit
- Nutrition Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (R.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Jintana Sirivarasai
- Nutrition Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (R.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Weeraya Karnpanit
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
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Chen MY, Ou SH, Chen NC, Yin CH, Chen CL. Aluminum overload in the reverse osmosis dialysis era: does it exist? Ren Fail 2022; 44:1595-1603. [PMID: 36190833 PMCID: PMC9553183 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2104165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aluminum accumulation is a well-described complication in dialysis patients. Improvements in hemodialysis technology have possibly eliminated the occurrence of aluminum overload. Limited evidence suggests that aluminum overload may decline in the era of aluminum removal from dialysis fluids, even with the use of aluminum binders. Methods We examined the data from January 2014 to June 1, 2020, identified through our electronic records, to evaluate the desferrioxamine (DFO) test results for aluminum overload. The presentation and treatment of aluminum overload were recorded. Results Ninety-nine dialysis patients were enrolled for the DFO test. Forty-seven patients (47.5%) were identified as DFO test positive for aluminum overload, of which 14 (14/47) patients had symptoms, including one patient with an unexplained fracture, eight patients with unexplained anemia despite high-dose erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, and five patients with hypercalcemia (serum calcium >11 mg dL-1). None of the patients with aluminum overload developed encephalopathy. Only four of the 47 patients had microcytic anemia. Patients requiring longer treatments (>10 months versus <10 months) had similar basal serum aluminum (p = 0.219) but had an increase in serum aluminum after DFO (p = 0.041). Furthermore, the treatments decreased erythropoietin doses in the aluminum overload group, with serum total alkaline phosphatase levels <60 U L-1 (p = 0.028). Conclusion We concluded that aluminum overload existed in the reverse osmosis dialysis era. In light of non-obvious symptoms, such as anemia and bone turnover change, serum aluminum in dialysis patients should be monitored in countries using aluminum-based phosphate binders, despite reverse osmosis dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yin Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Service, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiang Ou
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Ching Chen
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Yin
- Division of Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Liang Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan.,Division of Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institutes of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan.,Institution of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Allaria G, De Negri Atanasio G, Filippini T, Robino F, Dondero L, Soggia F, Rispo F, Tardanico F, Ferrando S, Aicardi S, Demori I, Markus J, Cortese K, Zanotti-Russo M, Grasselli E. Innovative In Vitro Strategy for Assessing Aluminum Bioavailability in Oral Care Cosmetics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9362. [PMID: 35954723 PMCID: PMC9368073 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum is an element found in nature and in cosmetic products. It can interfere with the metabolism of other cations, thus inducing gastrointestinal disorder. In cosmetics, aluminum is used in antiperspirants, lipsticks, and toothpastes. The aim of this work is to investigate aluminum bioavailability after accidental oral ingestion derived from the use of a toothpaste containing a greater amount of aluminum hydroxide than advised by the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS). To simulate in vitro toothpaste accidental ingestion, the INFOGEST model was employed, and the amount of aluminum was measured through the ICP-AES analysis. Tissue barrier integrity was analyzed by measuring transepithelial electric resistance, and the tissue architecture was checked through light microscopy. The margin of safety was also calculated. Overall, our results indicate that the acute exposure to aluminum accidentally ingested from toothpastes is safe for the final user, even in amounts higher than SCCS indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Allaria
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.A.); (L.D.); (F.R.); (F.T.); (S.F.); (S.A.); (I.D.)
| | - Giulia De Negri Atanasio
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.A.); (L.D.); (F.R.); (F.T.); (S.F.); (S.A.); (I.D.)
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA
| | - Federica Robino
- Angel Consulting Via San Senatore 14, 20122 Milano, Italy; (F.R.); (M.Z.-R.)
| | - Lorenzo Dondero
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.A.); (L.D.); (F.R.); (F.T.); (S.F.); (S.A.); (I.D.)
- MICAMO S.R.L, 16121 Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Soggia
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Francesca Rispo
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.A.); (L.D.); (F.R.); (F.T.); (S.F.); (S.A.); (I.D.)
| | - Francesca Tardanico
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.A.); (L.D.); (F.R.); (F.T.); (S.F.); (S.A.); (I.D.)
| | - Sara Ferrando
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.A.); (L.D.); (F.R.); (F.T.); (S.F.); (S.A.); (I.D.)
| | - Stefano Aicardi
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.A.); (L.D.); (F.R.); (F.T.); (S.F.); (S.A.); (I.D.)
| | - Ilaria Demori
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.A.); (L.D.); (F.R.); (F.T.); (S.F.); (S.A.); (I.D.)
| | - Jan Markus
- MatTek In Vitro Life Science Laboratories, 82105 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Katia Cortese
- Cellular Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Human Anatomy, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | | | - Elena Grasselli
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.A.); (L.D.); (F.R.); (F.T.); (S.F.); (S.A.); (I.D.)
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Chuang PH, Tsai KF, Wang IK, Huang YC, Huang LM, Liu SH, Weng CH, Huang WH, Hsu CW, Lee WC, Yen TH. Blood Aluminum Levels in Patients with Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3885. [PMID: 35409569 PMCID: PMC8997989 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background. This retrospective observational study attempted to examine the prevalence of abnormal blood aluminum levels in dialysis patients, and to explore the association of pathogenic factors, such as demographic, clinical, laboratory as well as the use of phosphate binding drugs, drugs for secondary hyperparathyroidism and erythropoiesis-stimulating drugs with the blood aluminum levels. Methods. The study included 1175 patients (874 hemodialysis and 301 peritoneal dialysis), recruited from Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in November 2020. Patients were stratified into two groups by their blood aluminum levels, as normal (<2 µg/dL, n = 1150) or abnormal (≥2 µg/dL, n = 25). Results. The patients aged 60.4 ± 13.2 years and were dialyzed for 8.6 ± 8.1 years. The average blood aluminum level was 1.0 ± 0.4 µg/dL. Patients with abnormal blood aluminum levels received more sevelamer than patients with normal blood aluminum level (p = 0.014). Patients with abnormal blood aluminum levels had higher platelet count (p = 0.001), triglyceride (p < 0.001) and total iron binding capacity (p = 0.003) than patients with normal blood aluminum levels. Moreover, the cardiothoracic ratio was higher in patients with abnormal blood aluminum levels than patients with normal blood aluminum levels (p = 0.003). Conclusions. The prevalence of abnormal blood aluminum levels was low at 2.2%. Nevertheless, the linking of cardiothoracic ratio of more than 0.5 as well as elevated blood platelet count and triglyceride level with blood aluminum levels are interesting, and warranted more researches in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsun Chuang
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (P.-H.C.); (L.-M.H.); (S.-H.L.); (C.-H.W.); (W.-H.H.); (C.-W.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (Y.-C.H.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Kai-Fan Tsai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (Y.-C.H.); (W.-C.L.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - I-Kuan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ching Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (Y.-C.H.); (W.-C.L.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Mei Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (P.-H.C.); (L.-M.H.); (S.-H.L.); (C.-H.W.); (W.-H.H.); (C.-W.H.)
| | - Shou-Hsuan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (P.-H.C.); (L.-M.H.); (S.-H.L.); (C.-H.W.); (W.-H.H.); (C.-W.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (Y.-C.H.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Cheng-Hao Weng
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (P.-H.C.); (L.-M.H.); (S.-H.L.); (C.-H.W.); (W.-H.H.); (C.-W.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (Y.-C.H.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Wen-Hung Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (P.-H.C.); (L.-M.H.); (S.-H.L.); (C.-H.W.); (W.-H.H.); (C.-W.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (Y.-C.H.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Ching-Wei Hsu
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (P.-H.C.); (L.-M.H.); (S.-H.L.); (C.-H.W.); (W.-H.H.); (C.-W.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (Y.-C.H.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Wen-Chin Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (Y.-C.H.); (W.-C.L.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Hai Yen
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (P.-H.C.); (L.-M.H.); (S.-H.L.); (C.-H.W.); (W.-H.H.); (C.-W.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (Y.-C.H.); (W.-C.L.)
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