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Lara D, Alaniz-Cantú EI, Siddalingaiaha S, Oliveira I, Chávez-Iñiguez A, DeJesus E, Fuller D, Marquez DX, Vásquez E, Li D, McIntosh S, Ossip DJ, Cupertino AP, Cartujano-Barrera F. Actívatexto: Feasibility and Acceptability of a Mobile Intervention That Promotes Smoking Cessation and Physical Activity among Latinos. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1016-1023. [PMID: 38592449 PMCID: PMC11000686 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a mobile intervention that promotes smoking cessation and physical activity among Latinos living in the United States. Twenty Latino adults who smoked and did not meet recommended levels of physical activity were recruited using community-based recruitment strategies. Participants received Actívatexto, a theory-based, culturally accommodated, 12-week text messaging intervention (available in English and Spanish) that promotes smoking cessation and physical activity. Actívatexto integrates four components: (i) a text messaging program, (ii) a wearable device, (iii) an online dashboard where the research team manages participants' incoming and outgoing data from both the text messaging program and wearable device, and (iv) nicotine replacement therapies (NRT). We assessed self-reported 7-day point prevalence smoking abstinence at month 3, weekly minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), pharmacotherapy adherence, and satisfaction. At baseline, participants' mean age was 47.3 years old (SD 16.0), 55% of participants were female, and 60% indicated that Spanish was their language of preference. Seventy-five percent of participants smoked 1-10 cigarettes daily and 35% smoked their first cigarette within 5 minutes after waking up. At month 3, 14 participants (70%) self-reported 7-day point prevalence smoking abstinence (90% follow-up rate). Fitbit-assessed mean minutes of MVPA per week increased from 113 (SD 127; range: 0-399) at week 1 to 177 (SD 163; range: 0-513) at month 3 (P = 0.15). Sixteen participants (88.9%, 16/18) reported NRT use in the past 90 days. Most participants reported being extremely satisfied or satisfied with the intervention (88.9%, 16/18). SIGNIFICANCE Actívatexto resulted in a noteworthy cessation rate at month 3 (70%), increased mean weekly minutes of MVPA, produced high use of NRT, and was well received by participants. Additional testing in a randomized clinical trial is warranted to assess the efficacy of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daimarelys Lara
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Edgar I. Alaniz-Cantú
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Simran Siddalingaiaha
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Igor Oliveira
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Arlette Chávez-Iñiguez
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Elisa DeJesus
- Language Services, Ibero American Action League, Rochester, New York
| | - Daniel Fuller
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - David X. Marquez
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elizabeth Vásquez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, SUNY University at Albany, Albany, New York
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Scott McIntosh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Deborah J. Ossip
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Ana Paula Cupertino
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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Orfin RH, Siddalingaiah S, Dontu V, Estrada B, Martinez C, Guerra D, Carrillo H, Cervantes-Díaz MJ, Rodríguez-Rojas DV, Rahman I, McIntosh S, Ossip DJ, Cupertino AP, Cartujano-Barrera F. Development of a Vaping Cessation Text Messaging Intervention for Latino Young Adults: A Participatory Research Approach. COMMUNITY HEALTH EQUITY RESEARCH & POLICY 2024:2752535X231225928. [PMID: 38183157 DOI: 10.1177/2752535x231225928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Describe the participatory research procedures of developing Kick Vaping, a vaping cessation text messaging intervention for Latino young adults, available in English and Spanish. METHODS Using community-based recruitment strategies, we convened a Community Advisory Board (CAB) of eight Latino young adults (ages 18-25) with different vaping experiences (never users, ex-users, and current users of e-cigarettes). Members held a series of working meetings to adapt Decídetexto, a smoking cessation text messaging intervention, for vaping cessation. Members provided iterative feedback on the text messages until reaching a consensus on content. Messages were translated from English to Spanish following a committee approach. Readability assessments were used to evaluate the legibility of the text messages. RESULTS At baseline, members' mean age was 22.6 years old (SD 3.1), 75% were female, and 50% used both English and Spanish equally. Three members (37.5%) were ex-users and one member (12.5%) was a current user of e-cigarettes. 18 meetings provided sufficient opportunities for iterative feedback on the text messages for developing the intervention. The Kick Vaping intervention consists of 208 text messages. Readability scores of the text messages in English were equivalent to fourth and fifth grade, and in Spanish were equivalent to easy and somewhat easy. CONCLUSION It is feasible and practical to build participatory research among Latino young adults focused on vaping cessation. Members of the CAB added innovation and creativity to the development of the vaping cessation text messaging intervention. Future research is needed to evaluate the impact of the intervention on vaping cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael H Orfin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Simran Siddalingaiah
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Vignya Dontu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Bianca Estrada
- The Kick Vaping Latino Advisory Board, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Chabeli Martinez
- The Kick Vaping Latino Advisory Board, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Darcy Guerra
- The Kick Vaping Latino Advisory Board, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Hanzell Carrillo
- The Kick Vaping Latino Advisory Board, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - María José Cervantes-Díaz
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
- Residencia de Medicina Preventiva, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Scott McIntosh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Deborah J Ossip
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Ana Paula Cupertino
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Francisco Cartujano-Barrera
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
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Hernández-Torres R, Alaniz-Cantu E, Bautista Rojas MV, Lara D, Merritt S, DeJesus E, D’Abundo ML, McIntosh S, Ossip DJ, Fuller D, Rivera MP, Cupertino AP, Cartujano-Barrera F. Understanding the Perspectives of Latino Adults Who Smoke on Physical Activity: A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3128. [PMID: 36833833 PMCID: PMC9964119 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Smoking and sedentary lifestyle frequently co-occur among Latinos. Evidence suggests that moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) may enhance smoking cessation rates. However, this synergistic phenomenon has not been studied among Latinos, the largest minority group in the United States. This qualitative study consisted of semi-structured interviews in English or Spanish with Latino adults who smoke (n = 20) to understand their perspectives on physical activity. Participants were recruited using community-based recruitment strategies. The Health Belief Model was used as a framework for qualitative theoretical analysis. Multiple perceived benefits (e.g., mood management, strategy to quit smoking), susceptibility (e.g., risk of cardiovascular diseases, physical impairment), and barriers (e.g., lack of social support, low financial resources) of being physically active were identified. Moreover, multiple cues to action to do physical activity (e.g., being a role model, spending time with family and friends) were identified. These factors provide concrete operational strategies to address smoking cessation and physical activity among Latinos. Further research is needed on how best to integrate these perspectives into smoking cessation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edgar Alaniz-Cantu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | | | - Daimarelys Lara
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Sarah Merritt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Elisa DeJesus
- Health Literacy & Language Services, Ibero-American Action League, Inc., Rochester, NY 14605, USA
| | - Michelle Lee D’Abundo
- Department of Interprofessional Health Sciences and Health Administration, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Scott McIntosh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Deborah J. Ossip
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Daniel Fuller
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - M. Patricia Rivera
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Ana Paula Cupertino
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Cartujano-Barrera F, Cox LS, Catley D, Shah Z, Alpert AB, Cupertino AP. "I'm a transgender man… I have to quit smoking for treatment and surgery": Describing the experience of a Latino transgender man during his attempt to quit smoking. Explore (NY) 2023; 19:131-135. [PMID: 34823998 PMCID: PMC9110554 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the experience of a Latino transgender man during his attempt to quit smoking using a text messaging intervention. METHODS A Latino transgender man enrolled in a smoking cessation randomized controlled trial for Latino smokers. The participant was randomized to Decídetexto, a smoking cessation mobile intervention. The participant received a 24-week text messaging intervention. We assessed text messaging interactivity with the program, satisfaction, and self-reported abstinence at Week 12 and Month 6. RESULTS During the 24-week intervention period, the participant sent a total of 287 text messages to the program. When analyzing the content of the text messages sent by the participants, four important themes were identified: 1) gender identity, 2) low social support, 3) stressors (e.g., gender dysphoria), and 4) gender affirmation surgery as a reason to quit smoking. At both Week 12 and Month 6, the participant reported being extremely satisfied with the intervention and self-reported cigarette use. CONCLUSION A smoking cessation mobile intervention generated high satisfaction and frequent interactivity among a Latino transgender man. This case report provides important insights into the experience of one Latino transgender man during his attempt to quit smoking. There is an urgent need to develop or adapt existing smoking cessation interventions to better meet the needs of transgender people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Sanderson Cox
- Department of Population Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Delwyn Catley
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
| | - Zainab Shah
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Ash B Alpert
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Ana Paula Cupertino
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
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Cartujano-Barrera F, Cox LS, Castro EM, Lara D, Quiñones Z, McIntosh S, Ossip DJ, Cupertino AP. Cigarro or Cigarrillo? The Pressing Need to Use Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Terminology for Tobacco Control Among Spanish-speaking Latinos. Nicotine Tob Res 2022; 24:1840-1841. [PMID: 35536746 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntac123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Sanderson Cox
- Department of Population Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Eida M Castro
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Daimarelys Lara
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Zahira Quiñones
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Scott McIntosh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Deborah J Ossip
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ana Paula Cupertino
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Santiago-Torres M, Mull KE, Sullivan BM, Zvolensky MJ, Bricker JB. Can a smartphone application help Hispanic/Latinx adults quit smoking? A randomized trial secondary analysis. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2022; 26:261-270. [PMID: 36437818 PMCID: PMC9683384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction There are no known efficacious digital smoking cessation interventions for Hispanic/Latinx adults who smoke. This study is a secondary analysis using data from a randomized trial to evaluate whether Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) delivered via a smartphone app (iCanQuit) would be more efficacious for smoking cessation than the US Clinical Practice (USCPG)-based app (QuitGuide) in a sample of Hispanic/Latinx participants. Methods A total of 210 Hispanic/Latinx adults who smoke were randomized to receive the iCanQuit or QuitGuide app for 12-months. Participants self-reported on 30-day abstinence from cigarette smoking at the 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups; 7-day abstinence at all follow-ups; abstinence from other nicotine/tobacco products at 12-months; and continuous prolonged abstinence from 3 to 12-months. Participants also reported on their willingness to accept cues to smoke without smoking and satisfaction with their apps. Results A total of 176 (84%) participants reported on study outcomes at the 12-month follow-up. Compared to QuitGuide participants, iCanQuit participants were significantly more likely to report 30-day abstinence from cigarette smoking at 12-months (34% iCanQuit, 20% QuitGuide; p=0.026). iCanQuit participants utilized their app more frequently and reported greater satisfaction with their assigned app than those who received the QuitGuide app. Increases in participants' willingness to accept cues to smoke mediated the intervention effect on abstinence from cigarette smoking at 12-months. Conclusions Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-delivered via a smartphone app may be efficacious for helping Hispanic/Latinx adults abstain from cigarette smoking. Replication in a fully powered randomized trial that focuses on an independent sample of Hispanic/Latinx adults is now needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Santiago-Torres
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kristin E. Mull
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brianna M. Sullivan
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael J. Zvolensky
- University of Houston, Department of Psychology, 3695 Cullen Blvd., Room 126, Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
- University of Houston, HEALTH Institutive, 4849 Calhoun Rd. Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Jonathan B. Bricker
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, Washington, USA
- University of Washington, Department of Psychology, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Web-delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for smoking cessation: Is it engaging and efficacious for US Hispanic/Latinx adult smokers? Prev Med Rep 2022; 29:101952. [PMID: 36161119 PMCID: PMC9501988 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hispanic/Latinx adult smokers in the United States (US) face barriers to receiving and utilizing evidenced-based cessation treatments compared with other racial/ethnic groups. The lack of efficacious and accessible smoking cessation treatments for this population further contributes to such smoking disparities. In a secondary analysis, we explored the efficacy of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-based website (WebQuit.org) versus a US Clinical Practice Guidelines (USCPG)-based website (Smokefree.gov) for smoking cessation in a subset of Hispanic/Latinx adult participants enrolled in the WebQuit trial. Of the 2,637 participants who were randomized in the parent trial, 222 were Hispanic/Latinx (n = 101 in WebQuit, n = 121 in Smokefree). Smoking cessation outcomes were measured at 3, 6, and 12-months. The primary outcome was self-reported complete-case 30-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) at 12-months. Treatment engagement and satisfaction, change in acceptance of urges to smoke, and commitment to quitting smoking were compared across conditions. Retention rate was 88% at 12-months. WebQuit participants had higher odds of smoking cessation compared to Smokefree participants at 12-months (40% vs. 25%; OR = 1.93 95% CI: 1.04, 3.59). Findings were similar using multiple imputation. WebQuit participants engaged more with the website than Smokefree participants through multiple indicators of engagement, including spending more time using the website (IRR = 2.32; 95% CI: 1.68, 3.20). Although WebQuit participants engaged more with the website than Smokefree participants, there was no evidence that differences in quit rates were mediated by engagement level. This study provides initial empirical evidence that digital interventions may be efficacious for helping Hispanic/Latinx adults quit smoking.
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Key Words
- ACT, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
- Acceptance and commitment therapy
- CI, 95% confidence interval
- FTND, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence
- Hispanic
- IRR, Incidence Rate Ratio
- LGB, lesbian, gay, or bisexual
- Latino(a) or Latinx
- OR, odds ratio
- PE, point estimate
- PPA, point-prevalence abstinence
- RCT, randomized clinical trial
- Smokefree.gov
- Smoking cessation
- US, United States
- USCPG, US Clinical Practice Guidelines
- Web-based interventions
- WebQuit.org
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Jiang N, Rogers ES, Cupertino P, Zhao X, Cartujano-Barrera F, Lyu JC, Hu L, Sherman SE. Development of a WeChat-based Mobile Messaging Smoking Cessation Intervention for Chinese Immigrant Smokers: Qualitative Interview Study. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e36091. [PMID: 35771603 PMCID: PMC9284363 DOI: 10.2196/36091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking remains a major public health issue among Chinese immigrants. Smoking cessation programs that focus on this population are scarce and have a limited population-level impact due to their low reach. Mobile messaging interventions have the potential to reach large audiences and expand smokers’ access to smoking cessation treatment. Objective This study describes the development of a culturally and linguistically appropriate mobile messaging smoking cessation intervention for Chinese immigrant smokers delivered via WeChat, the most frequently used social media platform among Chinese people globally. Methods This study had 2 phases. In phase 1, we developed a mobile message library based on social cognitive theory and the US Clinical Practice Guidelines for Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence. We culturally adapted messages from 2 social cognitive theory-based text messaging smoking cessation programs (SmokefreeTXT and Decídetexto). We also developed new messages targeting smokers who were not ready to quit smoking and novel content addressing Chinese immigrant smokers’ barriers to quitting and common misconceptions related to willpower and nicotine replacement therapy. In phase 2, we conducted in-depth interviews with 20 Chinese immigrant smokers (including 7 women) in New York City between July and August 2021. The interviews explored the participants’ smoking and quitting experiences followed by assessment of the text messages. Participants reviewed 17 text messages (6 educational messages, 3 self-efficacy messages, and 8 skill messages) via WeChat and rated to what extent the messages enhanced their motivation to quit, promoted confidence in quitting, and increased awareness about quitting strategies. The interviews sought feedback on poorly rated messages, explored participant preferences for content, length, and format, discussed their concerns with WeChat cessation intervention, and solicited recommendations for frequency and timing of messages. Results Overall, participants reported that the messages enhanced their motivation to quit, offered encouragement, and made them more informed about how to quit. Participants particularly liked the messages about the harms of smoking and strategies for quitting. They reported barriers to applying some of the quitting strategies, including coping with stress and staying abstinent at work. Participants expressed strong interest in the WeChat mobile messaging cessation intervention and commented on its potential to expand their access to smoking cessation treatment. Conclusions Mobile messages are well accepted by Chinese immigrant smokers. Research is needed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of WeChat mobile messaging smoking cessation interventions for promoting abstinence among Chinese immigrant smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Department of Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Erin S Rogers
- Department of Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Paula Cupertino
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Xiaoquan Zhao
- Department of Communication, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | | | - Joanne Chen Lyu
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Lu Hu
- Department of Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Scott E Sherman
- Department of Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY, United States
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