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Crossman S, Drummond M, Elliott S, Kay J, Montero A, Petersen JM. Facilitators and constraints to adult sports participation: A systematic review. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2024; 72:102609. [PMID: 38360078 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Despite the well-documented health, social and economic benefits of sports participation, adults' participation in organised sport declines as age increases. To date, no review has summarised the multi-level factors that influence adults' decisions to participate in sport. Therefore, this systematic literature review aimed to: 1) determine the facilitators, constraints and negotiated constraints to adults' (25-64 years) sport participation, and 2) summarise these factors according to the multiple levels of the social-ecological model. A total of 91 articles were identified following an extensive literature search conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Studies were published over four decades (1983-2023), predominantly located in North America (n = 45; 49.5%), ranged from 5 to 10,646 participants, examined mainly middle-aged adults (Mrange = 35-44 years; n = 52; 48.6%), included more males (61.6%) than females (38.1%), and were conducted in primarily single sport contexts (n = 63; 69.2%). Overall, more unique facilitators (55 items) were identified than constraints (35 items) and negotiated constraints (13 items). The desire for improved health and enjoyment were the most frequently reported facilitators, and the main constraints were injury or illness and family commitments. Constraint negotiation strategies largely included individual (e.g., implementing financial strategies) and interpersonal factors (e.g., encouraging others to participate). This review highlighted the expansive multi-level factors that influence adults' sports participation, reiterated the complexity of developing appropriate sport offerings, and identified a lack of studies examining non-sport participants. Strategies to support adult sport participation should focus on enjoyment, consider co-designed sport modifications to alleviate perceived constraints and integrate behaviour change theory to foster positive sport participation habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Crossman
- Flinders University, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Sport, Health, Activity, Performance and Exercise (SHAPE) Research Centre, Bedford Park, Australia.
| | - Murray Drummond
- Flinders University, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Sport, Health, Activity, Performance and Exercise (SHAPE) Research Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Sam Elliott
- Flinders University, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Sport, Health, Activity, Performance and Exercise (SHAPE) Research Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - James Kay
- Flinders University, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Sport, Health, Activity, Performance and Exercise (SHAPE) Research Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Ashley Montero
- Flinders University, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Sport, Health, Activity, Performance and Exercise (SHAPE) Research Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Jasmine M Petersen
- Flinders University, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Sport, Health, Activity, Performance and Exercise (SHAPE) Research Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
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Astawesegn FH, Mannan H, Stulz V, Conroy E. Understanding the uptake and determinants of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services in East Africa: Mixed methods systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300606. [PMID: 38635647 PMCID: PMC11025786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV service is conceptualized as a series of cascades that begins with all pregnant women and ends with the detection of a final HIV status in HIV-exposed infants (HEIs). A low rate of cascade completion by mothers' results in an increased risk of HIV transmission to their infants. Therefore, this review aimed to understand the uptake and determinants of key PMTCT services cascades in East Africa. METHODS We searched CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, and AIM databases using a predetermined search strategy to identify studies published from January 2012 through to March 2022 on the uptake and determinants of PMTCT of HIV services. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A random-effects model was used to obtain pooled estimates of (i) maternal HIV testing (ii) maternal ART initiation, (iii) infant ARV prophylaxis and (iv) early infant diagnosis (EID). Factors from quantitative studies were reviewed using a coding template based on the domains of the Andersen model (i.e., environmental, predisposing, enabling and need factors) and qualitative studies were reviewed using a thematic synthesis approach. RESULTS The searches yielded 2231 articles and we systematically reduced to 52 included studies. Forty quantitative, eight qualitative, and four mixed methods papers were located containing evidence on the uptake and determinants of PMTCT services. The pooled proportions of maternal HIV test and ART uptake in East Africa were 82.6% (95% CI: 75.6-88.0%) and 88.3% (95% CI: 78.5-93.9%). Similarly, the pooled estimates of infant ARV prophylaxis and EID uptake were 84.9% (95% CI: 80.7-88.3%) and 68.7% (95% CI: 57.6-78.0) respectively. Key factors identified were the place of residence, stigma, the age of women, the educational status of both parents, marital status, socioeconomic status, Knowledge about HIV/PMTCT, access to healthcare facilities, attitudes/perceived benefits towards PMTCT services, prior use of maternal and child health (MCH) services, and healthcare-related factors like resource scarcity and insufficient follow-up supervision. CONCLUSION Most of the identified factors were modifiable and should be considered when formulating policies and planning interventions. Hence, promoting women's education and economic empowerment, strengthening staff supervision, improving access to and integration with MCH services, and actively involving the community to reduce stigma are suggested. Engaging community health workers and expert mothers can also help to share the workload of healthcare providers because of the human resource shortage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feleke Hailemichael Astawesegn
- Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
- Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Haider Mannan
- Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Virginia Stulz
- School of Nursing and Midwifery Centre for Nursing and Midwifery Research, Western Sydney University, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Conroy
- Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
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Bohn-Goldbaum E, Cashmore A, Bauman A, Sullivan A, Fonua LR, Milat A, Reid K, Grunseit A. Team characteristics associated with weight loss in a First Nations community intervention: An observational study. Health Promot J Austr 2023; 34:9-12. [PMID: 36089699 PMCID: PMC10092725 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Group-based weight-loss programs can be effective in addressing high rates of overweight and obesity among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples. The purpose was to determine associations between demographic and baseline weight-related variables and team weight loss in a community-based intervention as no previous studies have analysed this at a team level. METHODS Binomial models tested associations between team-level age, proportion female and baseline weight and classification as higher weight-loss team (HWT) (>50% persons losing 2.5% of initial weight) vs lower weight-loss team (LWT). Linear regressions compared HWT and LWT on diet and physical activity (PA) outcomes adjusted for age and gender. RESULTS For each 1 kg increment in mean baseline weight, a team's likelihood of higher weight loss was increased by 4% (APR: 1.04, 95%CI: 1.00, 1.08). HWTs increased vigorous PA by 0.32 sessions more than LWTs (P = .02). Fruit and vegetable intakes were not associated with team weight loss classification. CONCLUSIONS Only baseline weight and vigorous PA distinguished HWT and LWT. Promoting PA components in team-based weight-loss approaches may be beneficial as these lend themselves to group participation. SO WHAT?: Demographic and baseline weight-related variables are largely not predictive of weight loss success in group programs. Identifying other characteristics shared by HWT may help teams achieve weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Bohn-Goldbaum
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, Prevention Research Collaboration, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,The Australian Partnership for Prevention Centre, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aaron Cashmore
- Population and Public Health Division, NSW Ministry of Health, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, Prevention Research Collaboration, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,The Australian Partnership for Prevention Centre, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anna Sullivan
- Population and Public Health Division, NSW Ministry of Health, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lose Rose Fonua
- Population and Public Health Division, NSW Ministry of Health, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew Milat
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, Prevention Research Collaboration, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,The Australian Partnership for Prevention Centre, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia.,Population and Public Health Division, NSW Ministry of Health, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate Reid
- Population and Public Health Division, NSW Ministry of Health, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne Grunseit
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, Prevention Research Collaboration, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,The Australian Partnership for Prevention Centre, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
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Parent wellbeing, family screen time and socioeconomic status during early childhood predict physical activity of aboriginal and Torres Strait islander children at ages 8–13. J Sci Med Sport 2022; 25:896-902. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.09.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Selk-Ghaffari M, Hassanmirzaei B, Nakhostin-Ansari A, Mahdaviani B, Khonji MS, Aghajani R, Gholami-Mehrabadi M, Khosravi A, Kordi R. Conceptualization and development of a questionnaire to determine physical activity barriers. Phys Act Nutr 2022; 26:17-21. [PMID: 35982625 PMCID: PMC9395253 DOI: 10.20463/pan.2022.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Considering the role of physical activity on public health and the high prevalence of physical inactivity worldwide, determining physical activity barriers is critical and will be a road map for future planning. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive questionnaire to determine physical activity barriers.[Methods] By reviewing previous studies, the main domains of the questionnaire were established. A physical activity expert interviewed 20 individuals aged 18 to 65 years. The results were evaluated by an expert panel for a content validity index. Face validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency were established on 204 individuals.[Results] The content validity index in all items was within the acceptable range (>0.85). Face validity was appropriate, and the misunderstanding index was < 20% in all items. Test-retest reliability in the final questionnaire in all items based on Cohen’s kappa was > 0.20, indicating fair agreement. Internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.63 was within the acceptable range.[Conclusion] The study revealed that the newly designed survey is valid, accurate, and reliable. The use of this comprehensive tool by policymakers would help them properly identify the perceived barriers, and thus perform better physical activity interventions as promotional health programs.
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The Barriers and Facilitators of Sport and Physical Activity Participation for Aboriginal Children in Rural New South Wales, Australia: A Photovoice Project. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19041986. [PMID: 35206182 PMCID: PMC8871796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19041986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Participating in physical activity is beneficial for health. Whilst Aboriginal children possess high levels of physical activity, this declines rapidly by early adolescence. Low physical activity participation is a behavioral risk factor for chronic disease, which is present at much higher rates in Australian Aboriginal communities compared to non-Aboriginal communities. Through photos and ‘yarning’, the Australian Aboriginal cultural form of conversation, this photovoice study explored the barriers and facilitators of sport and physical activity participation perceived by Aboriginal children (n = 17) in New South Wales rural communities in Australia for the first time and extended the limited research undertaken nationally. Seven key themes emerged from thematic analysis. Four themes described physical activity barriers, which largely exist at the community and interpersonal level of children’s social and cultural context: the physical environment, high costs related to sport and transport, and reliance on parents, along with individual risk factors such as unhealthy eating. Three themes identified physical activity facilitators that exist at the personal, interpersonal, and institutional level: enjoyment from being active, supportive social and family connections, and schools. Findings highlight the need for ongoing maintenance of community facilities to enable physical activity opportunities and ensure safety. Children held strong aspirations for improved and accessible facilities. The strength of friendships and the family unit should be utilized in co-designed and Aboriginal community-led campaigns.
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OUP accepted manuscript. Health Promot Int 2022:6554749. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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