Broom J, Broom A, Kenny K, Konecny P, Post JJ. Regulating antimicrobial use within hospitals: A qualitative study.
Infect Dis Health 2024;
29:81-90. [PMID:
38216402 DOI:
10.1016/j.idh.2023.12.001]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To examine how regulatory structures and processes focused on antimicrobial stewardship and antimicrobial resistance are experienced by hospital managers and clinicians.
METHODS
Forty-two hospital managers and clinicians working within accreditation and antimicrobial stewardship teams in three Australian hospitals participated in individual in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis was performed.
RESULTS
Thematic analysis revealed participants' experiences of hospital antimicrobial regulation and their perceptions of what would be required for meaningful antimicrobial optimisation. Theme 1: Experience of regulation of antimicrobials within hospitals: Participants described an increased profile of antimicrobial resistance with inclusion in regulatory requirements, but also the risks of bureaucratic manoeuvring to meet standards rather than governance-inducing systemic changes. Theme 2: Growth of accreditation processes and hospitals over time: Both regulatory requirements and hospitals were described as evolving over time, each manoeuvring in response to each other (e.g. development of short notice accreditation). Theme 3: Perceived requirements for change: Participants perceived a need for top-down buy-in, resource prioritisation, complex understanding of power and influence on clinician behaviour, and a critical need for medical engagement.
CONCLUSIONS
This study around antimicrobials shows the tension and dynamic relationship between regulatory processes and hospital responses, bringing to light the enduring balance of a system that positions itself to meet regulatory requirements and emerging "demands", without necessarily addressing the key underlying concerns. Antimicrobial resistance-related solutions are perceived as likely to require further resourcing and buy-in across multiple levels, engagement across professional streams and require strategies that consider complex systems change in order for regulatory structures to have potency.
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