Gratitude Moderates the Relation between Daily Hassles and Satisfaction with Life in University Students

Effects of Profession-Related Support from Different Sources on Subjective Well-Being Among Chinese Tuition-Free Normal University Students: The Mediation of Intrinsic Motivation for Teaching and Moderation of Dispositional Gratitude

Background

Tuition-free normal university students (TFNUS) have become an important group in Chinese normal university. The subjective well-being of TFNUS not only affects their own mental health, and decisions to stay in the teaching profession, but also can significantly influence their future student's perception of stress, learning motivation and academic achievement. However, little attention has been paid to the relationship between positive factors and TFNUS's subjective well-being and the underlying mechanism and boundary condition. The purpose of this study is to examine whether, how and when profession-related support from different sources influences TFNUS's subjective well-being.

Methods

Based on the Conservation of Resource Theory and Self-Determination Theory, a time-lagged design was used to collect two wave data (N=526), and we use dominance analysis to examine the relative importance of profession-related support from significant others (eg, government, teachers, and parents) in relation to subjective well-being among Chinese tuition-free normal university students, and propose a moderated mediation model to reveal the mediating (intrinsic motivation for teaching) and moderating (dispositional gratitude) effects of this relation.

Results

Profession-related government, teacher, and parent support were all positively related to subjective well-being, in a descending order of relative importance were as follows: teacher, parent and government. Furthermore, intrinsic motivation for teaching mediated the relationship between profession-related support and subjective well-being. In addition, dispositional gratitude only moderated the relationship between two sources (teacher and parent, respectively) of profession-related support and intrinsic motivation for teaching. Moreover, dispositional gratitude moderated the strength of the indirect effect of profession-related teacher support and parent support on subjective well-being (through intrinsic motivation for teaching), and the mediated relationship was stronger for those with high (vs low) dispositional gratitude.

Conclusion

The profession-related support had positive direct effect on tuition-free normal university students' subjective well-being, as well as indirect effect through intrinsic motivation for teaching. Dispositional gratitude moderated the relationship between of profession-related teacher, parent support and intrinsic motivation for teaching, and the strength of the indirect effect of this support on subjective well-being.

Relationship between perceived social support and mental health among Chinese college football athletes: a moderated mediation model

Previous researches have confirmed that perceived social support has a profound effect on individuals' mental health. However, the effects and potential mechanisms of perceived social support on mental health of college athletes are still largely unknown, especially during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the relationship between perceived social support and mental health in college football athletes, and to evaluate whether hopelessness and psychological pressure affected this relationship. A sample of 672 Chinese college football athletes (37.9% girls; Mage = 20.43 years; SDage = 1.68) were investigated with the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Surveys were voluntary and anonymous. The findings revealed that, after adjusting for demographic factors, hopelessness mediated the relationship between Chinese college football athletes' perceived social support and their mental health. Furthermore, psychological pressure moderated the negative association between perceived social support and hopelessness, and the association was stronger for them with high-level psychological pressure. These results underline the need for focused strategies in the prevention and treatment of mental health issues among Chinese college football athletes.