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Wu J, Li Y, Xu B, Li M, Wang J, Shao Y, Chen F, Sun M, Liu B. Effects of Physicochemical Parameters on Struvite Crystallization Based on Kinetics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127204. [PMID: 35742453 PMCID: PMC9222832 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The precipitation of struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) is considered to be a promising method for the recovery of phosphate from wastewater. In this review, the kinetic models, which are commonly used to explain the process of struvite crystallization, are described. The mixed-suspension mixed-product removal (MSMPR) model is based on the population balance equation (the size-dependent growth model and the size-independent growth model). Thereafter, the first-order kinetic fitting model that aligned with concentration changes in the substrate is summarized. Finally, the several physical and chemical factors that affected the efficiency of struvite crystallization are determined. The supersaturation ratio, which is seen as the driving force of struvite crystallization, is the main factor that influences crystallization; however, it cannot be used in practical applications of engineering because it is indirectly associated with the following factors: pH, the molar ratio of Mg:N:P, and the interference of foreign impurities. In this study, we present conclusions that should be used to guide further research studies, and encourage the engineering practice of wastewater treatment with struvite precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhu Wu
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Yifan Li
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Baojian Xu
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Mei Li
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Jing Wang
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Yuanyuan Shao
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Feiyong Chen
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Meng Sun
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1, Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu 802-8577, Japan;
| | - Bing Liu
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence:
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