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Mah J, Ritchie AI, Finney LJ. Selected updates on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2024; 30:136-140. [PMID: 38099447 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0000000000001042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is preventable disease and yet it remains the third greatest cause of death worldwide. This review focuses on recent updates in COPD research which have had an impact on our understanding of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of COPD. RECENT FINDINGS Epidemiological studies of COPD have moved towards trying to understand the global impact of COPD particularly in low- and middle-income countries where disease prevalence continues to increase. In addition, we are beginning to uncover the impact of air pollution on COPD development with recent work showing a relationship between air pollution and COPD exacerbations. Advances in understanding early origins and early development of COPD have the potential to intervene earlier in the disease course to prevent disease progression. Although biomarkers such as peripheral blood eosinophilia have led to trials of biologic agents in COPD suggesting we may be entering an exciting new biologic era in COPD. SUMMARY Recent advances suggest there may be a relationship between air pollution and COPD exacerbations. This requires further research to influence environmental policy. New clinical trials of biologics targeting TH2 inflammation in COPD suggest that targeted treatments with biologics may be a possibility COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordina Mah
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London
| | - Andrew I Ritchie
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London
- Early Clinical Development, Respiratory and Immunology, Clinical, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge
| | - Lydia J Finney
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, UK
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Meng Q, Wang J, Cui J, Li B, Wu S, Yun J, Aschner M, Wang C, Zhang L, Li X, Chen R. Prediction of COPD acute exacerbation in response to air pollution using exosomal circRNA profile and Machine learning. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 168:107469. [PMID: 36041244 PMCID: PMC9939562 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is linked to an increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations, which significantly increase the risk of mortality in COPD patients. Identifying the subtype of COPD patients who are sensitive to environmental aggressions is necessary. Using in vitro and in vivo PM2.5 exposure models, we demonstrate that exosomal hsa_circ_0005045 is upregulated by PM2.5 and binds to the protein cargo peroxiredoxin2, which functionally aggravates hallmarks of COPD by recruiting neutrophil elastase and triggering in situ release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α by inflammatory cells. The biological function of hsa_circ_0005045 associated with aggravation of COPD is validated using exosome-transplantation and conditional circRNA-knockdown murine models. By sorting the major components of PM2.5, we find that PM2.5-bound heavy metals, which are distinguishable from the components of cigarette smoke, trigger the elevation of exosomal hsa_circ_0005045. Finally, using machine learning models in a cohort with 327 COPD patients, the PM2.5 exposure-sensitive COPD patients are characterized by relatively high hsa_circ_0005045 expression, non-smoking, and group C (mMRC 0-1 (or CAT < 10) and ≥ 2 exacerbations (or ≥ 1 exacerbation leading to hospital admission) in the past year). Thus, our results suggest that environmental reduction in PM2.5 emission provides a targeted approach to protecting non-smoking COPD patients against air pollution-related disease exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtao Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Jian Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, 87, Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Shenshen Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Jun Yun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Chengshuo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Allergy, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing China; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100005, China.
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Rui Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; School of Public Health, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
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