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Chang YH, Chen HJ, Barquero C, Tsai HJ, Liang WK, Hsu CH, Muggleton NG, Wang CA. Linking tonic and phasic pupil responses to P300 amplitude in an emotional face-word Stroop task. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14479. [PMID: 37920144 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system, which regulates arousal levels, is important for cognitive control, including emotional conflict resolution. Additionally, the LC-NE system is implicated in P300 generation. If the P300 is mediated by the LC-NE system, and considering the established correlations between LC activity and pupil dilation, P300 amplitude should correlate with task-evoked (phasic) pupil dilation on a trial-by-trial basis. However, prior studies, predominantly utilizing oddball-type paradigms, have not demonstrated correlations between concurrently recorded task-evoked pupil dilation and P300 responses. Using a recently developed emotional face-word Stroop task that links pupil dilation to the LC-NE system, here, we examined both intra- and inter-individual correlations between task-evoked pupil dilation and P300 amplitude. We found that lower accuracy, slower reaction times, and larger task-evoked pupil dilation were obtained in the incongruent compared to the congruent condition. Furthermore, we observed intra-individual correlations between task-evoked pupil dilation and P300 amplitude, with larger pupil dilation correlating with a greater P300 amplitude. In contrast, pupil dilation did not exhibit consistent correlations with N450 and N170 amplitudes. Baseline (tonic) pupil size also showed correlations with P300 and N170 amplitudes, with smaller pupil size corresponding to larger amplitude. Moreover, inter-individual differences in task-evoked pupil dilation between the congruent and incongruent conditions correlated with differences in reaction time and P300 amplitude, though these effects only approached significance. To summarize, our study provides evidence for a connection between task-evoked pupil dilation and P300 amplitude at the single-trial level, suggesting the involvement of the LC-NE system in P300 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - He-Jun Chen
- Eye-Tracking Laboratory, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Cesar Barquero
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Eye-Tracking Laboratory, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Hsu Jung Tsai
- Eye-Tracking Laboratory, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kuang Liang
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Cognitive Intelligence and Precision Healthcare Center, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsien Hsu
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Neil G Muggleton
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Cognitive Intelligence and Precision Healthcare Center, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chin-An Wang
- Eye-Tracking Laboratory, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Fan J, Li W, Lin M, Li X, Deng X. Effects of mindfulness and fatigue on emotional processing: an event-related potentials study. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1175067. [PMID: 37304761 PMCID: PMC10249016 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1175067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatigue is a common experience in everyday life. People who experience fatigue will have more intense negative emotions, and at the same time, their positive emotions will decrease, impairing the individual's emotional processing ability. In previous research, mindfulness meditation reduces the intensity of negative emotional stimuli. However, if individuals continue to be affected by negative emotions when they are fatigued, it is unclear whether mindfulness can buffer the negative association between fatigue and emotions. This study examined whether mindfulness meditation affects the association between fatigue and emotions, using event-related potentials (ERPs). One hundred and forty-five participants completed the experiment. They were randomly assigned to the Mindfulness or Non-mindfulness group; and they were presented with positive, neutral, or negative pictures in an emotional processing task before and after mindfulness or rest. Late positive potential (LPP) is an important indicator of emotional stimuli perceived by individuals, and positive or negative pictures can induce an increase in LPP amplitude more than neutral pictures. Our findings suggest that fatigue significantly affected individuals' LPP amplitudes in the early, mid, and late windows in the Non-mindfulness group, specifically, the more fatigued individuals had lower LPP amplitudes, but not in the Mindfulness group. These results suggest that in a state of fatigue, mindful individuals are able to maintain responsiveness to emotional stimuli by maintaining LPP amplitude. Our study has demonstrated that mindfulness meditation, to some extent, offsets the negative association of fatigue with the neural activation of emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Fan
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- The Shenzhen Humanities and Social Sciences Key Research Bases of the Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingping Lin
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinqi Li
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinmei Deng
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- The Shenzhen Humanities and Social Sciences Key Research Bases of the Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen, China
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Liu H, Shi R, Liao R, Liu Y, Che J, Bai Z, Cheng N, Ma H. Machine Learning Based on Event-Related EEG of Sustained Attention Differentiates Adults with Chronic High-Altitude Exposure from Healthy Controls. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12121677. [PMID: 36552137 PMCID: PMC9775506 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of high altitude on inhibitory control processes that underlie sustained attention in the neural correlates of EEG data, and explore whether the EEG data reflecting inhibitory control contain valuable information to classify high-altitude chronic hypoxia and plain controls. (2) Methods: 35 chronic high-altitude hypoxic adults and 32 matched controls were recruited. They were required to perform the go/no-go sustained attention task (GSAT) using event-related potentials. Three machine learning algorithms, namely a support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR), and a decision tree (DT), were trained based on the related ERP components and neural oscillations to build a dichotomous classification model. (3) Results: Behaviorally, we found that the high altitude (HA) group had lower omission error rates during all observation periods than the low altitude (LA) group. Meanwhile, the ERP results showed that the HA participants had significantly shorter latency than the LAs for sustained potential (SP), indicating vigilance to response-related conflict. Meanwhile, event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) analysis suggested that lowlander immigrants exposed to high altitudes may have compensatory activated prefrontal cortexes (PFC), as reflected by slow alpha, beta, and theta frequency-band neural oscillations. Finally, the machine learning results showed that the SVM achieved the optimal classification F1 score in the later stage of sustained attention, with an F1 score of 0.93, accuracy of 92.54%, sensitivity of 91.43%, specificity of 93.75%, and area under ROC curve (AUC) of 0.97. The results proved that SVM classification algorithms could be applied to identify chronic high-altitude hypoxia. (4) Conclusions: Compared with other methods, the SVM leads to a good overall performance that increases with the time spent on task, illustrating that the ERPs and neural oscillations may provide neuroelectrophysiological markers for identifying chronic plateau hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Liu
- Psychology Department, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Nerve Injury and Repair, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China
- Hebei International Research Center of Medical Engineering, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China
| | - Ruijuan Shi
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University/South China Normal University, Lhasa 850012, China
| | - Runchao Liao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (H.M.); Tel.: +86-187-3246-7083 (Y.L.); +86-150-8905-6060 (H.M.)
| | - Jiajun Che
- Psychology Department, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China
| | - Ziyu Bai
- Psychology Department, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China
| | - Nan Cheng
- Psychology Department, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China
| | - Hailin Ma
- Hebei International Research Center of Medical Engineering, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (H.M.); Tel.: +86-187-3246-7083 (Y.L.); +86-150-8905-6060 (H.M.)
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