1
|
Liu J, Ito S, Ngo TM, Lawate A, Ong QC, Fox TE, Chang SY, Phung D, Nair E, Palaiyan M, Joty S, Abisheganaden J, Lee CP, Lwin MO, Theng YL, Ho MHR, Chia M, Bojic I, Car J. A pilot randomised controlled trial exploring the feasibility and efficacy of a human-AI sleep coaching model for improving sleep among university students. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241241244. [PMID: 38638406 PMCID: PMC11025445 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241241244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Sleep quality is a crucial concern, particularly among youth. The integration of health coaching with question-answering (QA) systems presents the potential to foster behavioural changes and enhance health outcomes. This study proposes a novel human-AI sleep coaching model, combining health coaching by peers and a QA system, and assesses its feasibility and efficacy in improving university students' sleep quality. Methods In a four-week unblinded pilot randomised controlled trial, 59 university students (mean age: 21.9; 64% males) were randomly assigned to the intervention (health coaching and QA system; n = 30) or the control conditions (QA system; n = 29). Outcomes included efficacy of the intervention on sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PSQI), objective and self-reported sleep measures (obtained from Fitbit and sleep diaries) and feasibility of the study procedures and the intervention. Results Analysis revealed no significant differences in sleep quality (PSQI) between intervention and control groups (adjusted mean difference = -0.51, 95% CI: [-1.55-0.77], p = 0.40). The intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in Fitbit measures of total sleep time (adjusted mean difference = 32.5, 95% CI: [5.9-59.1], p = 0.02) and time in bed (adjusted mean difference = 32.3, 95% CI: [2.7-61.9], p = 0.03) compared to the control group, although other sleep measures were insignificant. Adherence was high, with the majority of the intervention group attending all health coaching sessions. Most participants completed baseline and post-intervention self-report measures, all diary entries, and consistently wore Fitbits during sleep. Conclusions The proposed model showed improvements in specific sleep measures for university students and the feasibility of the study procedures and intervention. Future research may extend the intervention period to see substantive sleep quality improvements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jintana Liu
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sakura Ito
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tra My Ngo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ashwini Lawate
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qi Chwen Ong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tatiana Erlikh Fox
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Si Yuan Chang
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Duy Phung
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Malar Palaiyan
- University Counselling Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shafiq Joty
- Salesforce AI Research, San Francisco, CA, USA
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John Abisheganaden
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chuen Peng Lee
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - May Oo Lwin
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yin Leng Theng
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Moon-Ho Ringo Ho
- School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Chia
- Physical Education and Sports Science, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Iva Bojic
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Josip Car
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Life Course & Population Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou J, Qu J, Ji S, Bu Y, Hu Y, Sun H, Xue M, Zhou T, Qu J, Liu Y. Research trends in college students' sleep from 2012 to 2021: A bibliometric analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1005459. [PMID: 36203831 PMCID: PMC9530190 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1005459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A great proportion of college students experience various sleep problems, which damage their health and study performance. College students' sleep problems, which are caused by several factors, have been easily ignored before. In the past decade, more research has been published to expand our understanding of undergraduates' sleep. The purpose of the study is to explore the research hotspots and frontiers regarding college students' sleep using CiteSpace5.8.R3 and offer guidance for future study. METHODS We retrieved relevant literature from the Web of Science Core Collection Database and imputed the downloaded files into CiteSpace5.8.R3 for visualization analysis. We generated network maps of the collaborations between authors, countries, institutions, the cited journals, and co-occurrence keywords. The analysis of keywords clusters, timeline views, and keywords citation bursts help us identify the hotspots and research trends. RESULTS A total of 1,841 articles related to college students' sleep, published from 2012 to 2021, were selected. The number of publications gradually increased. Karl Peltzer was the most prolific authors with 15 publications. The United States and Harvard University separately contributed 680 and 40 articles and had the greatest impact in this field. SLEEP ranked first in the frequency of cited journals. The article published by Lund HG was the most influential publication. Based on the analysis of keywords, we summarized research hotspots as follows: current status, affecting factors, and adverse outcomes of college students' sleep. The frontiers were the further understanding of the relationships between sleep and mental and physical health, and various interventions for sleep disorders. CONCLUSION Our study illustrates the research hotspots and trends and calls for more research to expand the findings. In the future, the cooperation between institutions and authors needs to be strengthened. The complex relationships between sleep and mental and physical health and problematic substance use disorders are necessary to be explored. Longitudinal studies or randomized controlled trials should be constructed to verify the current findings or assumptions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Zhou
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Junchao Qu
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Ji
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Bu
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yicheng Hu
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huiping Sun
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mengxin Xue
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiling Qu
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongbing Liu
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|