Manganese and Lead Exposure and Early Puberty Onset in Children Living near a Ferromanganese Alloy Plant

Biomonitoring of arsenic, lead, manganese and mercury in hair from a presumably exposed Uruguayan child population

Aim: To perform an exposure assessment of arsenic, manganese, mercury and lead levels in hair samples from children from poor neighborhoods. Materials & methods: A total of 38 Caucasian children were recruited with the consent of their parents or tutors. Determinations were performed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results & conclusion: Results were 0.045-0.12 μg/g-1 (arsenic), 0.56-2.05 μg/g-1 (manganese) and 0.34-27.8 μg/g-1 (lead). Lead results did not correlate with those previously reported in blood from the same individuals, suggesting that hair is not useful for exposure assessment of this contaminant. Mercury was determined for the first time in Uruguayan children showing levels <0.083 μg/g-1. Results revealed low-to-moderate metal exposure, except for some high lead findings.