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Wang Z, Song B, Wang J, Wang X, Tang B. Alzheimer's disease and its family history reduce the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: A Mendelian randomization study. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 39192692 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Binyang Song
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
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Wang F, Chen L, Nie M, Li Z. Integrative analysis of causal associations between neurodegenerative diseases and colorectal cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35432. [PMID: 39170445 PMCID: PMC11336615 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have shown that the correlation between neurodegenerative diseases and colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the causal association between these two diseases. Methods Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to assess the causal relationships between five major neurodegenerative diseases and CRC. Multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was conducted to assess the direct causal effect of neurodegenerative diseases on CRC. Colocalization and pathway enrichment analyses were conducted to further elucidate our results. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness of the results. Results Genetically predicted Alzheimer's disease (AD) nominally increased CRC risk (OR = 1.0620, 95%CI = 1.0127-1.1136, P = 0.013). There was no causal effect of genetically predicted CRC on neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, we demonstrated that genetically predicted AD marginally increased colon cancer risk (OR = 1.1621, 95%CI = 1.0267-1.3153, P = 0.017). Genetically predicted Lewy body dementia (LBD) had a significant causal effect on the increasing risk of colon cancer (IVW OR = 1.1779, 95%CI = 1.0694-1.2975, P = 0.001). MVMR indicated that effect of AD on colon cancer was driven by LBD, type 2 diabetes, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, total cholesterol (TC), processed meat consumption, smoking, alcohol consumption, and educational attainment, whereas the effect of LBD on colon cancer was only influenced by TC. Colocalization and pathway enrichment analysis suggested that LBD and colon cancer possibly shared causal variants (nearby gene APOE), and ERBB4 signaling and lipid metabolism may mediate the causal association between LBD and colon cancer. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the reliability of our findings. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that genetic vulnerabilities to AD nominally increased the overall risk of CRC and colon cancer. Genetically predicted LBD indicated an elevated risk of colon cancer, potentially linked to ERBB4 signaling and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Wang
- Gastrointestinal Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiation Sickness, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mengke Nie
- Department of General Practice, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Zhongxin Li
- Gastrointestinal Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
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Nguyen CQN, Ma L, Low YLC, Tan ECK, Fowler C, Masters CL, Jin L, Pan Y. Exploring the link between comorbidities and Alzheimer's dementia in the Australian Imaging, Biomarker & Lifestyle (AIBL) study. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 16:e12593. [PMID: 38770381 PMCID: PMC11103763 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mounting evidence suggests that certain comorbidities may influence the clinical evolution of Alzheimer's dementia (AD). METHODS We conducted logistic regression analyses on the medical history and cognitive health diagnoses of participants in the Australian Imaging, Biomarker & Lifestyle study (n = 2443) to investigate cross-sectional associations between various comorbidities and mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/AD. RESULTS A mixture of associations were observed. Higher comorbidity of anxiety and other neurological disorders was associated with higher odds of AD, while arthritis, cancer, gastric complaints, high cholesterol, joint replacement, visual defect, kidney and liver disease were associated with lower odds of AD. DISCUSSION This study underscores the links between specific comorbidities and MCI/AD. Further research is needed to elucidate the longitudinal comorbidity-MCI/AD associations and underlying mechanisms of these associations. Highlights Comorbidities that significantly increased AD odds included anxiety and other neurological disorders.Arthritis, cancer, gastric complaints, high cholesterol, joint replacement, visual defect, kidney and liver disease were associated with lower odds of AD.Alcohol consumption had the most significant confounding effect in the study.Visual-AD association was modified by age, sex, and APOE ε4 allele status.Anxiety-AD and depression-AD associations were modified by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liwei Ma
- The Florey InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Yi Ling Clare Low
- The Florey InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Edwin C. K. Tan
- School of PharmacyFaculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Christopher Fowler
- The Florey InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Colin L. Masters
- The Florey InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Liang Jin
- The Florey InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Yijun Pan
- The Florey InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and DynamicsMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Organ AnatomyGraduate School of MedicineTohoku UniversitySendaiMiyagiJapan
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Afsar A, Zhang L. Putative Molecular Mechanisms Underpinning the Inverse Roles of Mitochondrial Respiration and Heme Function in Lung Cancer and Alzheimer's Disease. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:185. [PMID: 38534454 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell. Mitochondria serve as the major source of oxidative stress. Impaired mitochondria produce less adenosine triphosphate (ATP) but generate more reactive oxygen species (ROS), which could be a major factor in the oxidative imbalance observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Well-balanced mitochondrial respiration is important for the proper functioning of cells and human health. Indeed, recent research has shown that elevated mitochondrial respiration underlies the development and therapy resistance of many types of cancer, whereas diminished mitochondrial respiration is linked to the pathogenesis of AD. Mitochondria govern several activities that are known to be changed in lung cancer, the largest cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Because of the significant dependence of lung cancer cells on mitochondrial respiration, numerous studies demonstrated that blocking mitochondrial activity is a potent strategy to treat lung cancer. Heme is a central factor in mitochondrial respiration/oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and its association with cancer is the subject of increased research in recent years. In neural cells, heme is a key component in mitochondrial respiration and the production of ATP. Here, we review the role of impaired heme metabolism in the etiology of AD. We discuss the numerous mitochondrial effects that may contribute to AD and cancer. In addition to emphasizing the significance of heme in the development of both AD and cancer, this review also identifies some possible biological connections between the development of the two diseases. This review explores shared biological mechanisms (Pin1, Wnt, and p53 signaling) in cancer and AD. In cancer, these mechanisms drive cell proliferation and tumorigenic functions, while in AD, they lead to cell death. Understanding these mechanisms may help advance treatments for both conditions. This review discusses precise information regarding common risk factors, such as aging, obesity, diabetes, and tobacco usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Afsar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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Yuan C, Liu S, Yang K, Xie F, Li Y, Guo Y, Zhao W, Zhang J, Cheng Z. Causal association between colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2024; 14:1180905. [PMID: 38250575 PMCID: PMC10797121 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1180905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease are both common life-threatening diseases in the elderly population. Some studies suggest a possible inverse relationship between colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease, but real-world research is subject to many biases. We hope to clarify the causal relationship between the two through a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Methods: In our study, we used genetic summary data from large-scale genome-wide association studies to investigate the relationship between colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Our primary analysis employed the inverse-variance weighted method and we also used complementary techniques, including MR-Egger, weighted median estimator, and Maximum likelihood. We applied simex adjustment to the MR-Egger results. We also utilized the MRlap package to detect potential sample overlap and its impact on the bias of the results. In addition, we performed several sensitivity and heterogeneity analyses, to ensure the reliability of our results. Results: The combined effect size results of the inverse-variance weighted method indicate that colorectal cancer may decrease the incidence of Alzheimer's disease, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.846 (95% CI: 0.762-0.929). Similar results were observed using other methods such as MR-Egger, weighted median estimator, and Maximum likelihood. On the other hand, Alzheimer's disease may slightly increase the incidence of colorectal cancer, with an OR of 1.014 (95% CI: 1.001-1.027). However, the results of one subgroup were not significant, and the results from MRlap indicated that sample overlap introduced bias into the results. Therefore, the results of the reverse validation are not reliable. The F-statistic for all SNPs was greater than 20. Four SNPs related to the outcome were excluded using Phenoscanner website but the adjustment did not affect the overall direction of the results. The results of these statistics were further validated by MR-PRESSO, funnel plots, leave-one-out analyses, Cochran's Q, demonstrating the reliability of the findings. Conclusion: According to the findings of this Mendelian randomization study, there appears to be a causal association between colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease. These results could have important implications for clinical practice in terms of how colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease are treated. To better understand the relationship between these two diseases, more research and screening are needed in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Yuan
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Saisai Liu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kezhen Yang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Feiyu Xie
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Oncology Department, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinan Li
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Oncology Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medicine University, Beijing, China
| | - Yantong Guo
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Zhao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jincheng Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Su Z, Zhang G, Li X, Zhang H. Inverse correlation between Alzheimer's disease and cancer from the perspective of hypoxia. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 131:59-73. [PMID: 37572528 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Sporadic Alzheimer's disease and cancer remain epidemiologically inversely related, and exploring the reverse pathogenesis is important for our understanding of both. Cognitive dysfunctions in Alzheimer's disease (AD) might result from the depletion of adaptive reserves in the brain. Energy storage in the brain is limited and is dynamically regulated by neurovascular and neurometabolic coupling. The research on neurodegenerative diseases has been dominated by the neurocentric view that neuronal defects cause the diseases. However, the proposal of the 2-hit vascular hypothesis in AD led us to focus on alterations in the vasculature, especially hypoperfusion. Chronic hypoxia is a feature shared by AD and cancer. It is interesting how contradicting chronic hypoxia's effects on both cancer and AD are. In this article, we discuss the potential links between the 2 diseases' etiology, from comparable upstream circumstances to diametrically opposed downstream effects. We suggest opposing potential mechanisms, including upregulation and downregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, the Warburg and reverse-Warburg effects, lactate-mediated intracellular acidic and alkaline conditions, and VDAC1-mediated apoptosis and antiapoptosis, and search for regulators that may be identified as the crossroads between cancer and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Su
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guimei Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangting Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haining Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Chen Y, Yao L, Zhao S, Xu M, Ren S, Xie L, Liu L, Wang Y. The oxidative aging model integrated various risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus at system level. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1196293. [PMID: 37293508 PMCID: PMC10244788 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1196293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic endocrine metabolic disease caused by insulin dysregulation. Studies have shown that aging-related oxidative stress (as "oxidative aging") play a critical role in the onset and progression of T2DM, by leading to an energy metabolism imbalance. However, the precise mechanisms through which oxidative aging lead to T2DM are yet to be fully comprehended. Thus, it is urgent to integrate the underlying mechanisms between oxidative aging and T2DM, where meaningful prediction models based on relative profiles are needed. Methods First, machine learning was used to build the aging model and disease model. Next, an integrated oxidative aging model was employed to identify crucial oxidative aging risk factors. Finally, a series of bioinformatic analyses (including network, enrichment, sensitivity, and pan-cancer analyses) were used to explore potential mechanisms underlying oxidative aging and T2DM. Results The study revealed a close relationship between oxidative aging and T2DM. Our results indicate that nutritional metabolism, inflammation response, mitochondrial function, and protein homeostasis are key factors involved in the interplay between oxidative aging and T2DM, even indicating key indices across different cancer types. Therefore, various risk factors in T2DM were integrated, and the theories of oxi-inflamm-aging and cellular senescence were also confirmed. Conclusion In sum, our study successfully integrated the underlying mechanisms linking oxidative aging and T2DM through a series of computational methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lilin Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuheng Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengchu Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Siwei Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lu Xie
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics & Institute for Genome and Bioinformatics, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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