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Turner SG, Pillemer K, Demetres M, Heaney K, Joshi S, Luebke M, Messay G, Reid MC. Physical pain among family caregivers to older adults: A scoping review of the literature. J Am Geriatr Soc 2024; 72:2853-2865. [PMID: 38895995 PMCID: PMC11368645 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.19037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Scholarship on the health of family caregivers to older adults continues to expand. Although existing research suggests that many family caregivers experience pain, which impacts their ability to perform caregiving tasks and is associated with care recipients' unmet needs, the scope of research on family caregivers' pain remains poorly characterized. We conducted a scoping review of research on pain among family caregivers to older adults to characterize existing evidence and identify knowledge gaps. METHODS We searched multiple databases spanning from January 2012 to July 2023, identified eligible studies using predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria, and extracted key data (e.g., study design/methodology, pain measurement, caregiver pain type, and major findings). RESULTS We identified 46 eligible studies conducted in the United States (n = 19) and internationally (n = 27). Studies often focused on caregivers for older adults with specific health conditions, such as cancer (n = 11), dementia (n = 8), or stroke (n = 3). The most commonly employed pain measure was a single-item dichotomous question about pain (n = 16), followed by a visual numeric or visual analog scale (n = 11). Nine studies (five randomized controlled trials) reported on five caregiver pain management interventions, including yoga/exercise programs and caregiver education programs. DISCUSSION Existing research on family caregivers' pain offers an important foundation. However, more robust research designs are necessary. We identify possibilities for future studies in addition to opportunities for systematic investigations to support the family caregivers being relied upon to care for the increasing number of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelbie G Turner
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Translational Research Institute on Pain in Later Life, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Karl Pillemer
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Translational Research Institute on Pain in Later Life, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Michelle Demetres
- Samuel J. Wood Library and C.V. Starr Biomedical Information Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kathleen Heaney
- Translational Research Institute on Pain in Later Life, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Sama Joshi
- Translational Research Institute on Pain in Later Life, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew Luebke
- College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Hackensack, New Jersey, USA
| | - Gelila Messay
- Translational Research Institute on Pain in Later Life, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - M Carrington Reid
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Translational Research Institute on Pain in Later Life, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Hernandez-Lucas P, Leirós-Rodríguez R, Lopez-Barreiro J, García-Soidán JL. Prevention of non-specific back pain through exercise and education: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2024; 37:585-598. [PMID: 38217578 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-230252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical practice guidelines stress the importance of prevention and treatment of non-specific back pain through exercise therapy. However, it has not yet been confirmed whether the combination of exercise plus education is more effective than such interventions taken separately. OBJECTIVE To determine if the combination of exercise plus education is more effective for the prevention of non-specific back pain than exercise or education alone. METHOD A systematic search of studies whose sample consisted of participants without non-specific back pain (primary prevention) and participants with non-specific back pain (secondary and tertiary prevention) was conducted in the following databases in March 2023: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Medline. RESULTS A total of 16 articles were selected. Statistically significant results were found in the pain variable with SMD =-2.02 (95% CI =-2.71 to -1.33; p< 0.001), the disability variable with SMD =-1.14 (95% CI =-1.63 to -0.65; p< 0.001), and the kinesiophobia variable with SMD =-1.8 (95% CI =-2.54 to -1.05; p< 0.001). CONCLUSION Interventions that combine exercise and education seem to have a greater preventive effect on non-specific back pain, disability and kinesiophobia than those that include exercise or education in an isolated manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Hernandez-Lucas
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Raquel Leirós-Rodríguez
- SALBIS Research Group, Nursing and Physical Therapy Department, University of León, Ponferrada, Spain
| | - Juan Lopez-Barreiro
- Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
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