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Gao H, Dai N, Lin C, Ye Y, Yang D, Zhang Q, Mao J, Lou Z, Ji Y, Ruan L, Hou Y. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of adolescent depression among parents of children diagnosed with depression in Ningbo City, eastern China. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1404819. [PMID: 38919922 PMCID: PMC11196748 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1404819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate parental knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward adolescent depression. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted between October 2022 and October 2023 at The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University among parents of adolescents diagnosed with depression. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the parents' demographic characteristics and KAP toward adolescent depression. Results A total of 522 questionnaires were collected from parents of depressed adolescents. Among the participants, 383 (73.37%) were female. In addition, 426 participants (81.61%) had children aged 14-18. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 9.09 ± 2.37 (possible range: 0-12), 37.04 ± 4.11 (possible range: 11-55), and 31.53 ± 3.84 (possible range: 8-40), respectively. There were significant positive correlations between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.225, p < 0.001), knowledge and practice (r = 0.240, p < 0.001), and attitude and practice (r = 0.381, p < 0.001). The path analysis showed significant direct effects of knowledge on attitude (β = 0.422, p < 0.001) and practice (β = 0.283, p < 0.001). There was an indirect effect of knowledge on practice through attitude (β = 0.131, p = 0.004). Attitude directly impacted practice (β = 0.311, p < 0.001). Conclusion Parents of adolescents diagnosed with depression exhibited moderate KAP regarding adolescent depression. The study underscored the importance of targeted interventions to improve parental KAP in supporting adolescents with depression. Moreover, future research should explore additional factors influencing parental attitudes and behaviors toward adolescent depression to develop more effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ni Dai
- Department of Psychosomatics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Psychosomatics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yun Ye
- Department of Psychosomatics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Dalu Yang
- Department of Psychosomatics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- Department of Psychosomatics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiaxin Mao
- Department of Psychosomatics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhongze Lou
- Department of Psychosomatics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yunxin Ji
- Department of Psychosomatics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liemin Ruan
- Department of Psychosomatics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yanbin Hou
- Department of Psychosomatics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Fusar-Poli P, Estradé A, Esposito CM, Rosfort R, Basadonne I, Mancini M, Stanghellini G, Otaiku J, Olanrele O, Allen L, Lamba M, Alaso C, Ieri J, Atieno M, Oluoch Y, Ireri P, Tembo E, Phiri IZ, Nkhoma D, Sichone N, Siadibbi C, Sundi PRIO, Ntokozo N, Fusar-Poli L, Floris V, Mensi MM, Borgatti R, Damiani S, Provenzani U, Brondino N, Bonoldi I, Radua J, Cooper K, Shin JI, Cortese S, Danese A, Bendall S, Arango C, Correll CU, Maj M. The lived experience of mental disorders in adolescents: a bottom-up review co-designed, co-conducted and co-written by experts by experience and academics. World Psychiatry 2024; 23:191-208. [PMID: 38727047 PMCID: PMC11083893 DOI: 10.1002/wps.21189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
We provide here the first bottom-up review of the lived experience of mental disorders in adolescents co-designed, co-conducted and co-written by experts by experience and academics. We screened first-person accounts within and outside the medical field, and discussed them in collaborative workshops involving numerous experts by experience - representing different genders, ethnic and cultural backgrounds, and continents - and their family members and carers. Subsequently, the material was enriched by phenomenologically informed perspectives and shared with all collaborators. The inner subjective experience of adolescents is described for mood disorders, psychotic disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, externalizing disorders, and self-harm behaviors. The recollection of individuals' past histories also indexes the prodromal (often transdiagnostic) features predating the psychiatric diagnosis. The experience of adolescents with mental disorders in the wider society is described with respect to their family, their school and peers, and the social and cultural context. Furthermore, their lived experience of mental health care is described with respect to receiving a diagnosis of mental disorder, accessing mental health support, receiving psychopharmacological treatment, receiving psychotherapy, experiencing peer support and mental health activism, and achieving recovery. These findings can impact clinical practice, research, and the whole society. We hope that this co-designed, co-conducted and co-written journey can help us maintain our commitment to protecting adolescents' fragile mental health, and can help them develop into a healthy, fulfilling and contributing adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- OASIS Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrés Estradé
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Cecilia M Esposito
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - René Rosfort
- S. Kierkegaard Research Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ilaria Basadonne
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Milena Mancini
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Health and Territory, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giovanni Stanghellini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Diego Portales University, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jummy Otaiku
- Young Person's Mental Health Advisory Group, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Lucas Allen
- OASIS Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - Judy Ieri
- Global Mental Health Peer Network, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | - Phides Ireri
- Global Mental Health Peer Network, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ephraim Tembo
- Global Mental Health Peer Network, Lusaka, Zambia
- University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | | | - Noah Sichone
- Global Mental Health Peer Network, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Candy Siadibbi
- Global Mental Health Peer Network, Lusaka, Zambia
- Psychology Association of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | - Nyathi Ntokozo
- Global Mental Health Peer Network, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
- Youth Support Network Trust, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
| | - Laura Fusar-Poli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Floris
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina M Mensi
- National Neurological Institute, IRCCS C. Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Renato Borgatti
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- National Neurological Institute, IRCCS C. Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Damiani
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Umberto Provenzani
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Natascia Brondino
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bonoldi
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kate Cooper
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Samuele Cortese
- Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York, NY, USA
- Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonic Area, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Danese
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre and Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- National and Specialist Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service Clinic for Trauma, Anxiety and Depression, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah Bendall
- Orygen, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Celso Arango
- Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario G. Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christoph U Correll
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Departments of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
| | - Mario Maj
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Lo Moro G, Scaioli G, Conrado F, Lusiani L, Pinto S, Rolfini E, Bert F, Siliquini R. Parental Perception of Children's Mental Health During the Pandemic: Insights From an Italian Cross-Sectional Study. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2024; 94:539-550. [PMID: 38532496 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explores the impact of the pandemic on children's mental health. It examined the understanding of parents regarding their children's mental condition and their ability to identify issues, 2 years post the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, 507 Italian parents reported on their youngest child aged between 2 and 17, totaling 507 children. The outcomes focused on were parental perception of children's mental health deterioration, scores on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) above the clinical cut-off, and parental under-recognition of mental health issues. Descriptive analyses and multivariable logistic regression models were executed (significance at p < .05). RESULTS Parents were 88.1% women (median age 41 years, interquartile range [IQR] = 36-47). Their children were 50.3% female [median age 6 years (IQR = 4-11)]. The data revealed 21.1% of parents perceived a deterioration in their children's mental health, while 44.2% had SDQ scores above the cut-off. Parental under-recognition of mental issues was found in 20.1% of cases. Significant correlations were found between parental perception of deterioration, SDQ scores, and factors like parental mental distress and children's sleep issues. IMPLICATIONS The findings suggest that schools and verified websites can serve as critical conduits for providing parents with reliable information. By promoting early identification and intervention, such mechanisms can help ensure mental health equity for children. CONCLUSIONS The research highlights the effect of the pandemic on children's mental health and the issue of parental under-recognition. The results underscore the importance of public health initiatives that enhance mental health information accessibility and reliability for parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Lo Moro
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Scaioli
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy; Health Local Unit "ASL TO3", Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Conrado
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Lusiani
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Sonia Pinto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Edoardo Rolfini
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy; Health Local Unit "ASL TO3", Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Siliquini
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy; A.O.U. City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Zhang Y, Hu Y, Yang M. The relationship between family communication and family resilience in Chinese parents of depressed adolescents: a serial multiple mediation of social support and psychological resilience. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:33. [PMID: 38238813 PMCID: PMC10797894 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01514-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family resilience plays a crucial role in helping depressed adolescents overcome challenges. However, studies examining family resilience in depressed adolescents are currently scarce. This study, guided by the family resilience framework, aimed to investigate the serial-multiple mediation of social support and psychological resilience between family communication and family resilience in Chinese families of depressed adolescents. METHODS In 229 parents of adolescents with major depressive disorder, 20.1% comprises of fathers, while 79.9% comprises of mothers. The mean age of depressed adolescents was 14.84 (±1.76) years, and the mean age of parents of these depressed adolescents was 43.24 (±4.67) years. The Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS), the Psychological Resilience of Parents of Special Children Questionnaire, and the Social Support Rating Scale, Family Assessment Device (FAD) were used to collected data. Descriptive, univariate, and Pearson correlation analyses were used in preliminary analyses. To explore mediation, we employed a serial-multiple mediation model (PROCESS model 6). RESULTS Family communication was positively correlated with family resilience, social support, and psychological resilience. Mediation analysis revealed indirect effects of family communication on family resilience, which were mediated solely by either social support or psychological resilience, or through multiple mediation pathways involving both social support and psychological resilience. CONCLUSIONS Family communication positively and directly affects the family resilience of depressed adolescents, and a higher level of social support and psychological resilience can help improve family resilience. These findings not only provide empirical evidence supporting the family resilience framework but also have practical implications for future family interventions targeting depressed adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinying Zhang
- Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Hu
- Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yang
- Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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