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Lin C, Liu J, Yuan Y, Yu S, Feng L, Gu Y, Lu X, Liu J, Li H, Hu C, Liu H, Liu H. Unveiling the hidden dangers: enteropathogens carried by flies in Pudong New Area. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:569. [PMID: 38849747 PMCID: PMC11162034 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flies are acknowledged as vectors of diseases transmitted through mechanical means and represent a significant risk to human health. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of enteropathogens carried by flies in Pudong New Area to inform strategies for preventing and controlling flies. METHODS Samples were collected from various locations in the area using cage trapping techniques between April and November 2021, encompassing various habitats such as parks, residential areas, restaurants, and farmers' markets. The main fly species were identified using cryomicrography and taxonomic enumeration, with 20 samples per tube collected from different habitats. Twenty-five enteropathogens were screened using GI_Trial v3 TaqManTM microbial arrays. RESULTS A total of 3,875 flies were collected from 6,400 placements, resulting in an average fly density of 0.61 flies per cage. M. domestica were the most common species at 39.85%, followed by L. sericata at 16.57% and B. peregrina at 13.14%. Out of 189 samples, 93 tested positive for enteropathogens, with nine different pathogens being found. 12.70% of samples exclusively had parasites, a higher percentage than those with only bacteria or viruses. The study found that M. domestica had fewer enteropathogens than L. sericata and B. peregrina, which primarily harbored B. hominis instead of bacteria and viruses such as E. coli, Astrovirus, and Sapovirus. During spring testing, all three fly species exhibited low rates of detecting enteropathogens. M. domestica were found in residential areas with the highest number of pathogen species, totaling six. In contrast, L. sericata and B. peregrina were identified in farmers' markets with the highest number of pathogen species, totaling six and seven, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Flies have the potential to serve as vectors for the transmission of enteropathogens, thereby posing a substantial risk to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lin
- Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
- Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
- Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Yongting Yuan
- Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
- Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Siyu Yu
- Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
- Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
- Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Yingpei Gu
- Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
- Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Xinchen Lu
- Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
- Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
- Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
- Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Chenxi Hu
- Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
- Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China.
| | - Hanzhao Liu
- Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China.
- Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China.
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Wen Q, Yang B, Wang X, Xia L, Song L. Characteristics analysis of Internet pharmacy consultation services for children in southwest China during the post-epidemic era: A cross-sectional study. Int J Med Inform 2024; 186:105424. [PMID: 38547627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to examine the features of online pediatric pharmacy consultations in Southwest China, an area with limited medical resources during the post-epidemic era and to explore the factors affecting the dialogue volume in online consultations. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in southwest China from April 2022 to March 2023. The study encompassed a cohort of 2,526 children, ranging from 0 to 18 years old. The collected data encompassed patient gender, age, weight, department, drugs involved in consultation services, types of questions consulted, consultation start time, and the dialogue volume in online consultations. Descriptive statistics and an ordered multicategorical logistic regression analysis were performed. SPSS 26.0 software was used for data analysis. RESULTS Among the total Internet pharmacy consultation services offered, the infant group constituted the largest portion (n = 1021). Children with internal medicine concerns have greater online consultation needs (n = 455). The peak usage of Internet pharmacy consultation occurred in the fall at 11:00 a.m. (n = 73). Factors influencing the dialogue volume in online consultations include the non-availability of Chinese medications [P = 0.033, OR = 0.81, 95 % CI (0.67-0.98)], consultation initiation during the spring [P = 0.002, OR = 1.52, 95 % CI(1.17-1.97)] or afternoon [P = 0.012, OR = 1.36, 95 % CI (1.07-1.72)] and weight<15 kg group [P = 0.038, OR = 2.19, 95 % CI (1.04-4.58)]. CONCLUSION Our findings provide important information for peers to carry out their work. In the post-epidemic era, emphasis should be placed on addressing concerns related to children's internal medicine and otolaryngology. Optimizing healthcare resource allocation should take into account the time-seasonal variability of children's consultation behaviors. Furthermore, it is recommended to focus on weight<15 kg children in inquiries, absorb sufficient knowledge about Chinese medicines, and schedule more pharmacists to participate in consultation services during the spring or in every afternoon. These findings help the authorities of online platforms and the National Health Commission to rationalize the allocation of healthcare resources, optimize the quality of service delivery, and develop new policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiuling Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Linli Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China.
| | - Lin Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China.
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Zhang L, Li Y, Ma N, Zhao Y, Zhao Y. Heterogeneity of influenza infection at precise scale in Yinchuan, Northwest China, 2012-2022: evidence from Joinpoint regression and spatiotemporal analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3079. [PMID: 38321190 PMCID: PMC10847441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53767-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying high-risk regions and turning points of influenza with a precise spatiotemporal scale may provide effective prevention strategies. In this study, epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering analysis at the township level were performed. A descriptive study and a Joinpoint regression analysis were used to explore the epidemiological characteristics and the time trend of influenza. Spatiotemporal autocorrelation and clustering analyses were carried out to explore the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and aggregation. Furthermore, the hotspot regions were analyzed by spatiotemporal scan analysis. A total of 4025 influenza cases were reported in Yinchuan showing an overall increasing trend. The tendency of influenza in Yinchuan consisted of three stages: increased from 2012 to the first peak in 2019 (32.62/100,000) with a slight decrease in 2016; during 2019 and 2020, the trend was downwards; then it increased sharply again and reached another peak in 2022. The Joinpoint regression analysis found that there were three turning points from January 2012 to December 2022, namely January 2020, April 2020, and February 2022. The children under ten displayed an upward trend and were statistically significant. The trend surface analysis indicated that there was a shifting trend from northern to central and southern. A significant positive spatial auto-correlation was observed at the township level and four high-incidence clusters of influenza were detected. These results suggested that children under 10 years old deserve more attention and the spatiotemporal distribution of high-risk regions of influenza in Yinchuan varies every year at the township level. Thus, more monitoring and resource allocation should be prone to the four high-incidence clusters, which may benefit the public health authorities to carry out the vaccination and health promotion timely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yan Li
- Yinchuan Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Ning Ma
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
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Deng LL, Han YJ, Li ZW, Wang DY, Chen T, Ren X, He GX. Epidemiological characteristics of seven notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in the mainland of China: an analysis of national surveillance data from 2017 to 2021. Infect Dis Poverty 2023; 12:99. [PMID: 37953290 PMCID: PMC10642048 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-023-01147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory infectious diseases (RIDs) remain a pressing public health concern, posing a significant threat to the well-being and lives of individuals. This study delves into the incidence of seven primary RIDs during the period 2017-2021, aiming to gain deeper insights into their epidemiological characteristics for the purpose of enhancing control and prevention strategies. METHODS Data pertaining to seven notifiable RIDs, namely, seasonal influenza, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), mumps, scarlet fever, pertussis, rubella and measles, in the mainland of China between 2017 and 2021 were obtained from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS). Joinpoint regression software was utilized to analyze temporal trends, while SaTScan software with a Poisson probability model was used to assess seasonal and spatial patterns. RESULTS A total of 11,963,886 cases of the seven RIDs were reported during 2017-2021, and yielding a five-year average incidence rate of 170.73 per 100,000 individuals. Among these RIDs, seasonal influenza exhibited the highest average incidence rate (94.14 per 100,000), followed by PTB (55.52 per 100,000), mumps (15.16 per 100,000), scarlet fever (4.02 per 100,000), pertussis (1.10 per 100,000), rubella (0.59 per 100,000), and measles (0.21 per 100,000). Males experienced higher incidence rates across all seven RIDs. PTB incidence was notably elevated among farmers and individuals aged over 65, whereas the other RIDs primarily affected children and students under 15 years of age. The incidences of PTB and measles exhibited a declining trend from 2017 to 2021 (APC = -7.53%, P = 0.009; APC = -40.87%, P = 0.02), while the other five RIDs peaked in 2019. Concerning seasonal and spatial distribution, the seven RIDs displayed distinct characteristics, with variations observed for the same RIDs across different regions. The proportion of laboratory-confirmed cases fluctuated among the seven RIDs from 2017 to 2021, with measles and rubella exhibiting higher proportions and mumps and scarlet fever showing lower proportions. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of PTB and measles demonstrated a decrease in the mainland of China between 2017 and 2021, while the remaining five RIDs reached a peak in 2019. Overall, RIDs continue to pose a significant public health challenge. Urgent action is required to bolster capacity-building efforts and enhance control and prevention strategies for RIDs, taking into account regional disparities and epidemiological nuances. With the rapid advancement of high-tech solutions, the development and effective implementation of a digital/intelligent RIDs control and prevention system are imperative to facilitate precise surveillance, early warnings, and swift responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-le Deng
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ya-Jun Han
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhuo-Wei Li
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Da-Yan Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Tao Chen
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Xiang Ren
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-Warning On Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Guang-Xue He
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
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