1
|
Shee NK, Kim HJ. Recent Developments in Porphyrin-Based Metal-Organic Framework Materials for Water Remediation under Visible-Light Irradiation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4183. [PMID: 38673768 PMCID: PMC11050243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Access to clean drinking water is a basic requirement, and eliminating pollutants from wastewater is important for saving water ecosystems. The porous structure and surface characteristics of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can function as a perfect scaffold for removing toxic compounds from wastewater. Porphyrins are promising building blocks for constructing MOFs. Porphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks (P-MOFs) have been fabricated using porphyrin ligands, metal clusters, or ions. These materials can harvest light from a wide region of the solar spectrum, and their framework morphology and physicochemical properties can be controlled by changing their peripheral subunits or metal ions. These porous crystalline materials have generated interest because of their distinctive characteristics, including large permanent porosity, interesting surface morphology, broad conformational diversity, high photostability, and semiconducting nature. This article discusses the recent progress and usefulness of P-MOFs. The fabrication procedures of P-MOFs are discussed, followed by the adsorptive and photocatalytic removal of contaminants from wastewater. The relationships between the geometries of P-MOFs and their light-harvesting and charge-transfer mechanisms for the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants are highlighted. Finally, some future perspectives and obstacles in the photodegradation usage of P-MOFs are discussed, along with feasible research directions to standardize efficient photocatalysts for improved photodegradation for water treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hee-Joon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
pH indicator and rotary fluorescent properties of the Sn(IV)-octaetylporphyrin-(BODIPY)2 triad. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
3
|
Axial complexes of Sn(IV)-tetra(4-sulfophenyl)porphyrin with azorubine in aqueous media: Fluorescent probes of local viscosity and pH indicators. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
4
|
Bai Y, Sprick RS. Conjugated porphyrin materials for solar fuel generation. CURR ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272826666220330113959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Conjugated materials have emerged as a new class of photocatalysts for solar fuel generation, thus allowing for the Sun’s energy to be converted into a storable fuel that can be used without further emissions at the point of use. Many different building blocks have been used to make conjugated materials that act as photocatalysts allowing for efficient light absorption and tuing of photophysical properties. The porphyrin moiety is a very interesting building block for photocatalysts as the large π-conjugated system allows efficient light absorption. Metalation of porphyrins allows for further tuning of the materials’ properties, thus further expanding the property space that these materials can cover. This allows to design and better control over the properties of the materials, which is discussed in this review together with the state-of-the-art in porphyrin photocatalysts and hybrid systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science Technology and Research, #08-03, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Reiner Sebastian Sprick
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kou M, Qin F, Lv W, Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhao H, Zhang Z. Oxygen-Varying Correlated Fluorescence for Determining the Stern-Volmer Constant of Porphyrin. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:2007-2011. [PMID: 35194994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The achievement of the Stern-Volmer constant (KSV) of porphyrin, a parameter to describe the ability of energy transfer to oxygen, enables us to understand and engineer the functionalities of porphyrin. In this study, we propose a new method to obtain KSV by steady fluorescence based on the population correlation between the excited triplet state (T1) and the singlet excited state (S1). Nonlinear fluorescence intensity of porphyrin [hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME)] as a function of pump power is observed, and this nonlinearity is oxygen-concentration-dependent. These observations originated from the population correlation, where more intense pump power introduces a stronger population correlation. Most importantly, we have found that the oxygen content can influence this correlation via the quenching of T1 based on its sequent change of fluorescence intensity; KSV ∼ 28 kPa-1 can be obtained theoretically for HMME. Our investigation not only offers a promising method of achieving KSV conveniently by steady fluorescence but also enlightens the advances of regulable fluorescence correlation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Kou
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Qin
- School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiming Lv
- School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongda Wang
- School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
- School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Likhonina AE, Mamardashvili GM, Mamardashvili NZ. Photoactive porphyrin-fluorescein arrays to control the acidity of medium. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Ren K, Wang L, Wang L, Fan Z. Porphyrin-based heterogeneous photocatalysts for solar energy conversion. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
8
|
Mamardashvili GM, Kaigorodova EY, Simonova OR, Lazovskiy DA, Mamardashvili NZ. Interaction of the Sn(IV)-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin axial complexes with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide: Aggregation and location in micelles, fluorescence properties and photochemical stability. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
9
|
Mamardashvili GM, Kaigorodova EY, Simonova OR, Lazovskiy DA, Mamardashvili NZ. Interaction of the Sn(IV)-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin axial complexes with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide: Aggregation and location in micelles, fluorescence properties and photochemical stability. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
10
|
Cyclic metalloporphyrin dimers: Conformational flexibility, applications and future prospects. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
11
|
Mamardashvili GM, Maltceva OV, Lazovskiy DA, Khodov IA, Borovkov V, Mamardashvili NZ, Koifman OI. Medium viscosity effect on fluorescent properties of Sn(IV)-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin complexes in buffer solutions. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.12.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
12
|
Mamardashvili GM, Maltceva OV, Lazovskiy DA, Khodov IA, Borovkov V, Mamardashvili NZ, Koifman OI. Medium viscosity effect on fluorescent properties of Sn(IV)-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin complexes in buffer solutions. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.12.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- Simanta Kundu
- Department
of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Amitava Patra
- Department
of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jana A, McKenzie L, Wragg AB, Ishida M, Hill JP, Weinstein JA, Baggaley E, Ward MD. Porphyrin/Platinum(II) C^N^N Acetylide Complexes: Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, and Singlet Oxygen Generation. Chemistry 2016; 22:4164-74. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Jana
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7HF United Kingdom
| | - Luke McKenzie
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7HF United Kingdom
| | - Ashley B. Wragg
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7HF United Kingdom
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Education Center for Global Leaders in Molecular Systems for Devices; Kyushu University; Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Jonathan P. Hill
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA); National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); Namiki (Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
| | - Julia A. Weinstein
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7HF United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Baggaley
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7HF United Kingdom
| | - Michael D. Ward
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7HF United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Durot S, Taesch J, Heitz V. Multiporphyrinic cages: architectures and functions. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8542-78. [PMID: 25026396 DOI: 10.1021/cr400673y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Durot
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS/UMR 7177 , 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Henriques CA, Gonçalves NP, Abreu AR, Calvete MJ, Pereira MM. Unsymmetrical porphyrins: the role of meso-substituents on their physical properties. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424612500332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of one-step meso-porphyrins type AxBy containing alkyl and pyridyl groups is described. An initial assess of the amphiphilic proprieties were determined by its log Kow using fluorescence detection techniques and values from 1.42 to 2.15 were observed. The melting points of this set of porphyrins was determined and a strong effect of the number and size of the meso-alkyl chain is ascribed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- César A. Henriques
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno P.F. Gonçalves
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Currently at Luzitin, SA, Rua Bayer, São Martinho do Bispo, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur R. Abreu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Currently at Luzitin, SA, Rua Bayer, São Martinho do Bispo, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mário J.F. Calvete
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariette M. Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Haq S, Hanke F, Dyer MS, Persson M, Iavicoli P, Amabilino DB, Raval R. Clean coupling of unfunctionalized porphyrins at surfaces to give highly oriented organometallic oligomers. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:12031-9. [PMID: 21707113 DOI: 10.1021/ja201389u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The direct coupling of complex, functional organic molecules at a surface is one of the outstanding challenges in the road map to future molecular devices. Equally demanding is to meet this challenge without recourse to additional functionalization of the molecular building blocks and via clean surface reactions that leave no surface contamination. Here, we demonstrate the directional coupling of unfunctionalized porphyrin molecules--large aromatic multifunctional building blocks--on a single crystal copper surface, which generates highly oriented one-dimensional organometallic macromolecular nanostructures (wires) in a reaction which generates gaseous hydrogen as the only byproduct. In situ scanning tunneling microscopy and temperature programmed desorption, supported by theoretical modeling, reveal that the process is driven by C-H bond scission and the incorporation of copper atoms in between the organic components to form a very stable organocopper oligomer comprising organometallic edge-to-edge porphyrin-Cu-porphyrin connections on the surface that are unprecedented in solution chemistry. The hydrogen generated during the reaction leaves the surface and, therefore, produces no surface contamination. A remarkable feature of the wires is their stability at high temperatures (up to 670 K) and their preference for 1D growth along a prescribed crystallographic direction of the surface. The on-surface formation of directional organometallic wires that link highly functional porphyrin cores via direct C-Cu-C bonds in a single-step synthesis is a new development in surface-based molecular systems and provides a versatile approach to create functional organic nanostructures at surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Haq
- Surface Science Research Centre and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Al-Azemi TF, Vinodh M. Synthesis of porphyrin conjugates based on conformationally rigid and flexible resorcin[4]arene frameworks. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|