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Espinosa-Ahedo BA, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Sánchez-Gutiérrez M, Izquierdo-Vega JA, Morales-González JA, Madrigal-Santillán EO, Álvarez-González I. Potential protective effect of beta-caryophyllene against cadmium chloride-induced damage to the male reproductive system in mouse. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 110:19-30. [PMID: 35318111 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a metal that can affect the male reproductive process, possibly leading to infertility. In contrast, beta-caryophyllene (BC) is a sesquiterpene that has shown antigenotoxic, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the protective effect of BC against the deleterious effects of cadmium chloride (CC) on various mouse testicular and sperm parameters. We tested three doses of BC (20, 200, and 400 mg/kg) given before and during exposure to 3 mg/kg CC (six days after a single administration). Our results show significant alleviation of the damage induced by CC after the three doses of BC. Regarding the sperm concentration and morphology, the protection with the high dose was complete, and regarding sperm mobility and viability, the protection was more than 74%. In the comet assay, the highest dose showed a reduction of 92.5% in the damage induced by CC, and regarding the number of micronuclei in the spermatids, the reduction was 83.3%. In the oxidative evaluation, regarding sperm lipoperoxidation, the improvement was complete with the high dose, and in the ABTS.+ test, the improvement in the response to the BC high dose was 26.3%. Regarding testicular lipoperoxidation and protein oxidation, the protective effects of the high BC dose were 87.6% and 89.9%, respectively. We also found that BC protected against the histological and morphometric alterations induced by CC. Therefore, our study clearly demonstrates the beneficial, chemopreventive effect of BC against the mouse sperm and testicular alterations induced by CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz A Espinosa-Ahedo
- Laboratorio de Genética, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar
- Laboratorio de Genética, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuatla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Jeannett A Izquierdo-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuatla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - José A Morales-González
- Laboratorio de Medicina de la Conservación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Casco de Santo Tomás, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Eduardo O Madrigal-Santillán
- Laboratorio de Medicina de la Conservación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Casco de Santo Tomás, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Isela Álvarez-González
- Laboratorio de Genética, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico.
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Feiveson AH, Krieger SS, von Scheven G, Crucian BE, Bürkle A, Stahn AC, Wu H, Moreno-Villanueva M. DNA Damage and Radiosensitivity in Blood Cells from Subjects Undergoing 45 Days of Isolation and Confinement: An Explorative Study. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:654-669. [PMID: 35723331 PMCID: PMC8929106 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of confined and isolated experience on astronauts’ health is an important factor to consider for future space exploration missions. The more confined and isolated humans are, the more likely they are to develop negative behavioral or cognitive conditions such as a mood decline, sleep disorder, depression, fatigue and/or physiological problems associated with chronic stress. Molecular mediators of chronic stress, such as cytokines, stress hormones or reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to induce cellular damage including damage to the DNA. In view of the growing evidence of chronic stress-induced DNA damage, we conducted an explorative study and measured DNA strand breaks in 20 healthy adults. The participants were grouped into five teams (missions). Each team was composed of four participants, who spent 45 days in isolation and confinement in NASA’s Human Exploration Research Analog (HERA). Endogenous DNA integrity, ex-vivo radiation-induced DNA damage and the rates of DNA repair were assessed every week. Our results show a high inter-individual variability as well as differences between the missions, which cannot be explained by inter-individual variability alone. The ages and sex of the participants did not appear to influence the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan H. Feiveson
- NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA; (A.H.F.); (B.E.C.); (H.W.)
| | | | - Gudrun von Scheven
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (G.v.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Brian E. Crucian
- NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA; (A.H.F.); (B.E.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (G.v.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Alexander C. Stahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 1019 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, Institute of Physiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Honglu Wu
- NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA; (A.H.F.); (B.E.C.); (H.W.)
| | - María Moreno-Villanueva
- NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA; (A.H.F.); (B.E.C.); (H.W.)
- Human Performance Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-753-188-3599
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Gajski G, Ravlić S, Godschalk R, Collins A, Dusinska M, Brunborg G. Application of the comet assay for the evaluation of DNA damage in mature sperm. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2021; 788:108398. [PMID: 34893163 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
DNA integrity is considered an important parameter of semen quality and is of significant value as a predictor of male fertility. Currently, there are several methods that can assess sperm DNA integrity. One such assay is the comet assay, or single-cell gel electrophoresis, which is a simple, sensitive, reliable, quick and low-cost technique that is used for measuring DNA strand breaks and repair at the level of individual cells. Although the comet assay is usually performed with somatic cells from different organs, the assay has the ability to detect genotoxicity in germ cells at different stages of spermatogenesis. Since the ability of sperm to remove DNA damage differs between the stages, interpretation of the results is dependent on the cells used. In this paper we give an overview on the use and applications of the comet assay on mature sperm and its ability to detect sperm DNA damage in both animals and humans. Overall, it can be concluded that the presence in sperm of significantly damaged DNA, assessed by the comet assay, is related to male infertility and seems to reduce live births. Although there is some evidence that sperm DNA damage also has a long-term impact on offspring's health, this aspect of DNA damage in sperm is understudied and deserves further attention. In summary, the comet assay can be applied as a useful tool to study effects of genotoxic exposures on sperm DNA integrity in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Gajski
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Sanda Ravlić
- University of Zagreb, Centre for Research and Knowledge Transfer in Biotechnology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Roger Godschalk
- Maastricht University, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew Collins
- University of Oslo, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Department of Environmental Chemistry, Health Effects Laboratory, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Gunnar Brunborg
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Section of Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Oslo, Norway
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Topalović D, Dekanski D, Spremo-Potparević B, Pirković A, Borozan S, Bajić V, Stojanović D, Giampieri F, Gasparrini M, Živković L. Dry olive leaf extract attenuates DNA damage induced by estradiol and diethylstilbestrol in human peripheral blood cells in vitro. Mutat Res 2018; 845:402993. [PMID: 31561897 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic groups of steroidal or nonsteroidal estrogens can redox cycle, leading to oxidative stress, where creation of reactive oxygen species are recognized as the main mechanism of their DNA damage properties. Dry olive (Olea europaea L.) leaf extract is known to contain bioactive and antioxidative components and to have an ability to modulate the effects of various oxidants in cells. The main goal of this study was to investigate antigenotoxic potential of a standardized dry olive leaf extract on DNA damage induced by 17β-estradiol and diethylstilbestrol in human whole blood cells in vitro, using comet assay. Our results indicated that both hormones showed a genotoxic effect at a concentration of 100 μM (P < 0.05, n = 6). Dry olive leaf extract was efficient in reducing number of cells with estrogen-induced DNA damage at tested concentrations (0.125, 0.5 and 1 mg/mL) (P < 0.05, n = 6) and under two experimental protocols, pre-treatment and post-treatment, exhibiting antigenotoxic properties. Analysis of antioxidant properties of the extract revealed moderate ABTS radical scavenging properties and reducing power. Overall, our results suggested that the protective potential of dry olive leaf extract could arise from the synergistic effect of its scavenging activity and enhancement of the cells' antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijana Topalović
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Dragana Dekanski
- Biomedical Research, R&D Institute, Galenika a.d., Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Biljana Spremo-Potparević
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Andrea Pirković
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Sunčica Borozan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vladan Bajić
- The Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Nuclear Research "Vinča", University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Danilo Stojanović
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Gasparrini
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Lada Živković
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Esteves F, Teixeira E, Amorim T, Costa C, Pereira C, Fraga S, De Andrade VM, Teixeira JP, Costa S. Assessment of DNA damage in a group of professional dancers during a 10-month dancing season. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:797-804. [PMID: 28696896 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1331599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the numerous health benefits of physical activity, some studies reported that increased intensity and duration may induce oxidative stress in several cellular components including DNA. The aim of this study was to assess the level of basal DNA damage as well as oxidative DNA damage in a group of professional dancers before and after a 10-month dancing season. A group of individuals from general population was also assessed as a control. The alkaline version of the comet assay was the method selected to measure both basal DNA damage and oxidative stress, since this method quantifies both endpoints. In order to measure oxidative stress, the comet assay was coupled with a lesion-specific endonuclease (formamidopyrimidine glycosylase) to detect oxidized purines. The levels of oxidative DNA damage in dancers were significantly increased after the dancing season. Pre-season levels of oxidative DNA damage were lower in dancers than those obtained from the general population, suggesting an adaptation of antioxidant system in dancers. Results of the present biomonitoring study indicate the need for more effective measures to protect ballet dancers from potentially occupational health risks related to regular intensive physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Esteves
- a Environmental Health Department , National Health Institute Dr. Ricardo Jorge , Porto , Portugal
- c EpiUnit-Epidemiology Research Unit , Institute of Public Health (ISPUP), Porto University , Porto , Portugal
| | - Eduardo Teixeira
- b Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sports , University of Porto (FADEUP) , Porto , Portugal
| | - Tânia Amorim
- b Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sports , University of Porto (FADEUP) , Porto , Portugal
| | - Carla Costa
- a Environmental Health Department , National Health Institute Dr. Ricardo Jorge , Porto , Portugal
- c EpiUnit-Epidemiology Research Unit , Institute of Public Health (ISPUP), Porto University , Porto , Portugal
| | - Cristiana Pereira
- a Environmental Health Department , National Health Institute Dr. Ricardo Jorge , Porto , Portugal
- c EpiUnit-Epidemiology Research Unit , Institute of Public Health (ISPUP), Porto University , Porto , Portugal
| | - Sónia Fraga
- a Environmental Health Department , National Health Institute Dr. Ricardo Jorge , Porto , Portugal
- c EpiUnit-Epidemiology Research Unit , Institute of Public Health (ISPUP), Porto University , Porto , Portugal
| | - Vanessa Moraes De Andrade
- d Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Programme of Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit , University of Southern Santa Catarina, UNESC , Criciúma , Brazil
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- a Environmental Health Department , National Health Institute Dr. Ricardo Jorge , Porto , Portugal
- c EpiUnit-Epidemiology Research Unit , Institute of Public Health (ISPUP), Porto University , Porto , Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- a Environmental Health Department , National Health Institute Dr. Ricardo Jorge , Porto , Portugal
- c EpiUnit-Epidemiology Research Unit , Institute of Public Health (ISPUP), Porto University , Porto , Portugal
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Rahmatzadeh M, Kohram H, Zare Shahneh A, Seifi-Jamadi A, Ahmad E. Antioxidative effect of BHA in soya bean lecithin-based extender containing Glycerol or DMSO on freezing capacity of goat semen. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:985-991. [PMID: 28660684 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of butylated hydroxyanisole (0 or 4 mM) along with different concentrations (5 or 7%) of glycerol (G) and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) as cryoprotectant (CPAs) on freezability of goat semen. Semen was collected from four bucks (3-4 years) twice a week for five weeks. The pooled ejaculates were diluted with extender containing two different concentrations of G or DMSO in combination with BHA. Afterwards, the diluted samples were loaded into 0.25 ml straws and frozen using a standard protocol. After thawing motility parameters, viability, membrane integrity and total abnormality were assessed. The Results showed that the presence of BHA in extender, type and level of CPAs as main factors had significant effects on goat sperm viability, total and progressive motility after freezing-thawing processes (p < .05). Also, the interaction of BHA (0 and 4 mM) and levels of G or DMSO (5 or 7%) had a significant effects (p < .05) on total motility, viability and some characteristic. In this case, the addition of 5% G or DMSO with BHA resulted in highest motility and viability than the other groups (p < .05). The addition of G5 (with and without BHA) increased VSL and reduced abnormality than the other groups (p < .05). The results showed that the main effects of CPAs and CPAs level on membrane functionality were significant (p < .05). Also there were no significance differences in the interactive effects of MDA, VCL, VAP, ALH, LIN and STR among the groups (p > .05). Finally, it can be concluded that the use of 5% CPAs with or without BHA may result in better post-thaw sperm quality of goat.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rahmatzadeh
- Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - H Kohram
- Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - A Zare Shahneh
- Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - A Seifi-Jamadi
- Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - E Ahmad
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Abdel-Rahman Mohamed A, Mohamed WAM, Khater SI. Imidacloprid induces various toxicological effects related to the expression of 3β-HSD, NR5A1, and OGG1 genes in mature and immature rats. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 221:15-25. [PMID: 27914857 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the adverse effects of the insecticide imidacloprid (IMI) on male spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, and DNA damage in sexually mature and immature rats. Forty male rats (mature and immature) were equally divided into four groups: two mature and two immature groups. IMI groups of both ages were orally administered IMI in corn oil at a concentration of 1 mg/mL for kg BW/day, whereas their respective controls were orally administered corn oil only (1 mL/kg of body weight) daily for 65 days. On day 66, the rats were lightly anesthetized and then euthanized by cervical dislocation. Whole blood was collected for hemogram, serum for hormonal profile, semen for sperm profile, and testes for gene expression and histopathological, and immunohistochemical examinations. The obtained results revealed that both sexually mature and immature rats orally exposed to IMI showed serious abnormalities in sperm morphology and concentrations, with an imbalance of sexual hormones. There were increases in the level of serum 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and in the percentage of comet (tailed) sperm DNA in the IMI-treated groups. The results exhibited the upregulation of a DNA damage tolerance gene (8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1) and downregulation of the activity of steroidogenic genes (nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 1 and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase). Immunohistochemical examination of the B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X apoptotic protein in testicular sections showed various degrees of apoptosis in the spermatogonial cells of the IMI-treated rats compared to the control groups. These damaging effects of IMI were more pronounced in the sexually mature rats than in the immature rats. In conclusion, despite using a low dose of IMI in the present study, there were noticeable harmful consequences on the reproductive system at different stages of sexual maturity in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Clinical Pathology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Wafaa A M Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Clinical Pathology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Safaa I Khater
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Clinical Pathology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
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Seifi-Jamadi A, Kohram H, Zareh-Shahne A, Dehghanizadeh P, Ahmad E. Effect of various concentrations of butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene on freezing capacity of Turkman stallion sperm. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 170:108-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lewies A, Van Dyk E, Wentzel JF, Pretorius PJ. Using a medium-throughput comet assay to evaluate the global DNA methylation status of single cells. Front Genet 2014; 5:215. [PMID: 25071840 PMCID: PMC4083187 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The comet assay is a simple and cost effective technique, commonly used to analyze and quantify DNA damage in individual cells. The versatility of the comet assay allows introduction of various modifications to the basic technique. The difference in the methylation sensitivity of the isoschizomeric restriction enzymes HpaII and MspI are used to demonstrate the ability of the comet assay to measure the global DNA methylation level of individual cells when using cell cultures. In the experiments described here, a medium-throughput comet assay and methylation sensitive comet assay are combined to produce a methylation sensitive medium-throughput comet assay to measure changes in the global DNA methylation pattern in individual cells under various growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Lewies
- Division for Biochemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, North-West University Potchefstroom, South Africa ; Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Etresia Van Dyk
- Division for Biochemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, North-West University Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Johannes F Wentzel
- Division for Biochemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, North-West University Potchefstroom, South Africa ; Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Pieter J Pretorius
- Division for Biochemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, North-West University Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Rashidi MRR, Eisa-Khaje J, Farzadi L, Darabi M, Gasemzadeh A, Shahnazi V, Fayezi SF, Mehdizadeh A, Haji Hosseini R, Nouri M. Paraoxonase 3 activity and the ratio of antioxidant to peroxidation in the follicular fluid of infertile women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2014; 8:51-8. [PMID: 24696769 PMCID: PMC3973164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraoxonase-3 (PON3), as a high density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated lactonase, is capable of preventing the oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL). PON3 activity in follicular fluid (FF) is three times more than its activity in serum. However, the detailed role of PON3 in women's fertility remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between PON3 activity in the FF of women undergoing assisted reproductive technique (ART), in vitro fertilization (IVF), or intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study consisted of 50 women from couples with male factor infertility (MFI) or with female factor infertility (FFI). The FF samples were obtained during the ART intervention. PON3 activity, HDL cholesterol (HDL C), total antioxidant status (TAS) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. The morphology of the embryo was determined using embryo cell number (ECN) and embryo fragmentation score (EFS). In addition, fertilization rate (FR) was used an oocyte fertilization index. RESULTS Of 50 women, 20 women belonged to FFI group and the remaining 30 women belonged to MFI group. PON3 activity in FF of women in FFI group was significantly lower (p<0.05) in comparison with corresponding value in MFI group. The value of PON3 activity/MDA in the FFI group was lower than that in MFI group. Moreover, MDA level in the FF of FFI group was significantly higher (p<0.05) than its concentration in MFI group. Meanwhile, no significant difference was found in HDL-C concentration and TAS of both groups. No significant correlation was observed between the ECN and FF biochemical parameters. There was also a negative correlation between FR and MDA (r=-0.42, p=0.02), whereas a positive relation between FR with PON3 activity (r=0.59, p=0.004), HDL-C (r=0.35, p=0.04) and PON3/MDA (r=0.59, p=0.001). CONCLUSION According to the results of this study, PON3 activity level as a key component of antioxidant system in FF may directly be associated with the success rate of ART and fertilization rate in women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jalal Eisa-Khaje
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Laya Farzadi
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Darabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alieh Gasemzadeh
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahideh Shahnazi
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shabnam Fayezi Fayezi
- Students Research Committee, Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Nouri
- Umbilical Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,
* Corresponding Address:
P.O. Box: 51666-15573Umbilical Stem Cell Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Sakr SA, Zoil MES, El-Shafey SS. Ameliorative effect of grapefruit juice on amiodarone-induced cytogenetic and testicular damage in albino rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3:573-9. [PMID: 23836512 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(13)60116-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the ameliorative role of grapefruit juice on the cytogenetic and testicular damage induced by the antiarrythmic drug amiodarone in albino rats. METHODS Animals were divided into four groups. Group I was considered as control. Group II was given grapefruit juice at a dose level of 27 mL/kg body weight. Group III was orally administered amiodarone (18 mg/kg body weight) daily for 5 weeks. Animals were sacrificed after 5 weeks of treatment. Bone marrow was collected from the femurs for analysis of chromosomal aberrations and mitotic indices. Testes were removed and stained with H&E for histological examination. Sperms were collected from epidedymis for detection of sperm head abnormalities. Comet assay was used to detect DNA damage. RESULTS Amiodarone treatment caused a significant increase in the percentage of chromosomal aberrations, decreased the mitotic index and increased DNA damage. The testis showed many histopathological alterations, inhibition of spermatogenesis and morphometric changes. The number of sperm head abnormalities was increased. Treating animals with amiodarone and grapefruit juice caused a reduction in chromosomal aberrations, mitotic index, DNA damage and testicular alterations caused by amiodarone. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicated that grapefruit juice ameliorates the cytotoxicty and testicular alterations induced by amiodarone in albino rats and this is may be due to the potent antioxidant effects of its components.
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Yang WJ, Lee JH, Hong SC, Lee J, Lee J, Han DW. Difference between Toxicities of Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles with Various Surface-Functional Groups against Human Normal Fibroblasts and Fibrosarcoma Cells. MATERIALS 2013; 6:4689-4706. [PMID: 28788355 PMCID: PMC5452863 DOI: 10.3390/ma6104689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, many nanomedical studies have been focused on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) because MNPs possess attractive properties for potential uses in imaging, drug delivery, and theranostics. MNPs must have optimized size as well as functionalized surface for such applications. However, careful cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessments to ensure the biocompatibility and biosafety of MNPs are essential. In this study, Fe3O4 MNPs of different sizes (approximately 10 and 100–150 nm) were prepared with different functional groups, hydroxyl (–OH) and amine (–NH2) groups, by coating their surfaces with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) or TEOS/APTMS. Differential cellular responses to those surface-functionalized MNPs were investigated in normal fibroblasts vs. fibrosarcoma cells. Following the characterization of MNP properties according to size, surface charge and functional groups, cellular responses to MNPs in normal fibroblasts and fibrosarcoma cells were determined by quantifying metabolic activity, membrane integrity, and DNA stability. While all MNPs induced just about 5% or less cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in fibrosarcoma cells at lower than 500 μg/mL, APTMS-coated MNPs resulted in greater than 10% toxicity against normal cells. Particularly, the genotoxicity of MNPs was dependent on their dose, size and surface charge, showing that positively charged (APTMS- or TEOS/APTMS-coated) MNPs induced appreciable DNA aberrations irrespective of cell type. Resultantly, smaller and positively charged (APTMS-coated) MNPs led to more severe toxicity in normal cells than their cancer counterparts. Although it was difficult to fully differentiate cellular responses to various MNPs between normal fibroblasts and their cancer counterparts, normal cells were shown to be more vulnerable to internalized MNPs than cancer cells. Our results suggest that functional groups and sizes of MNPs are critical determinants of degrees of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, and potential mechanisms of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Jun Yang
- World Class University Program, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- World Class University Program, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Seong Cheol Hong
- World Class University Program, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Jaewook Lee
- World Class University Program, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Jaebeom Lee
- World Class University Program, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- World Class University Program, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
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Baumgartner A, Kurzawa-Zegota M, Laubenthal J, Cemeli E, Anderson D. Comet-assay parameters as rapid biomarkers of exposure to dietary/environmental compounds—An in vitro feasibility study on spermatozoa and lymphocytes. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2012; 743:25-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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