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Singh S, Bhatia S. Quorum Sensing Inhibitors: Curbing Pathogenic Infections through Inhibition of Bacterial Communication. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:486-514. [PMID: 34567177 PMCID: PMC8457738 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.113470.14318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Currently, most of the developed and developing countries are facing the problem of infectious diseases. The genius way of an exaggerated application of antibiotics led the infectious agents to respond by bringing a regime of persisters to resist antibiotics attacks prolonging their survival. Persisters have the dexterity to communicate among themself using signal molecules via the process of Quorum Sensing (QS), which regulates virulence gene expression and biofilms formation, making them more vulnerable to antibiotic attack. Our review aims at the different approaches applied in the ordeal to solve the riddle for QS inhibitors. QS inhibitors, their origin, structures and key interactions for QS inhibitory activity have been summarized. Solicitation of a potent QS inhibitor molecule would be beneficial, giving new life to the simplest antibiotics in adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaminder Singh
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3 Milestone, Faridabad-Gurugram Expressway, Faridabad - 121 001, Haryana, India
| | - Sonam Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, SHALOM Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Naini-211007, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhang Q, Li S, Hachicha M, Boukraa M, Soulère L, Efrit ML, Queneau Y. Heterocyclic Chemistry Applied to the Design of N-Acyl Homoserine Lactone Analogues as Bacterial Quorum Sensing Signals Mimics. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175135. [PMID: 34500565 PMCID: PMC8433848 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) are small signaling molecules used by many Gram-negative bacteria for coordinating their behavior as a function of their population density. This process, based on the biosynthesis and the sensing of such molecular signals, and referred to as Quorum Sensing (QS), regulates various gene expressions, including growth, virulence, biofilms formation, and toxin production. Considering the role of QS in bacterial pathogenicity, its modulation appears as a possible complementary approach in antibacterial strategies. Analogues and mimics of AHLs are therefore biologically relevant targets, including several families in which heterocyclic chemistry provides a strategic contribution in the molecular design and the synthetic approach. AHLs consist of three main sections, the homoserine lactone ring, the central amide group, and the side chain, which can vary in length and level of oxygenation. The purpose of this review is to summarize the contribution of heterocyclic chemistry in the design of AHLs analogues, insisting on the way heterocyclic building blocks can serve as replacements of the lactone moiety, as a bioisostere for the amide group, or as an additional pattern appended to the side chain. A few non-AHL-related heterocyclic compounds with AHL-like QS activity are also mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, UMR 5246, CNRS, ICBMS, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Bât. E. Lederer, 1 Rue Victor Grignard, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (M.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Sizhe Li
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, UMR 5246, CNRS, ICBMS, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Bât. E. Lederer, 1 Rue Victor Grignard, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (M.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Maha Hachicha
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, UMR 5246, CNRS, ICBMS, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Bât. E. Lederer, 1 Rue Victor Grignard, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (M.H.); (M.B.)
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Sélective et Hétérocyclique, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Boukraa
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, UMR 5246, CNRS, ICBMS, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Bât. E. Lederer, 1 Rue Victor Grignard, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (M.H.); (M.B.)
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Sélective et Hétérocyclique, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Laurent Soulère
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, UMR 5246, CNRS, ICBMS, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Bât. E. Lederer, 1 Rue Victor Grignard, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (M.H.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (M.L.E.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Mohamed L. Efrit
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Sélective et Hétérocyclique, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (M.L.E.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Yves Queneau
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, UMR 5246, CNRS, ICBMS, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Bât. E. Lederer, 1 Rue Victor Grignard, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (M.H.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (M.L.E.); (Y.Q.)
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Fuentes-Gutiérrez A, Curiel-Quesada E, Correa-Basurto J, Martínez-Muñoz A, Reyes-Arellano A. N-Heterocycles Scaffolds as Quorum Sensing Inhibitors. Design, Synthesis, Biological and Docking Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9512. [PMID: 33327584 PMCID: PMC7765044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing is a communication system among bacteria to sense the proper time to express their virulence factors. Quorum sensing inhibition is a therapeutic strategy to block bacterial mechanisms of virulence. The aim of this study was to synthesize and evaluate new bioisosteres of N-acyl homoserine lactones as Quorum sensing inhibitors in Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 by quantifying the specific production of violacein. Five series of compounds with different heterocyclic scaffolds were synthesized in good yields: thiazoles, 16a-c, thiazolines 17a-c, benzimidazoles 18a-c, pyridines 19a-c and imidazolines 32a-c. All 15 compounds showed activity as Quorum sensing inhibitors except 16a. Compounds 16b, 17a-c, 18a, 18c, 19c and 32b exhibited activity at concentrations of 10 µM and 100 µM, highlighting the activity of benzimidazole 18a (IC50 = 36.67 µM) and 32b (IC50 = 85.03 µM). Pyridine 19c displayed the best quorum sensing inhibition activity (IC50 = 9.66 µM). Molecular docking simulations were conducted for all test compounds on the Chromobacterium violaceum CviR protein to gain insight into the process of quorum sensing inhibition. The in-silico data reveal that all 15 the compounds have higher affinity for the protein than the native AHL ligand (1). A strong correlation was found between the theoretical and experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Fuentes-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico;
| | - Everardo Curiel-Quesada
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico;
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico; (J.C.-B.); (A.M.-M.)
| | - Alberto Martínez-Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico; (J.C.-B.); (A.M.-M.)
| | - Alicia Reyes-Arellano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico;
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Mohamed B, Abdel-Samii ZK, Abdel-Aal EH, Abbas HA, Shaldam MA, Ghanim AM. Synthesis of imidazolidine-2,4-dione and 2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one derivatives as inhibitors of virulence factors production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e1900352. [PMID: 32134150 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201900352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In an attempt to counteract bacterial pathogenicity, a set of novel imidazolidine-2,4-dione and 2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one derivatives was synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of bacterial virulence. The new compounds were characterized and screened for their effects on the expression of virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including protease, hemolysin, and pyocyanin. Imidazolidine-2,4-diones 4c, 4j, and 12a showed complete inhibition of the protease enzyme, and they almost completely inhibited the production of hemolysin at 1/4 MIC (1/4 minimum inhibitory concentration; 1, 0.5, and 0.5 mg/ml, respectively). 2-Thioxoimidazolidin-4-one derivative 7a exhibited the best inhibitory activity (96.4%) against pyocyanin production at 1 mg/ml (1/4 MIC). A docking study was preformed to explore the potential binding interactions with quorum-sensing receptors (LasR and RhlR), which are responsible for the expression of virulence genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basant Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Zakaria K Abdel-Samii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Eatedal H Abdel-Aal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hisham A Abbas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Moataz A Shaldam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Amany M Ghanim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Effect of New Analogs of Hexyloxy Phenyl Imidazoline on Quorum Sensing in Chromobacterium violaceum and In Silico Analysis of Ligand-Receptor Interactions. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8735190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing common occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become an urgent public health issue. There are currently some infections without any effective treatment, which require new therapeutic strategies. An attractive alternative is the design of compounds capable of disrupting bacterial communication known as quorum sensing (QS). In Gram-negative bacteria, such communication is regulated by acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs). Triggering of QS after bacteria have reached a high cell density allows them to proliferate before expressing virulence factors. Our group previously reported that hexyloxy phenylimidazoline (9) demonstrated 71% inhibitory activity of QS at 100 μM (IC50 = 90.9 μM) in Chromobacterium violaceum, a Gram-negative bacterium. The aim of the present study was to take 9 as a lead compound to design and synthesize three 2-imidazolines (13–15) and three 2-oxazolines (16–18), to be evaluated as quorum-sensing inhibitors on C. violaceum CV026. We were looking for compounds with a higher affinity towards the Cvi receptor of this bacterium and the ability to inhibit QS. The binding mode of the test compounds on the Cvi receptor was explored with docking studies and molecular dynamics. It was found that 8-pentyloxyphenyl-2-imidazoline (13) reduced the production of violacein (IC50 = 56.38 μM) without affecting bacterial growth, suggesting inhibition of quorum sensing. Indeed, compound 13 is apparently one of the best QS inhibitors known to date. Molecular docking revealed the affinity of compound 13 for the orthosteric site of N-hexanoyl homoserine lactone (C6-AHL) on the CviR protein. Ten amino acid residues in the active binding site of C6-AHL in the Cvi receptor interacted with 13, and 7 of these are the same as those interacting with AHL. Contrarily, 8-octyloxyphenyl-2-imidazoline (14), 8-decyloxyphenyl-2-imidazoline (15), and 9-decyloxyphenyl-2-oxazoline (18) bound only to an allosteric site and thus did not compete with C6-AHL for the orthosteric site.
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Devi KR, Srinivasan S, Ravi AV. Inhibition of quorum sensing-mediated virulence in Serratia marcescens by Bacillus subtilis R-18. Microb Pathog 2018; 120:166-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Sączewski F, Kornicka A, Balewski Ł. Imidazoline scaffold in medicinal chemistry: a patent review (2012–2015). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 26:1031-48. [DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2016.1210128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Bucio-Cano A, Reyes-Arellano A, Correa-Basurto J, Bello M, Torres-Jaramillo J, Salgado-Zamora H, Curiel-Quesada E, Peralta-Cruz J, Avila-Sorrosa A. Targeting quorum sensing by designing azoline derivatives to inhibit the N-hexanoyl homoserine lactone-receptor CviR: Synthesis as well as biological and theoretical evaluations. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:7565-77. [PMID: 26654469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To counteract bacterial resistance, we investigated the interruption of quorum sensing mediated by non-classical bioisosteres of the N-hexanoyl homoserine lactone with an azoline core. For this purpose, a set of selected 2-substituted azolines was synthesized, establishing the basis for a new protocol to synthesize 2-amino imidazolines. The synthesized compounds were evaluated as inhibitors of violacein production in Chromobacterium violaceum. Theoretical studies on bioisostere-protein interactions were performed using CviR. The results show that some azolines decreased violacein production, suggesting an antiquorum sensing profile against Gram-negative bacteria. Docking and molecular dynamic simulations together with binding free energy calculations revealed the exact binding and inhibitory profiles. These theoretical results show relationship with the in vitro activity of the azoline series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Bucio-Cano
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Campus Casco de Santo Tomás, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Colonia Santo Tomás, 11340 México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Alicia Reyes-Arellano
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Campus Casco de Santo Tomás, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Colonia Santo Tomás, 11340 México, D.F., Mexico.
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Laboratorio de Modelado Molecular y Diseño de Fármacos, Campus Casco de Santo Tomás, 11340 México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Martiniano Bello
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Laboratorio de Modelado Molecular y Diseño de Fármacos, Campus Casco de Santo Tomás, 11340 México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Jenifer Torres-Jaramillo
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Campus Casco de Santo Tomás, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Colonia Santo Tomás, 11340 México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Héctor Salgado-Zamora
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Campus Casco de Santo Tomás, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Colonia Santo Tomás, 11340 México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Everardo Curiel-Quesada
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Campus Casco de Santo Tomás, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Colonia Santo Tomás, 11340 México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Javier Peralta-Cruz
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Campus Casco de Santo Tomás, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Colonia Santo Tomás, 11340 México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Alcives Avila-Sorrosa
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Campus Casco de Santo Tomás, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Colonia Santo Tomás, 11340 México, D.F., Mexico
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Padmavathi AR, Abinaya B, Pandian SK. Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) of marine bacterial origin inhibits quorum sensing mediated biofilm formation in the uropathogen Serratia marcescens. BIOFOULING 2014; 30:1111-22. [PMID: 25377484 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2014.972386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Intercellular communication in bacteria (quorum sensing, QS) is an important phenomenon in disease dissemination and pathogenesis, which controls biofilm formation also. This study reports the anti-QS and anti-biofilm efficacy of seaweed Gracilaria gracilis associated Vibrio alginolyticus G16 against Serratia marcescens. Purification and mass spectrometric analysis revealed the active principle as phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) [PD]. PD affected the QS regulated virulence factor production in S. marcescens and resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in biofilm (85%), protease (41.9%), haemolysin (69.9%), lipase (84.3%), prodigiosin (84.5%) and extracellular polysaccharide (84.62%) secretion without hampering growth, as evidenced by XTT [2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide] assay. qPCR analysis confirmed the down-regulation of the fimA, fimC, flhD and bsmA genes involved in biofilm formation. Apart from biofilm inhibition and disruption, PD increased the susceptibility of S. marcescens to gentamicin when administered synergistically, which opens another avenue for combinatorial therapy where PD can be used to enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics.
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