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Serambeque B, Mestre C, Hundarova K, Marto CM, Oliveiros B, Gomes AR, Teixo R, Carvalho AS, Botelho MF, Matthiesen R, Carvalho MJ, Laranjo M. Proteomic Profile of Endometrial Cancer: A Scoping Review. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:584. [PMID: 39194522 DOI: 10.3390/biology13080584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Proteomics can be a robust tool in protein identification and regulation, allowing the discovery of potential biomarkers. In clinical practice, the management of endometrial cancer can be challenging. Thus, identifying promising markers could be beneficial, helping both in diagnosis and prognostic stratification, even predicting the response to therapy. Therefore, this manuscript systematically reviews the existing evidence of the proteomic profile of human endometrial cancer. The literature search was conducted via Medline (through PubMed) and the Web of Science. The inclusion criteria were clinical, in vitro, and in vivo original studies reporting proteomic analysis using all types of samples to map the human endometrial cancer proteome. A total of 55 publications were included in this review. Most of the articles carried out a proteomic analysis on endometrial tissue, serum and plasma samples, which enabled the identification of several potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. In addition, eight articles were analyzed regarding the identified proteins, where three studies showed a strong correlation, sharing forty-five proteins. This analysis also allowed the identification of the 10 most frequently reported proteins in these studies: EGFR, PGRMC1, CSE1L, MYDGF, STMN1, CASP3 ANXA2, YBX1, ANXA1, and MYH11. Proteomics-based approaches pointed out potential diagnostic and prognostic candidates for endometrial cancer. However, there is a lack of studies exploring novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Serambeque
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Mestre
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Kristina Hundarova
- Gynecology Service, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, Reproduction and Neonatology, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos Miguel Marto
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice and Laboratory for Evidence-Based Sciences and Precision Dentistry, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Oliveiros
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO) and Laboratory of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (LBIM), Faculty of Medicine, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Gomes
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Chemical Engineering and Renewable Resources for Sustainability (CERES), Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Teixo
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Carvalho
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School (NMS), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-082 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rune Matthiesen
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School (NMS), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-082 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria João Carvalho
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Gynecology Service, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, Reproduction and Neonatology, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Universitary Clinic of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Laranjo
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
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Shama A, Soni T, Jawanda IK, Upadhyay G, Sharma A, Prabha V. The Latest Developments in Using Proteomic Biomarkers from Urine and Serum for Non-Invasive Disease Diagnosis and Prognosis. Biomark Insights 2023; 18:11772719231190218. [PMID: 37528936 PMCID: PMC10387783 DOI: 10.1177/11772719231190218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to diagnostic improvements, medical diagnostics is demanding non-invasive or minimally invasive methods. Non-invasively obtained body fluids (eg., Urine, serum) can replace cerebral fluid, amniotic fluid, synovial fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and others for diagnostic reasons. Many illnesses are induced by perturbations of cellular signaling pathways and associated pathway networks as a result of genetic abnormalities. These disturbances are represented by a shift in the protein composition of the fluids surrounding the tissues and organs that is, tissue interstitial fluid (TIF). These variant proteins may serve as diagnostic "signatures" for a variety of disorders. This review provides a concise summary of urine and serum biomarkers that may be used for the diagnosis and prognosis of a variety of disorders, including cancer, brain diseases, kidney diseases, and other system diseases. The studies reviewed in this article suggest that serum and urine biomarkers of various illnesses may be therapeutically useful for future diagnostics. Correct illness management is crucial for disease prognosis, hence non-invasive serum and urine biomarkers have been extensively studied for diagnosis, subclassification, monitoring disease activity, and predicting treatment results and consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Shama
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Thomson Soni
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Garima Upadhyay
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anshika Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vijay Prabha
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Njoku K, Pierce A, Geary B, Campbell AE, Kelsall J, Reed R, Armit A, Da Sylva R, Zhang L, Agnew H, Baricevic-Jones I, Chiasserini D, Whetton AD, Crosbie EJ. Quantitative SWATH-based proteomic profiling of urine for the identification of endometrial cancer biomarkers in symptomatic women. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1723-1732. [PMID: 36807337 PMCID: PMC10133303 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02139-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A non-invasive endometrial cancer detection tool that can accurately triage symptomatic women for definitive testing would improve patient care. Urine is an attractive biofluid for cancer detection due to its simplicity and ease of collection. The aim of this study was to identify urine-based proteomic signatures that can discriminate endometrial cancer patients from symptomatic controls. METHODS This was a prospective case-control study of symptomatic post-menopausal women (50 cancers, 54 controls). Voided self-collected urine samples were processed for mass spectrometry and run using sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS). Machine learning techniques were used to identify important discriminatory proteins, which were subsequently combined in multi-marker panels using logistic regression. RESULTS The top discriminatory proteins individually showed moderate accuracy (AUC > 0.70) for endometrial cancer detection. However, algorithms combining the most discriminatory proteins performed well with AUCs > 0.90. The best performing diagnostic model was a 10-marker panel combining SPRR1B, CRNN, CALML3, TXN, FABP5, C1RL, MMP9, ECM1, S100A7 and CFI and predicted endometrial cancer with an AUC of 0.92 (0.96-0.97). Urine-based protein signatures showed good accuracy for the detection of early-stage cancers (AUC 0.92 (0.86-0.9)). CONCLUSION A patient-friendly, urine-based test could offer a non-invasive endometrial cancer detection tool in symptomatic women. Validation in a larger independent cohort is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelechi Njoku
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, 5th Floor Research, St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Pierce
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, 5th Floor Research, St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Fron Heulog, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2TH, UK
| | - Bethany Geary
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, 5th Floor Research, St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Amy E Campbell
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, 5th Floor Research, St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Janet Kelsall
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachel Reed
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alexander Armit
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachel Da Sylva
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, 5th Floor Research, St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Heather Agnew
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, 5th Floor Research, St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Ivona Baricevic-Jones
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Davide Chiasserini
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Anthony D Whetton
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Emma J Crosbie
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, 5th Floor Research, St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK.
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
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Łaniewski P, Cui H, Mahnert ND, Mourad J, Borst MP, Willmott L, Chase DM, Roe DJ, Herbst-Kralovetz MM. Protein biomarkers in cervicovaginal lavages for detection of endometrial cancer. Biomark Res 2022; 10:88. [PMID: 36461062 PMCID: PMC9717501 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-022-00438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rates of endometrial cancer (EC) are increasing. For a definitive diagnosis, women undergo various time-consuming and painful medical procedures, such as endometrial biopsy with or without hysteroscopy, and dilation and curettage, which may create a barrier to early detection and treatment, particularly for women with inadequate healthcare access. Thus, there is a need to develop robust EC diagnostics based on non- or minimally-invasive sampling. The objective of this study was to quantify a broad range of immuno-oncology proteins in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) samples and investigate these proteins as predictive diagnostic biomarkers for EC. METHODS One hundred ninety-two women undergoing hysterectomy for benign or malignant indications were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Classification of women to four disease groups: benign conditions (n = 108), endometrial hyperplasia (n = 18), low-grade endometrioid carcinoma (n = 53) and other EC subtypes (n = 13) was based on histopathology of biopsy samples collected after the surgery. CVL samples were collected in the operating room during the standard-of-care hysterectomy procedure. Concentrations of 72 proteins in CVL samples were evaluated using multiplex immunoassays. Global protein profiles were assessed using principal component and hierarchical clustering analyses. The relationships between protein levels and disease groups and disease severity were determined using Spearman correlation, univariate and multivariate receiver operating characteristics, and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Women with EC and benign conditions exhibited distinctive cervicovaginal protein profiles. Several proteins in CVL samples (e.g., an immune checkpoint protein, TIM-3, growth factors, VEGF, TGF-α, and an anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10) discriminated EC from benign conditions, particularly, when tested in combinations with CA19-9, CA125, eotaxin, G-CSF, IL-6, MCP-1, MDC, MCP-3 and TRAIL (sensitivity of 86.1% and specificity of 87.9%). Furthermore, specific biomarkers (e.g., TIM-3, VEGF, TGF-α, TRAIL, MCP-3, IL-15, PD-L2, SCF) associated with histopathological tumor characteristics, including histological type and grade, tumor size, presence and depth of myometrial invasion or mismatch repair protein status, implying their potential utility for disease prognosis or monitoring therapies. CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-principle study demonstrated that cervicovaginal sampling coupled with multiplex immunoassay technology can offer a minimally to non-invasive method for EC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Łaniewski
- College of Medicine - Phoenix, University of Arizona, 425 N. 5th St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Haiyan Cui
- UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 3838 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Nichole D Mahnert
- College of Medicine - Phoenix, University of Arizona, 425 N. 5th St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
- Banner - University Medical Center, 1033 E. McDowell Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85006, USA
| | - Jamal Mourad
- College of Medicine - Phoenix, University of Arizona, 425 N. 5th St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
- Banner - University Medical Center, 1033 E. McDowell Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85006, USA
| | - Matthew P Borst
- College of Medicine - Phoenix, University of Arizona, 425 N. 5th St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
- Banner - University Medical Center, 1033 E. McDowell Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85006, USA
| | - Lyndsay Willmott
- Arizona Center for Cancer Care, 2222 E. Highland Ave, Phoenix, AZ, 85016, USA
| | - Dana M Chase
- Arizona Center for Cancer Care, 2222 E. Highland Ave, Phoenix, AZ, 85016, USA
| | - Denise J Roe
- UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 3838 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Melissa M Herbst-Kralovetz
- College of Medicine - Phoenix, University of Arizona, 425 N. 5th St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
- UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 3838 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA.
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Pu C, Biyuan, Xu K, Zhao Y. Glycosylation and its research progress in endometrial cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1865-1880. [PMID: 35752750 PMCID: PMC9418304 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02858-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common tumors in the female reproductive system, which seriously threatens women's health, particularly in developed countries. 13% of the patients with EC have a poor prognosis due to recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, identifying good predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets is critical to enable the early detection of metastasis and improve the prognosis. For decades, extensive studies had focused on glycans and glycoproteins in the progression of cancer. The types of glycans that are covalently attached to the polypeptide backbone, usually via nitrogen or oxygen linkages, are known as N‑glycans or O‑glycans, respectively. The degree of protein glycosylation and the aberrant changes in the carbohydrate structures have been implicated in the extent of tumorigenesis and reported to play a critical role in regulating tumor invasion, metabolism, and immunity. This review summarizes the essential biological role of glycosylation in EC, with a focus on the recent advances in glycomics and glycosylation markers, highlighting their implications in the diagnosis and treatment of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congli Pu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Biyuan
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yingchao Zhao
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Holcakova J, Bartosik M, Anton M, Minar L, Hausnerova J, Bednarikova M, Weinberger V, Hrstka R. New Trends in the Detection of Gynecological Precancerous Lesions and Early-Stage Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6339. [PMID: 34944963 PMCID: PMC8699592 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevention and early diagnostics of precancerous stages are key aspects of contemporary oncology. In cervical cancer, well-organized screening and vaccination programs, especially in developed countries, are responsible for the dramatic decline of invasive cancer incidence and mortality. Cytological screening has a long and successful history, and the ongoing implementation of HPV triage with increased sensitivity can further decrease mortality. On the other hand, endometrial and ovarian cancers are characterized by a poor accessibility to specimen collection, which represents a major complication for early diagnostics. Therefore, despite relatively promising data from evaluating the combined effects of genetic variants, population screening does not exist, and the implementation of new biomarkers is, thus, necessary. The introduction of various circulating biomarkers is of potential interest due to the considerable heterogeneity of cancer, as highlighted in this review, which focuses exclusively on the most common tumors of the genital tract, namely, cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. However, it is clearly shown that these malignancies represent different entities that evolve in different ways, and it is therefore necessary to use different methods for their diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Holcakova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Bartosik
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Milan Anton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaryk University and University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Lubos Minar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaryk University and University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Jitka Hausnerova
- Department of Pathology, Masaryk University and University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Marketa Bednarikova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Masaryk University and University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Vit Weinberger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaryk University and University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Roman Hrstka
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (M.B.)
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Novel diagnostic options for endometriosis - Based on the glycome and microbiome. J Adv Res 2021; 33:167-181. [PMID: 34603787 PMCID: PMC8463906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endometriosis is a chronic gynaecological disease whose aetiology is still unknown. Despite its prevalence among women of reproductive age, the pathology of the disease has not yet been elucidated and only symptomatic treatment is available. Endometriosis has high latency and diagnostic methods are both limited and invasive. Aim of review The aim of this review is to summarise minimally invasive or non-invasive diagnostic methods for endometriosis and their diagnostic efficiencies. Furthermore, we discuss the identification and diagnostic potential of novel disease biomarkers of microbial or glycan origin. Key scientific concepts of review Great efforts have been made to develop minimally invasive or non-invasive diagnostic methods in endometriosis. The problem with most potential biomarker candidates is that they have high accuracy only in cases of severe disease. Therefore, it is necessary to examine other potential biomarkers more closely. Associations between gastrointestinal and genital tract microbial health and endometriosis have been identified. For instance, irritable bowel syndrome is more common in women with endometriosis, and hormonal imbalance has a negative impact on the microbiome of both the genital tract and the gastrointestinal system. Further interrogation of these associations may have potential diagnostic significance and may identify novel therapeutic avenues. Glycomics may also be a potent source of biomarkers of endometriosis, with a number of glyco-biomarkers already approved by the FDA. Endometriosis-associated microbial and glycomic profiles may represent viable targets for development of innovative diagnostics in this debilitating disease.
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O'Flynn H, Jones E, Njoku K, Rana D, Shelton D, Narine N, Ramchander NC, Patel V, Walter FM, Walsh T, Crosbie EJ. Cytology for the diagnosis of endometrial cancer in symptomatic women. Hippokratia 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd014560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helena O'Flynn
- Division of Cancer Sciences; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - Eleanor Jones
- Division of Cancer Sciences; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester ; Manchester UK
| | - Kelechi Njoku
- Division of Cancer Sciences; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - Durgesh Rana
- Cytopathology; Manchester University Foundation Trust ; Manchester UK
| | - David Shelton
- Cytopathology; Manchester University Foundation Trust ; Manchester UK
| | - Nadira Narine
- Cytopathology; Manchester University Foundation Trust ; Manchester UK
| | - Neal C Ramchander
- Division of Cancer Sciences; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - Vaishali Patel
- Division of Cancer Sciences; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - Fiona M Walter
- Public Health & Primary Care; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Tanya Walsh
- Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - Emma J Crosbie
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
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Njoku K, Chiasserini D, Jones ER, Barr CE, O’Flynn H, Whetton AD, Crosbie EJ. Urinary Biomarkers and Their Potential for the Non-Invasive Detection of Endometrial Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:559016. [PMID: 33224875 PMCID: PMC7670058 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.559016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract and its incidence is rising in parallel with the mounting prevalence of obesity. Early diagnosis has great potential to improve outcomes as treatment can be curative, especially for early stage disease. Current tests and procedures for diagnosis are limited by insufficient accuracy in some and unacceptable levels of invasiveness and discomfort in others. There has, therefore, been a growing interest in the search for sensitive and specific biomarkers for endometrial cancer detection based on non-invasive sampling methodologies. Urine, the prototype non-invasive sample, is attractive for biomarker discovery as it is easily accessible and can be collected repeatedly and in quantity. Identification of urinary biomarkers for endometrial cancer detection relies on the excretion of systemic biomarkers by the kidneys or urinary contamination by biomarkers shed from the uterus. In this review, we present the current standing of the search for endometrial cancer urinary biomarkers based on cytology, genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic platforms. We summarize the biomarker candidates and highlight the challenges inherent in urinary biomarker discovery. We review the various technologies with promise for biomarker detection and assess these novel approaches for endometrial cancer biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelechi Njoku
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Davide Chiasserini
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Eleanor R. Jones
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe E. Barr
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Helena O’Flynn
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony D. Whetton
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Emma J. Crosbie
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
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10
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An electrochemical CD59 targeted noninvasive immunosensor based on graphene oxide nanoparticles embodied pencil graphite for detection of lung cancer. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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11
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Han X, Sanderson P, Nesheiwat S, Lin L, Yu Y, Zhang F, Amster IJ, Linhardt RJ. Structural analysis of urinary glycosaminoglycans from healthy human subjects. Glycobiology 2020; 30:143-151. [PMID: 31616929 PMCID: PMC7415306 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) can reflect the health condition of a human being, and the GAGs composition can be directly related to various diseases. In order to effectively utilize such information, a detailed understanding of urinary GAGs in healthy individuals can provide insight into the levels and structures of human urinary GAGs. In this study, urinary GAGs were collected and purified from healthy males and females of adults and young adults. The total creatinine-normalized urinary GAG content, molecular weight distribution and disaccharide compositions were determined. Using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE)-mass spectrometry (MS) and CZE-MS/MS relying on negative electron transfer dissociation, the major components of healthy human urinary GAGs were determined. The structures of 10 GAG oligosaccharides representing the majority of human urinary GAGs were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Han
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8 Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Patience Sanderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, 140 Cedar St, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Sara Nesheiwat
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8 Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Lei Lin
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8 Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Yanlei Yu
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8 Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8 Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - I Jonathan Amster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, 140 Cedar St, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8 Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
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12
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Kacírová M, Bober P, Alexovič M, Tomková Z, Tkáčiková S, Talian I, Mederová L, Bérešová D, Tóth R, Andrašina I, Kožlejová Z, Kilík R, Divín R, Sabo J. Differential Urinary Proteomic Analysis of Endometrial Cancer. Physiol Res 2019; 68:S483-S490. [PMID: 32118480 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is one of the most frequent gynecological malignancies present in more than 95 % of all uterine cancers. In spite of that, screening of such disease is not commonly performed in clinical practice due to enormous costs and relatively low sensitivity. Therefore, developing an effective screening test to diagnose endometrial cancer at early stages is of great importance for the clinical area of investigation. In this work, we applied urinary proteomics (i.e., bottom-up proteomic approach followed by nano HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) in patients with endometrial cancer, with respect to find proteins aimed for the early diagnostics and screening. According to the results, the significant semi-quantitative changes were observed in urinary proteome of treated patients. The proteins that may be pivotal in pathogenesis of endometrial cancer, like cadherin-1 (CDH1), vitronectin (VTN) and basement membrane specific-heparan sulphate proteoglycan core protein (HSPG2) were down-regulated, when compared to the control group. Ultimately, it can be stated that urinary proteomics has a potential for the searching of cancer protein biomarkers based on their altered concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kacírová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia.
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Njoku K, Chiasserini D, Whetton AD, Crosbie EJ. Proteomic Biomarkers for the Detection of Endometrial Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101572. [PMID: 31623106 PMCID: PMC6826703 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the leading gynaecological malignancy in the western world and its incidence is rising in tandem with the global epidemic of obesity. Early diagnosis is key to improving survival, which at 5 years is less than 20% in advanced disease and over 90% in early-stage disease. As yet, there are no validated biological markers for its early detection. Advances in high-throughput technologies and machine learning techniques now offer unique and promising perspectives for biomarker discovery, especially through the integration of genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and imaging data. Because the proteome closely mirrors the dynamic state of cells, tissues and organisms, proteomics has great potential to deliver clinically relevant biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. In this review, we present the current progress in endometrial cancer diagnostic biomarker discovery using proteomics. We describe the various mass spectrometry-based approaches and highlight the challenges inherent in biomarker discovery studies. We suggest novel strategies for endometrial cancer detection exploiting biologically important protein biomarkers and set the scene for future directions in endometrial cancer biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelechi Njoku
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, 5th Floor Research, St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Davide Chiasserini
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Anthony D Whetton
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Emma J Crosbie
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, 5th Floor Research, St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
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Gianazza E, Miller I, Guerrini U, Palazzolo L, Parravicini C, Eberini I. Gender proteomics II. Which proteins in sexual organs. J Proteomics 2017; 178:18-30. [PMID: 28988880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In continuity with the review dealing with differences by gender in non-sexual organs [1], this review collects data on the proteomes of the sexual organs as involved in human reproduction, under both physiological and pathological conditions. It also collects data on the tissue structures and biological fluids typical of pregnancy, such as placenta and amniotic fluid, as well as what may be tested on preimplantation embryos during medically assisted reproduction. The review includes as well mention to all fluids and secretions connected with sex organs and/or reproduction, including sperm and milk, to exemplify two distinctive items in male and female physiology. SIGNIFICANCE The causes of infertility are only incompletely understood; the same holds for the causes, and even the early markers, of the most frequent complications of pregnancy. To these established medical challenges, present day practice adds new issues connected with medically assisted reproduction. Omics approaches, including proteomics, are building the database for basic knowledge to possibly translate into clinical testing and eventually into medical routine in this critical branch of health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Gianazza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Ingrid Miller
- Institut für Medizinische Biochemie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Wien, Austria
| | - Uliano Guerrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Palazzolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Parravicini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Ivano Eberini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133 Milano, Italy
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15
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Hashim OH, Jayapalan JJ, Lee CS. Lectins: an effective tool for screening of potential cancer biomarkers. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3784. [PMID: 28894650 PMCID: PMC5592079 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the use of lectins for screening of potential biomarkers has gained increased importance in cancer research, given the development in glycobiology that highlights altered structural changes of glycans in cancer associated processes. Lectins, having the properties of recognizing specific carbohydrate moieties of glycoconjugates, have become an effective tool for detection of new cancer biomarkers in complex bodily fluids and tissues. The specificity of lectins provides an added advantage of selecting peptides that are differently glycosylated and aberrantly expressed in cancer patients, many of which are not possibly detected using conventional methods because of their low abundance in bodily fluids. When coupled with mass spectrometry, research utilizing lectins, which are mainly from plants and fungi, has led to identification of numerous potential cancer biomarkers that may be used in the future. This article reviews lectin-based methods that are commonly adopted in cancer biomarker discovery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onn Haji Hashim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jaime Jacqueline Jayapalan
- University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cheng-Siang Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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16
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Mu AKW, Lim BK, Aminudin N, Hashim OH, Shuib AS. Application of SELDI-TOF in N-glycopeptides profiling of the urine from patients with endometrial, ovarian and cervical cancer. Arch Physiol Biochem 2016; 122:111-6. [PMID: 26849673 DOI: 10.3109/13813455.2016.1151441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endometrial (ECa), ovarian (OCa) and cervical (CCa) cancers are among 10 of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. Cancers are known to cause some proteins to be differentially glycosylated or aberrantly excreted in the urine, which can be used as biomarkers. Since ECa, OCa and CCa are difficult to diagnose at the early stage, the aim of the present study was to identify a panel of new biomarkers for early detection of the cancers using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (SELDI-TOF) technology. Identification of early biomarkers that are specific and efficient can increase the survival rate of the patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Digested urinary proteins from patients with ECa, OCa and CCa were incubated on the champedak mannose-binding (CMB) lectin-immobilized PS10 chip. The lectin-captured glycopeptides were detected with SELDI-TOF mass spectrometry and followed by biomarker wizard analysis. RESULTS Peaks m/z 1201 and 1449 were detected as potential group discriminators. The peak m/z 1201 could distinguish OCa from CCa and ECa and its sensitivity and specificity were 100%. For m/z 1449, it was able to differentiate ECa from the other two types of cancer. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest urinary glycopeptides m/z 1201 and 1449 may serve as potential biomarkers for the early detection of ECa, OCa and CCa, although this requires further extensive validation on clinically representative populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Kang-Wai Mu
- a Department of Cell and Molecular Biology , University Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Selangor , Malaysia
| | | | - Norhaniza Aminudin
- a Department of Cell and Molecular Biology , University Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Selangor , Malaysia
- d University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Onn Haji Hashim
- c Department of Molecular Medicine , and
- d University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Adawiyah Suriza Shuib
- a Department of Cell and Molecular Biology , University Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Selangor , Malaysia
- d University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
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17
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Kameel NIA, Wong YH, Shuib AS, Tayyab S. Conformational analysis of champedak galactose-binding lectin under different urea concentrations. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 98:57-63. [PMID: 26642433 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Conformational analysis of champedak galactose-binding (CGB) lectin under different urea concentrations was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.2) using far-ultraviolet circular dichroism (far-UV CD), tryptophan (Trp) fluorescence and ANS fluorescence. In all cases, CGB lectin displayed a two-step, three-state transition. The first transition (from the native state to the intermediate state) started at ∼2.0 M urea and ended at ∼4.5 M urea, while the second transition (from the intermediate state to the completely denatured state) was characterized by the start- and end-points at ∼5.75 M and ∼7.5 M urea, respectively, when analyzed by the emission maximum of Trp fluorescence. A marked increase in the Trp fluorescence, ANS fluorescence and -CD values at 218 nm (-CD218 nm) represented the first transition, whereas a decrease in these parameters defined the second transition. On the other hand, emission maximum of the Trp fluorescence showed a continuous increase throughout the urea concentration range. Transformation of tetramer into monomer represented the first transition, whereas the second transition reflected the unfolding of monomer. Far-UV CD, Trp fluorescence and ANS fluorescence spectra were used to characterize the native, the intermediate and the completely denatured states of CGB lectin, obtained at 0.0 M, 5.0 M and 9.0 M urea, respectively. The intermediate state was characterized by the presence of higher secondary structures, increased ANS binding as well as increased Trp fluorescence intensity. A gradual decrease in the hemagglutination activity of CGB lectin was observed with increasing urea concentrations, showing complete loss at 4.0 M urea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Iman Ahamed Kameel
- Biomolecular Research Group, Biochemistry Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Yin How Wong
- Biomolecular Research Group, Biochemistry Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Adawiyah Suriza Shuib
- Biomolecular Research Group, Biochemistry Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Saad Tayyab
- Biomolecular Research Group, Biochemistry Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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18
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Mittal P, Klingler-Hoffmann M, Arentz G, Zhang C, Kaur G, Oehler MK, Hoffmann P. Proteomics of endometrial cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 10:217-29. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parul Mittal
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre; School of Biological Sciences; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS); The University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
| | - Manuela Klingler-Hoffmann
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre; School of Biological Sciences; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS); The University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
| | - Georgia Arentz
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre; School of Biological Sciences; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS); The University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
| | - Chao Zhang
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre; School of Biological Sciences; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS); The University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
| | - Gurjeet Kaur
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Minden Pulau Pinang Malaysia
| | - Martin K. Oehler
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology; Royal Adelaide Hospital; North Terrace Adelaide Australia
| | - Peter Hoffmann
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre; School of Biological Sciences; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
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19
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Chen Y, Phang WM, Mu AKW, Chan CK, Low BS, Sasidharan S, Chan KL. Decreased expression of alpha-2-HS glycoprotein in the sera of rats treated with Eurycoma longifolia extract. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:211. [PMID: 26441666 PMCID: PMC4585282 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Eurycoma longifolia is a Malaysian native herb that has been widely used as an aphrodisiac and a remedy for andropause. Although the physiological effects of the plant extract were predicted as a result of the alterations in protein expression, the key protein(s) involved in these alterations are still unclear. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of standardized E. longifolia extract on serum protein expression up to 28 days following oral administration in rats. Serum protein profiles were analyzed by 2-dimensional electrophoresis, and altered proteins were identified via mass spectrometry. We observed that alpha-2-HS glycoprotein (AHS) was significantly decreased in the serum of experimentally treated rats compared to pre-treated animals. Moreover, reduction in AHS was confirmed using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. AHS expression is known to be associated with insulin resistance and diabetes. Our data indicated that serum AHS was reduced in rats treated with standardized E. longifolia extract, and therefore form a prelude for further investigation into the effects of this natural extract in animal models involving infertility and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeng Chen
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wai-Mei Phang
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Alan K-W Mu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Choon-Keat Chan
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Bin-Seng Low
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang, Malaysia ; School of Medicine, Taylor's University Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sreenivasan Sasidharan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Kit-Lam Chan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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20
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Identification of protein markers in patients infected with Plasmodium knowlesi, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:19952-61. [PMID: 25372941 PMCID: PMC4264148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151119952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is caused by parasitic protozoans of the genus Plasmodium and is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in tropical and subtropical regions. For this reason, effective and practical diagnostic methods are urgently needed to control the spread of malaria. The aim of the current study was to identify a panel of new malarial markers, which could be used to diagnose patients infected with various Plasmodium species, including P. knowlesi, P. vivax and P. falciparum. Sera from malaria-infected patients were pooled and compared to control sera obtained from healthy individuals using the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique. Mass spectrometry was used to identify serum proteins and quantify their relative abundance. We found that the levels of several proteins were increased in pooled serum from infected patients, including cell adhesion molecule-4 and C-reactive protein. In contrast, the serum concentration of haptoglobin was reduced in malaria-infected individuals, which we verified by western blot assay. Therefore, these proteins might represent infectious markers of malaria, which could be used to develop novel diagnostic tools for detecting P. knowlesi, P. vivax and P. falciparum. However, these potential malarial markers will need to be validated in a larger population of infected individuals.
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21
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Mu AKW, Chan YS, Kang SS, Azman SN, Zain RB, Chai WL, Chen Y. DETECTION OF HOST-SPECIFIC IMMUNOGENIC PROTEINS IN THE SALIVA OF PATIENTS WITH ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2013; 35:183-93. [DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2013.836535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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22
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Wang X, Xia N, Liu L. Boronic Acid-based approach for separation and immobilization of glycoproteins and its application in sensing. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:20890-912. [PMID: 24141187 PMCID: PMC3821649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141020890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycoproteins influence a broad spectrum of biological processes including cell-cell interaction, host-pathogen interaction, or protection of proteins against proteolytic degradation. The analysis of their glyco-structures and concentration levels are increasingly important in diagnosis and proteomics. Boronic acids can covalently react with cis-diols in the oligosaccharide chains of glycoproteins to form five- or six-membered cyclic esters. Based on this interaction, boronic acid-based ligands and materials have attracted much attention in both chemistry and biology as the recognition motif for enrichment and chemo/biosensing of glycoproteins in recent years. In this work, we reviewed the progress in the separation, immobilization and detection of glycoproteins with boronic acid-functionalized materials and addressed its application in sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; E-Mails: (X.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Ning Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; E-Mails: (X.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; E-Mails: (X.W.); (L.L.)
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23
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Jayapalan JJ, Ng KL, Shuib AS, Razack AHA, Hashim OH. Urine of patients with early prostate cancer contains lower levels of light chain fragments of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor and saposin B but increased expression of an inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 fragment. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:1663-9. [PMID: 23417432 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed at the identification of proteins that are differentially expressed in the urine of patients with prostate cancer (PCa), those with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and age-matched healthy male control subjects. Using a combination of 2DE and MS/MS, significantly lower expression of urinary saposin B and two different fragments of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor light chain (ITIL) was demonstrated in the PCa patients compared to the controls. However, only one of the ITIL fragments was significantly different between the PCa and BPH patients. When image analysis was performed on urinary proteins that were transferred onto NC membranes and detected using a lectin that binds to O-glycans, a truncated fragment of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 was the sole protein found to be significantly enhanced in the PCa patients compared to the controls. Together, these urinary peptide fragments might be useful complementary biomarkers to indicate PCa as well as to distinguish it from BPH, although further epidemiological evidence on the specificity and sensitivity of the protein candidates is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime J Jayapalan
- University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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24
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Identification of O-glycosylated proteins that are aberrantly excreted in the urine of patients with early stage ovarian cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:7923-31. [PMID: 23579955 PMCID: PMC3645724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14047923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is known to induce or alter the O-glycosylation of selective proteins that may eventually be excreted in the patients' urine. The present study was performed to identify O-glycosylated proteins that are aberrantly excreted in the urine of patients with early stage ovarian cancer (OCa). These urinary glycoproteins are potential biomarkers for early detection of OCa. In this study, urinary proteins of patients with early stage OCa and age-matched OCa negative women were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and detection using a lectin that binds to the O-glycosylated proteins. Our analysis demonstrated significant enhanced expression of clusterin and leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein, but lower levels of kininogen in the urine of the OCa patients compared to the controls. The different altered levels of these urinary glycoproteins were further confirmed using competitive ELISA. Our data are suggestive of the potential use of the aberrantly excreted urinary O-glycosylated proteins as biomarkers for the early detection of OCa, although this requires further validation in a large clinically representative population.
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