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Sachan N, Sharma V, Mutsuddi M, Mukherjee A. Notch signalling: multifaceted role in development and disease. FEBS J 2024; 291:3030-3059. [PMID: 37166442 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Notch pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signalling system that operates to influence an astonishing array of cell fate decisions in different developmental contexts. Notch signalling plays important roles in many developmental processes, making it difficult to name a tissue or a developing organ that does not depend on Notch function at one stage or another. Thus, dysregulation of Notch signalling is associated with many developmental defects and various pathological conditions, including cancer. Although many recent advances have been made to reveal different aspects of the Notch signalling mechanism and its intricate regulation, there are still many unanswered questions related to how the Notch signalling pathway functions in so many developmental events. The same pathway can be deployed in numerous cellular contexts to play varied and critical roles in an organism's development and this is only possible because of the complex regulatory mechanisms of the pathway. In this review, we provide an overview of the mechanism and regulation of the Notch signalling pathway along with its multifaceted functions in different aspects of development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalani Sachan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vartika Sharma
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mousumi Mutsuddi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ashim Mukherjee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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2
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Thomasen PB, Salasova A, Kjaer-Sorensen K, Woloszczuková L, Lavický J, Login H, Tranberg-Jensen J, Almeida S, Beel S, Kavková M, Qvist P, Kjolby M, Ovesen PL, Nolte S, Vestergaard B, Udrea AC, Nejsum LN, Chao MV, Van Damme P, Krivanek J, Dasen J, Oxvig C, Nykjaer A. SorCS2 binds progranulin to regulate motor neuron development. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113333. [PMID: 37897724 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor neuron (MN) development and nerve regeneration requires orchestrated action of a vast number of molecules. Here, we identify SorCS2 as a progranulin (PGRN) receptor that is required for MN diversification and axon outgrowth in zebrafish and mice. In zebrafish, SorCS2 knockdown also affects neuromuscular junction morphology and fish motility. In mice, SorCS2 and PGRN are co-expressed by newborn MNs from embryonic day 9.5 until adulthood. Using cell-fate tracing and nerve segmentation, we find that SorCS2 deficiency perturbs cell-fate decisions of brachial MNs accompanied by innervation deficits of posterior nerves. Additionally, adult SorCS2 knockout mice display slower motor nerve regeneration. Interestingly, primitive macrophages express high levels of PGRN, and their interaction with SorCS2-positive motor axon is required during axon pathfinding. We further show that SorCS2 binds PGRN to control its secretion, signaling, and conversion into granulins. We propose that PGRN-SorCS2 signaling controls MN development and regeneration in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Bogetofte Thomasen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Alena Salasova
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Kasper Kjaer-Sorensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lucie Woloszczuková
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Josef Lavický
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hande Login
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Tranberg-Jensen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sergio Almeida
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sander Beel
- Department of Neurology and Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven and Center for Brain & Disease Research VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michaela Kavková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Per Qvist
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mads Kjolby
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Peter Lund Ovesen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Stella Nolte
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Benedicte Vestergaard
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Andreea-Cornelia Udrea
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Moses V Chao
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Department of Neurology and Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven and Center for Brain & Disease Research VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Krivanek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jeremy Dasen
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Claus Oxvig
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anders Nykjaer
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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3
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Protein expression reveals a molecular sexual identity of avian primordial germ cells at pre-gonadal stages. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19236. [PMID: 34584135 PMCID: PMC8478952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In poultry, in vitro propagated primordial germ cells (PGCs) represent an important tool for the cryopreservation of avian genetic resources. However, several studies have highlighted sexual differences exhibited by PGCs during in vitro propagation, which may compromise their reproductive capacities. To understand this phenomenon, we compared the proteome of pregonadal migratory male (ZZ) and female (ZW) chicken PGCs propagated in vitro by quantitative proteomic analysis using a GeLC-MS/MS strategy. Many proteins were found to be differentially abundant in chicken male and female PGCs indicating their early sexual identity. Many of the proteins more highly expressed in male PGCs were encoded by genes localised to the Z sex chromosome. This suggests that the known lack of dosage compensation of the transcription of Z-linked genes between sexes persists at the protein level in PGCs, and that this may be a key factor of their autonomous sex differentiation. We also found that globally, protein differences do not closely correlate with transcript differences indicating a selective translational mechanism in PGCs. Male and female PGC expressed protein sets were associated with differential biological processes and contained proteins known to be biologically relevant for male and female germ cell development, respectively. We also discovered that female PGCs have a higher capacity to uptake proteins from the cell culture medium than male PGCs. This study presents the first evidence of an early predetermined sex specific cell fate of chicken PGCs and their sexual molecular specificities which will enable the development of more precise sex-specific in vitro culture conditions for the preservation of avian genetic resources.
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Sullivan JM, Motley WW, Johnson JO, Aisenberg WH, Marshall KL, Barwick KE, Kong L, Huh JS, Saavedra-Rivera PC, McEntagart MM, Marion MH, Hicklin LA, Modarres H, Baple EL, Farah MH, Zuberi AR, Lutz CM, Gaudet R, Traynor BJ, Crosby AH, Sumner CJ. Dominant mutations of the Notch ligand Jagged1 cause peripheral neuropathy. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1506-1512. [PMID: 32065591 DOI: 10.1172/jci128152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is a highly conserved intercellular pathway with tightly regulated and pleiotropic roles in normal tissue development and homeostasis. Dysregulated Notch signaling has also been implicated in human disease, including multiple forms of cancer, and represents an emerging therapeutic target. Successful development of such therapeutics requires a detailed understanding of potential on-target toxicities. Here, we identify autosomal dominant mutations of the canonical Notch ligand Jagged1 (or JAG1) as a cause of peripheral nerve disease in 2 unrelated families with the hereditary axonal neuropathy Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2). Affected individuals in both families exhibited severe vocal fold paresis, a rare feature of peripheral nerve disease that can be life-threatening. Our studies of mutant protein posttranslational modification and localization indicated that the mutations (p.Ser577Arg, p.Ser650Pro) impair protein glycosylation and reduce JAG1 cell surface expression. Mice harboring heterozygous CMT2-associated mutations exhibited mild peripheral neuropathy, and homozygous expression resulted in embryonic lethality by midgestation. Together, our findings highlight a critical role for JAG1 in maintaining peripheral nerve integrity, particularly in the recurrent laryngeal nerve, and provide a basis for the evaluation of peripheral neuropathy as part of the clinical development of Notch pathway-modulating therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M Sullivan
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - William W Motley
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Janel O Johnson
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - William H Aisenberg
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine L Marshall
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Katy Es Barwick
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Lingling Kong
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer S Huh
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Meriel M McEntagart
- Medical Genetics, Clinical Developmental Sciences, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lucy A Hicklin
- Department of Ears, Nose and Throat (ENT), St. George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Emma L Baple
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed H Farah
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Aamir R Zuberi
- Genetic Resource Science, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Cathleen M Lutz
- Genetic Resource Science, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Rachelle Gaudet
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bryan J Traynor
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Brain Sciences Institute, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew H Crosby
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte J Sumner
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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5
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Zhou Z, Tian X, Mo B, Xu H, Zhang L, Huang L, Yao S, Huang Z, Wang Y, Xie H, Xu L, Zhang H. Adipose mesenchymal stem cell transplantation alleviates spinal cord injury-induced neuroinflammation partly by suppressing the Jagged1/Notch pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:212. [PMID: 32493480 PMCID: PMC7268310 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01724-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC) transplantation have been demonstrated in several models of central nervous system (CNS) injury and are thought to involve the modulation of the inflammatory response. However, the exact underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Activation of the Jagged1/Notch signaling pathway is thought to involve inflammatory and gliotic events in the CNS. Here, we elucidated the effect of ADSC transplantation on the inflammatory reaction after spinal cord injury (SCI) and the potential mechanism mediated by Jagged1/Notch signaling pathway suppression. METHODS To evaluate the therapeutic effects of ADSC treatment and the potential inhibitory effects of ADSCs on Notch signaling, mice were subjected to contusion SCI, and GFP-labeled ADSCs were injected into the lesion site immediately after the injury. Locomotor function, spinal cord tissue morphology, and the levels of Notch-related proteins and proinflammatory transcripts were compared between groups. To validate the hypothesis that the therapeutic effects of ADSCs are partly due to Notch1 signaling inhibition, a Jagged1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) was injected into the spinal cord to knock down Jagged1/Notch signaling. Neuronal staining and analyses of microglia/macrophage activation and signaling pathways were performed. RESULTS We demonstrated that ADSCs survived in the injured spinal cord for at least 28 days without differentiating into glial or neuronal elements. ADSC treatment resulted in significant downregulation of proinflammatory mediator expression and reduced ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA1) and ED-1 staining in the injured spinal cord, eventually improving functional recovery. The augmentation of the Jagged1/Notch signaling pathway after SCI was suppressed by ADSC transplantation. The inhibition of the Jagged1/Notch signaling pathway by Jagged1 siRNA resulted in decreases in SCI-induced proinflammatory cytokines and the activation of microglia and an increase in the survival of neurons. Furthermore, Jagged1 knockdown suppressed the phosphorylation of JAK/STAT3 in astrocytes following SCI. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrated that the therapeutic effects of ADSCs in SCI mice were partly due to Jagged1/Notch signaling pathway inhibition and a subsequent reduction in JAK/STAT3 phosphorylation in astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilai Zhou
- The Spine Department, Orthopaedic Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Tian
- The Spine Department, Orthopaedic Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biling Mo
- Department of Cardiology, Liwan Central Hospital of Gaungzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huali Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhu Jiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- The Spine Department, Orthopaedic Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lishan Huang
- The Spine Department, Orthopaedic Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shun Yao
- The Spine Department, Orthopaedic Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixiang Huang
- The Spine Department, Orthopaedic Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yeyang Wang
- The Spine Department, Orthopaedic Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Xie
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwei Xu
- The Spine Department, Orthopaedic Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- The Spine Department, Orthopaedic Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China. .,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Glial cells involvement in spinal muscular atrophy: Could SMA be a neuroinflammatory disease? Neurobiol Dis 2020; 140:104870. [PMID: 32294521 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a severe, inherited disease characterized by the progressive degeneration and death of motor neurons of the anterior horns of the spinal cord, which results in muscular atrophy and weakness of variable severity. Its early-onset form is invariably fatal in early childhood, while milder forms lead to permanent disability, physical deformities and respiratory complications. Recently, two novel revolutionary therapies, antisense oligonucleotides and gene therapy, have been approved, and might prove successful in making long-term survival of these patients likely. In this perspective, a deep understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms and of their impact on the interactions between motor neurons and other cell types within the central nervous system (CNS) is crucial. Studies using SMA animal and cellular models have taught us that the survival and functionality of motor neurons is highly dependent on a whole range of other cell types, namely glial cells, which are responsible for a variety of different functions, such as neuronal trophic support, synaptic remodeling, and immune surveillance. Thus, it emerges that SMA is likely a non-cell autonomous, multifactorial disease in which the interaction of different cell types and disease mechanisms leads to motor neurons failure and loss. This review will introduce the different glial cell types in the CNS and provide an overview of the role of glial cells in motor neuron degeneration in SMA. Furthermore, we will discuss the relevance of these findings so far and the potential impact on the success of available therapies and on the development of novel ones.
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Abstract
Survival motor neuron (SMN) deficiency indicates that various cellular processes are impaired in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Previous reports have shown that SMN deficiency causes motor neuron degeneration, whereas the numbers of astrocytes and microglia are significantly increased or activated in SMA model systems. Only a few groups have studied the role of oligodendrocyte (OL) lineages such as OL precursor cell and nerve/glial antigen 2 (NG2)-glia in SMA pathology. Our aim in this study was to investigate whether OL lineages are impaired in SMA model systems. We investigated the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) and NG2, which are OL lineage markers, using SMNΔ7 mice (mSmn, SMN2, SMNΔ7) and cell cultures derived from induced pluripotent stem cells generated from SMA patients. We showed for the first time that the OL lineages, including NG2-positive OL precursor cells and MBP-positive myelinating OLs were impaired in SMNΔ7 mice and induced pluripotent stem cells derived from SMA patients. Notch was involved in the decline of NG2 expression in the spinal cord of SMNΔ7 mice. In addition, pharmacological Notch inhibition promoted MBP-positive OL differentiation in SMNΔ7 mice. These findings indicate that OL differentiation was impaired in SMA, which might be involved in the Notch dysregulation.
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Abstract
Motor neuron disorders are highly debilitating and mostly fatal conditions for which only limited therapeutic options are available. To overcome this limitation and develop more effective therapeutic strategies, it is critical to discover the pathogenic mechanisms that trigger and sustain motor neuron degeneration with the greatest accuracy and detail. In the case of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), several genes have been associated with familial forms of the disease, whilst the vast majority of cases develop sporadically and no defined cause can be held responsible. On the contrary, the huge majority of Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) occurrences are caused by loss-of-function mutations in a single gene, SMN1. Although the typical hallmark of both diseases is the loss of motor neurons, there is increasing awareness that pathological lesions are also present in the neighbouring glia, whose dysfunction clearly contributes to generating a toxic environment in the central nervous system. Here, ALS and SMA are sequentially presented, each disease section having a brief introduction, followed by a focussed discussion on the role of the astrocytes in the disease pathogenesis. Such a dissertation is substantiated by the findings that built awareness on the glial involvement and how the glial-neuronal interplay is perturbed, along with the appraisal of this new cellular site for possible therapeutic intervention.
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Notch Signaling Mediates Astrocyte Abnormality in Spinal Muscular Atrophy Model Systems. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3701. [PMID: 30842449 PMCID: PMC6403369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39788-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder characterized by the degeneration of spinal motor neurons and muscle atrophy. The disease is mainly caused by low level of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein, which is coded by two genes, namely SMN1 and SMN2, but leads to selective spinal motor neuron degeneration when SMN1 gene is deleted or mutated. Previous reports have shown that SMN-protein-deficient astrocytes are abnormally abundant in the spinal cords of SMA model mice. However, the mechanism of the SMN- deficient astrocyte abnormality remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to identify the cellular signaling pathways associated with the SMN-deficient astrocyte abnormality and propose a candidate therapy tool that modulates signaling. In the present study, we found that the astrocyte density was increased around the central canal of the spinal cord in a mouse SMA model and we identified the dysregulation of Notch signaling which is a known mechanism that regulates astrocyte differentiation and proliferation, in the spinal cord in both early and late stages of SMA pathogenesis. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of Notch signaling improved the motor functional deficits in SMA model mice. These findings indicate that dysregulated Notch signaling may be an underlying cause of SMA pathology.
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Nonneman A, Criem N, Lewandowski SA, Nuyts R, Thal DR, Pfrieger FW, Ravits J, Van Damme P, Zwijsen A, Van Den Bosch L, Robberecht W. Astrocyte-derived Jagged-1 mitigates deleterious Notch signaling in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 119:26-40. [PMID: 30010003 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset devastating degenerative disease mainly affecting motor neurons. Motor neuron degeneration is accompanied and aggravated by oligodendroglial pathology and the presence of reactive astrocytes and microglia. We studied the role of the Notch signaling pathway in ALS, as it is implicated in several processes that may contribute to this disease, including axonal retraction, microgliosis, astrocytosis, oligodendrocyte precursor cell proliferation and differentiation, and cell death. We observed abnormal activation of the Notch signaling pathway in the spinal cord of SOD1G93A mice, a well-established model for ALS, as well as in the spinal cord of patients with sporadic ALS (sALS). This increased activation was particularly evident in reactive GFAP-positive astrocytes. In addition, one of the main Notch ligands, Jagged-1, was ectopically expressed in reactive astrocytes in spinal cord from ALS mice and patients, but absent in resting astrocytes. Astrocyte-specific inactivation of Jagged-1 in presymptomatic SOD1G93A mice further exacerbated the activation of the Notch signaling pathway and aggravated the course of the disease in these animals without affecting disease onset. These data suggest that aberrant Notch signaling activation contributes to the pathogenesis of ALS, both in sALS patients and SOD1G93A mice, and that it is mitigated in part by the upregulation of astrocytic Jagged-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies Nonneman
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurobiology and Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathan Criem
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Human Genetics, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastian A Lewandowski
- KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institute, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rik Nuyts
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurobiology and Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dietmar R Thal
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Neuropathology, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank W Pfrieger
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR 3212, University of Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - John Ravits
- University of California, Department of Neurosciences, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0624, USA
| | - Philip Van Damme
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurobiology and Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Zwijsen
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Human Genetics, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurobiology and Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Robberecht
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurobiology and Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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11
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Sison SL, Patitucci TN, Seminary ER, Villalon E, Lorson CL, Ebert AD. Astrocyte-produced miR-146a as a mediator of motor neuron loss in spinal muscular atrophy. Hum Mol Genet 2018. [PMID: 28637335 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), the leading genetic cause of infant mortality, is caused by the loss of the survival motor neuron-1 (SMN1) gene, which leads to motor neuron loss, muscle atrophy, respiratory distress, and death. Motor neurons exhibit the most profound loss, but the mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis are not fully understood. Recent evidence suggests that motor neuron extrinsic influences, such as those arising from astrocytes, contribute to motor neuron malfunction and loss. Here we investigated both loss-of-function and toxic gain-of-function astrocyte mechanisms that could play a role in SMA pathology. We had previously found that glial derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is reduced in SMA astrocytes. However, reduced GDNF expression does not play a major role in SMA pathology as viral-mediated GDNF re-expression did not improve astrocyte function or motor neuron loss. In contrast, we found that SMA astrocytes increased microRNA (miR) production and secretion compared to control astrocytes, suggesting potential toxic gain-of-function properties. Specifically, we found that miR-146a was significantly upregulated in SMA induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived astrocytes and SMNΔ7 mouse spinal cord. Moreover, increased miR-146a was sufficient to induce motor neuron loss in vitro, whereas miR-146a inhibition prevented SMA astrocyte-induced motor neuron loss. Together, these data indicate that altered astrocyte production of miR-146a may be a contributing factor in astrocyte-mediated SMA pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Sison
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226 WI, USA
| | - Teresa N Patitucci
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226 WI, USA
| | - Emily R Seminary
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226 WI, USA
| | - Eric Villalon
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, 65211 MO, USA
| | - Christian L Lorson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, 65211 MO, USA
| | - Allison D Ebert
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226 WI, USA
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Maeda M, Harris AW, Kingham BF, Lumpkin CJ, Opdenaker LM, McCahan SM, Wang W, Butchbach MER. Transcriptome profiling of spinal muscular atrophy motor neurons derived from mouse embryonic stem cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106818. [PMID: 25191843 PMCID: PMC4156416 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an early onset, autosomal recessive motor neuron disease caused by loss of or mutation in SMN1 (survival motor neuron 1). Despite understanding the genetic basis underlying this disease, it is still not known why motor neurons (MNs) are selectively affected by the loss of the ubiquitously expressed SMN protein. Using a mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) model for severe SMA, the RNA transcript profiles (transcriptomes) between control and severe SMA (SMN2+/+;mSmn−/−) mESC-derived MNs were compared in this study using massively parallel RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). The MN differentiation efficiencies between control and severe SMA mESCs were similar. RNA-Seq analysis identified 3,094 upregulated and 6,964 downregulated transcripts in SMA mESC-derived MNs when compared against control cells. Pathway and network analysis of the differentially expressed RNA transcripts showed that pluripotency and cell proliferation transcripts were significantly increased in SMA MNs while transcripts related to neuronal development and activity were reduced. The differential expression of selected transcripts such as Crabp1, Crabp2 and Nkx2.2 was validated in a second mESC model for SMA as well as in the spinal cords of low copy SMN2 severe SMA mice. Furthermore, the levels of these selected transcripts were restored in high copy SMN2 rescue mouse spinal cords when compared against low copy SMN2 severe SMA mice. These findings suggest that SMN deficiency affects processes critical for normal development and maintenance of MNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Maeda
- Center for Applied Clinical Genomics, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Ashlee W. Harris
- Center for Applied Clinical Genomics, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Brewster F. Kingham
- Sequencing and Genotyping Center, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Casey J. Lumpkin
- Center for Applied Clinical Genomics, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Lynn M. Opdenaker
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Suzanne M. McCahan
- Center for Pediatric Research, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Wenlan Wang
- Center for Applied Clinical Genomics, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America
- Center for Pediatric Research, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Matthew E. R. Butchbach
- Center for Applied Clinical Genomics, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America
- Center for Pediatric Research, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mechanisms involved in spinal cord central synapse loss in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2014; 73:519-35. [PMID: 24806302 DOI: 10.1097/nen.0000000000000074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Motoneuron (MN) cell death is the histopathologic hallmark of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), although MN loss seems to be a late event. Conversely, disruption of afferent synapses on MNs has been shown to occur early in SMA. Using a mouse model of severe SMA (SMNΔ7), we examined the mechanisms involved in impairment of central synapses. We found that MNs underwent progressive degeneration in the course of SMA, with MN loss still occurring at late stages. Loss of afferent inputs to SMA MNs was detected at embryonic stages, long before MN death. Reactive microgliosis and astrogliosis were present in the spinal cord of diseased animals after the onset of MN loss. Ultrastructural observations indicate that dendrites and microglia phagocytose adjacent degenerating presynaptic terminals. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase was upregulated in SMNΔ7 MNs, and there was an increase in phosphorylated myosin light chain expression in synaptic afferents on MNs; these observations implicate nitric oxide in MN deafferentation and suggest that the RhoA/ROCK pathway is activated. Together, our observations suggest that the earliest change occurring in SMNΔ7 mice is the loss of excitatory glutamatergic synaptic inputs to MNs; reduced excitability may enhance their vulnerability to degeneration and death.
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