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Buitimea-Cantúa GV, Leija Gutiérrez HM, Buitimea-Cantúa NE, Del Refugio Rocha-Pizaña M, García-Triana A, Hernández-Morales A, Magaña-Barajas E, Molina-Torres J. The aflatoxin inhibitors capsaicin and piperine from Capsicum chinense and Piper nigrum fruits modulate the antioxidant system in Aspergillus parasiticus. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2022; 57:358-368. [PMID: 35392762 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2022.2060029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Several aflatoxin inhibitors can modulate the antioxidant system in fungi. In this work, the effect of the ethanolic extract of Capsicum chinense and Piper nigrum fruits, capsaicin, and piperine on the expression of the aflE, aflG, aflH, aflI, aflK, aflL, aflO, aflP, and aflQ genes involved in the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway in Aspergillus parasiticus were studied by qRT-PCR analysis. As well as, the effect on the expression of fungal antioxidant genes (sod1, catA, and cat2) and enzymatic activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results reveal that the highest (p < 0.05) radial growth inhibition (68 and 86%) and aflatoxins production inhibition (73 and 80%) was observed with capsaicin and piperine respectively, at 300 µg/mL, instead of the ethanolic extract at the same concentration. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that compounds and extracts at 300 µg/mL induced a down-regulation of aflatoxin genes and an up-regulation on the fungal antioxidant genes. CAT activity increased by 23.15, 36.65, 51.40, and 65.50%, in the presence of C. chinense and P. nigrum extract, capsaicin, and piperine exposure, respectively. While SOD activity was not significantly impacted (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the capsaicin and piperine, two antifungal and anti-aflatoxigenic compounds produce an up-regulation of antioxidant defense genes accompanied by an enhancement of catalase enzymatic activity in A. parasiticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Génesis V Buitimea-Cantúa
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Monterrey, NL, México
- CINVESTAV, Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioquímica, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Héctor Manuel Leija Gutiérrez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Centro de Investigación Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Nydia E Buitimea-Cantúa
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Monterrey, NL, México
| | | | | | - Alejandro Hernández-Morales
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Elisa Magaña-Barajas
- Programa de Ingeniería en Tecnologías de Alimentos, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Perimetral y Ley, Hermosillo, SO, México
| | - Jorge Molina-Torres
- CINVESTAV, Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioquímica, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
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Zhou S, Huang G. Preparation, structure and activity of polysaccharide phosphate esters. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112332. [PMID: 34673422 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides have anti-virus, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, immune regulation, hypoglycemia and other biological activities. Because of their safety, fewer side effects and other advantages, polysaccharides are considered as ideal raw materials in food and drugs. The biological activity of polysaccharides can be improved by structural modification (such as sulfation, carboxymethylation, phosphorylation, etc.), and even new biological activity can be generated. In this review, the recent advances in the phosphorylation of polysaccharides were reviewed from the perspectives of modification methods, structures, biological activities and structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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Buitimea-Cantúa GV, Magaña-Barajas E, Buitimea-Cantúa NE, Leija Gutiérrez HM, Del Refugio Rocha-Pizaña M, Rosas-Burgos EC, Hernández-Morales A, Molina-Torres J. Down-regulation of aflatoxin biosynthetic genes in Aspergillus parasiticus by Heliopsis longipes roots and affinin for reduction of aflatoxin production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2021; 56:899-908. [PMID: 34487477 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2021.1974273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Affinin present in Heliopsis longipes roots has been identified as an anti-aflatoxin molecule. However, its mechanism of action has yet to be clarified. Aflatoxins biosynthesis involves not less than 27 enzymatic reactions. In this work, the genes aflG, aflH, aflI, aflK, aflL, aflM, aflO, aflP, and aflQ of the aflatoxins cluster and the aflS gene encoding an internal regulatory factor involved in aflatoxins biosynthesis in Aspergillus parasiticus, were studied by qRT-PCR. Results demonstrated that ethanolic extract of H. longipes roots and affinin inhibit aflatoxin biosynthesis and fungal growth in a dose-dependent manner. At 300 µg/mL, ethanolic extract and affinin presented the highest inhibition of radial growth (86% and 94%) and aflatoxin production (68% and 80%). The qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that nine tested genes were down-regulated by affinin and ethanolic extract. The most down-regulated was the aflK, a gene that encodes an enzyme cyclase with double function during the aflatoxin biosynthesis. While no significant down-regulation was obtaining for aflH gene. Exposure to affinin also resulted in decreased transcript levels of the internal regulator factor aflS. Based on our results, a model showing the regulatory mechanism in aflatoxin biosynthesis and its role in gene expression was proposed. In conclusion, affinin modulates the expression of several aflatoxin biosynthetic genes, leading to mycotoxin biosynthesis inhibition. Therefore, H. longipes roots is a suitable candidate to developed control strategies via lowering gene expressions as a future perspective in reducing aflatoxin contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Génesis V Buitimea-Cantúa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioquímica, CINVESTAV, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Elisa Magaña-Barajas
- Programa de Ingeniería en Tecnologías de Alimentos, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Hermosillo, México
| | - Nydia E Buitimea-Cantúa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Héctor Manuel Leija Gutiérrez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, CICFM-Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas. San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, México
| | | | - Ema Carina Rosas-Burgos
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Alejandro Hernández-Morales
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Jorge Molina-Torres
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioquímica, CINVESTAV, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
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A carboxymethyl lentinan layer by layer self-assembly system as a promising drug chemotherapeutic platform. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 261:117847. [PMID: 33766343 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Surface functionalization of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) has been proposed as an efficient strategy for enhancing the biocompatibility and efficiency of an MSN-based carrier platform. Herein, natural polyelectrolyte multilayers composed of poly-l-ornithine (PLO) and carboxymethyl lentinan (LC) were coated on the surface of MSNs through a layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique, and were characterized by ζ-potential, FTIR, 13C NMR, SEM, TEM, XRD, and TG. The prepared carrier presented alternating positive and negative potentials when coated with the polyelectrolytes, and the surface of MSN-PLO/LC was rougher compared to the naked MSNs. The biocompatibility tests, including cytocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and histocompatibility, showed that MSNs biocompatibility could be improved by modifying LC. A high loading and sustained release drug delivery system was constructed after loading doxorubicin (DOX) into the prepared MSN-PLO/LC, which exhibited significant anti-proliferative efficiency in human cervical cancer cell lines (Hela). Therefore, the PLO/LC LbL NPs (layer-by-layer self-assembled nanoparticles coated with PLO/LC layers) based on MSNs, which is easily prepared by electrostatic interactions, can be considered a promising drug chemotherapeutic platform and delivery technique for future human cervical cancer therapy.
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Modification and application of polysaccharide from traditional Chinese medicine such as Dendrobium officinale. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 157:385-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Dallabona C, Pioli M, Spadola G, Orsoni N, Bisceglie F, Lodi T, Pelosi G, Restivo FM, Degola F. Sabotage at the Powerhouse? Unraveling the Molecular Target of 2-Isopropylbenzaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone, a Specific Inhibitor of Aflatoxin Biosynthesis and Sclerotia Development in Aspergillus flavus, Using Yeast as a Model System. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162971. [PMID: 31426298 PMCID: PMC6719062 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amongst the various approaches to contain aflatoxin contamination of feed and food commodities, the use of inhibitors of fungal growth and/or toxin biosynthesis is showing great promise for the implementation or the replacement of conventional pesticide-based strategies. Several inhibition mechanisms were found taking place at different levels in the biology of the aflatoxin-producing fungal species such as Aspergillus flavus: compounds that influence aflatoxin production may block the biosynthetic pathway through the direct control of genes belonging to the aflatoxin gene cluster, or interfere with one or more of the several steps involved in the aflatoxin metabolism upstream. Recent findings pointed to mitochondrial functionality as one of the potential targets of some aflatoxin inhibitors. Additionally, we have recently reported that the effect of a compound belonging to the class of thiosemicarbazones might be related to the energy generation/carbon flow and redox homeostasis control by the fungal cell. Here, we report our investigation about a putative molecular target of the 3-isopropylbenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (mHtcum), using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as model system, to demonstrate how the compound can actually interfere with the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Dallabona
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Marianna Pioli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Spadola
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicolò Orsoni
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Franco Bisceglie
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Tiziana Lodi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Restivo
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Degola
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy.
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Hu Y, Zhang J, Kong W, Zhao G, Yang M. Mechanisms of antifungal and anti-aflatoxigenic properties of essential oil derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on Aspergillus flavus. Food Chem 2017; 220:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Wang H, Lei Y, Yan L, Cheng K, Dai X, Wan L, Guo W, Cheng L, Liao B. Deep sequencing analysis of transcriptomes in Aspergillus flavus in response to resveratrol. BMC Microbiol 2015; 15:182. [PMID: 26420172 PMCID: PMC4589122 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-015-0513-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resveratrol has been reported as a natural phytoalexin that inhibits infection or the growth of certain fungi including Aspergillus flavus. Our previous research revealed that aflatoxin production in A. flavus was reduced in medium with resveratrol. To understand the molecular mechanism of the A. flavus response to resveratrol treatment, the high-throughput paired-end RNA-Seq was applied to analyze the transcriptomic profiles of A. flavus. Results In total, 366 and 87 genes of A. flavus were significantly up- and down- regulated, respectively, when the fungus was treated with resveratrol. Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis revealed that 48 significantly differentially expressed genes were involved in 6 different terms. Most genes in the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway genes cluster (#54) did not show a significant change when A. flavus was treated with resveratrol, but 23 of the 30 genes in the #54 cluster were down-regulated. The transcription of aflA and aflB was significantly suppressed under resveratrol treatment, resulting in an insufficient amount of the starter unit hexanoate for aflatoxin biosynthesis. In addition, resveratrol significantly increased the activity of antioxidative enzymes that destroy radicals, leading to decreased aflatoxin production. Moreover, stuA, fluG, flbC, and others genes involved in mycelial and conidial development were down-regulated, which disrupted the cell’s orderly differentiation and blocked conidia formation and mycelia development. The transcripts of laeA and veA were slightly inhibited by resveratrol, which may partly decrease aflatoxin production and depress conidia formation. Conclusions Resveratrol can affect the expression of A. flavus genes that are related to developmental and secondary metabolic processes, resulting in decreased aflatoxin production and conidia formation and could also cause abnormal mycelia development. These results provide insight into the transcriptome of A. flavus in response to resveratrol and a new clew for further study in regulation of aflatoxin biosynthesis in A. flavus. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-015-0513-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houmiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China. .,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences-International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Joint Laboratory for Groundnut Aflatoxin Management, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Yong Lei
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China. .,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences-International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Joint Laboratory for Groundnut Aflatoxin Management, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Liying Yan
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China. .,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences-International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Joint Laboratory for Groundnut Aflatoxin Management, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Ke Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China. .,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences-International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Joint Laboratory for Groundnut Aflatoxin Management, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Dai
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Liyun Wan
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China. .,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences-International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Joint Laboratory for Groundnut Aflatoxin Management, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Wei Guo
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Liangqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China. .,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences-International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Joint Laboratory for Groundnut Aflatoxin Management, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Boshou Liao
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China. .,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences-International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Joint Laboratory for Groundnut Aflatoxin Management, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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Nanocapsular dispersion of cinnamaldehyde for enhanced inhibitory activity against aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus. Molecules 2015; 20:6022-32. [PMID: 25853318 PMCID: PMC6272766 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20046022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is marginally soluble in water, making it challenging to evenly disperse it in foods, and resulting in lowered anti-A. flavus efficacy. In the present study, nano-dispersed CA (nano-CA) was prepared to increase its aqueous solubility. Free and nano-dispersed CA were compared in terms of their inhibitory activity against fungal growth and aflatoxin production of A. flavus both in Sabouraud Dextrose (SD) culture and in peanut butter. Our results indicated that free CA inhibited the mycelia growth and aflatoxin production of A. flavus with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 1.0 mM, but promoted the aflatoxin production at some concentrations lower than the MIC. Nano-CA had a lower MIC value of 0.8 mM against A. flavus, and also showed improved activity against aflatoxin production without the promotion at lower dose. The solidity of peanut butter had an adverse impact on the antifungal activity of free CA, whereas nano-dispersed CA showed more than 2-fold improved activity against the growth of A. flavus. Free CA still promoted AFB1 production at the concentration of 0.25 mM, whereas nano-CA showed more efficient inhibition of AFB1 production in the butter.
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