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Genome Resequencing and Transcriptome Analysis Reveal the Genetic Diversity of Wolfiporia cocos Germplasm and Genes Related to High Yield. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:312. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-03011-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Sun X, Wu J, Zhang S, Luo L, Mo C, Sheng L, Ma A. Genome and Comparative Transcriptome Dissection Provide Insights Into Molecular Mechanisms of Sclerotium Formation in Culinary-Medicinal Mushroom Pleurotus tuber-regium. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:815954. [PMID: 35250915 PMCID: PMC8891965 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.815954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleurotus tuber-regium is an edible and medicinal sclerotium-producing mushroom. The sclerotia of this mushroom also serve as food and folk medicine. Based on the description of its monokaryon genome, sequenced with Illumina and PacBio sequencing technologies, comparative transcriptomic analysis using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was employed to study its mechanism of sclerotium formation. The de novo assembled genome is 35.82 Mb in size with a N50 scaffold size of 4.29 Mb and encodes 12,173 putative proteins. Expression analysis demonstrated that 1,146 and 1,249 genes were upregulated and downregulated with the formation of sclerotia, respectively. The differentially expressed genes were associated with substrate decomposition, the oxidation-reduction process, cell wall synthesis, and other biological processes in P. tuber-regium. These genomic and transcriptomic resources provide useful information for the mechanism underlying sclerotium formation in P. tuber-regium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyue Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuhui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cuiyuan Mo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Sheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aimin Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
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Sun X, Liu D, Wang Y, Ma A. Biogenesis of macrofungal sclerotia: influencing factors and molecular mechanisms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:4227-4234. [PMID: 32198573 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10545-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sclerotia are dense, hard tissue structures formed by asexual reproduction of fungal hyphae in adverse environmental conditions. Macrofungal sclerotia are used in medicinal materials, healthcare foods, and nutritional supplements because of their nutritional value and biologically active ingredients, which are attracting increasing attention. Over the past few decades, the influence of abiotic factors such as nutrition (e.g., carbon and nitrogen sources) and environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, pH), and of the local biotic community (e.g., concomitants) on the formation of macrofungal sclerotia has been studied. The molecular mechanisms controlling macrofungal sclerotia formation, including oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species), signal transduction (Ca2+ channels and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways), and gene expression regulation (differential expression of important enzyme or structural protein genes), have also been revealed. At the end of this review, future research prospects in the field of biogenesis of macrofungal sclerotia are discussed. KEY POINTS: • We describe factors that influence biogenesis of macrofungal sclerotia. • We explain molecular mechanisms of sclerotial biogenesis. • We discuss future directions of study of macrofungal sclerotia biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dongmei Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Aimin Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Guo Y, Li X, Zhao Z, Nawaz Z. Predicting the impacts of climate change, soils and vegetation types on the geographic distribution of Polyporus umbellatus in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 648:1-11. [PMID: 30103037 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyporus umbellatus is a fungus that has been used medically as a diuretic for thousands of years in China. To evaluate the impacts of climatic change on the distribution of P. umbellatus, we selected the annual mean air temperature, isothermality, minimum temperature of the coldest month, annual temperature range, annual precipitation and precipitation seasonality and used observations from the 2000s and simulated values from two future periods (2041 to 2060 and 2061 to 2080) to build an ensemble model (EM); then, we developed a comprehensive habitat suitability model by integrating soil and vegetation conditions into the EM to assess the distribution of suitable P. umbellatus habitats across China in the 2000s and the two future periods. Our results show that annual precipitation and annual mean air temperature together largely determine the distribution of P. umbellatus and those suitable P. umbellatus habitats generally occur in areas with an optimal annual precipitation of approximately 1000 mm and an optimal annual mean air temperature of approximately 13 °C. In other words, P. umbellatus requires a humid and cool environment for growth. In addition, brown soils with a granular structure and low acidity are more suitable for P. umbellatus. Furthermore, we have observed that the distribution of P. umbellatus is usually associated with the presence of coniferous, mixed coniferous, and broad-leaved forests, suggesting that these vegetation types are suitable habitats for P. umbellatus. In the future, annual precipitation and annual mean air temperature will continue to increase, consequently increasing the availability of habitats suitable for P. umbellatus in northeastern and southwestern China but likely leading to a degradation of suitable P. umbellatus habitats in central China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Guo
- Northwest Institute of the Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xin Li
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Zefang Zhao
- College of Tourism and Environment, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China.
| | - Zain Nawaz
- Northwest Institute of the Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Liu M, Zhang D, Xing Y, Guo S. Cloning and expression of three thaumatin-like protein genes from Polyporus umbellatus. Acta Pharm Sin B 2017; 7:373-380. [PMID: 28540175 PMCID: PMC5430889 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Genes encoding thaumatin-like protein (TLPs) are frequently found in fungal genomes. However, information on TLP genes in Polyporus umbellatus is still limited. In this study, three TLP genes were cloned from P. umbellatus. The full-length coding sequence of PuTLP1, PuTLP2 and PuTLP3 were 768, 759 and 561 bp long, respectively, encoding for 256, 253 and 187 amino acids. Phylogenetic trees showed that P. umbellatus PuTLP1, PuTLP2 and PuTLP3 were clustered with sequences from Gloeophyllum trabeum, Trametes versicolor and Stereum hirsutum, respectively. The expression patterns of the three TLP genes were higher in P. umbellatus with Armillaria mellea infection than in the sclerotia without A. mellea. Furthermore, over-expression of three PuTLPs were carried out in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) strain, and high quality proteins were obtained using Ni-NTA resin that can be used for preparation of specific antibodies. These results suggest that PuTLP1, PuTLP2 and PuTLP3 in P. umbellatus may be involved in the defense response to A. mellea infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Yongmei Xing
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Shunxing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Corresponding authors.
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