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Zhang Z, Jin Y, Zhang W, Chu C, Zhang K, Gao X, Zhou J, Zou L, Tang F, Wang H, Zou Q. Values of 5mC, 5hmC, and TET2 for identifying the presence and progression of breast precancerous lesion. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23162. [PMID: 31867779 PMCID: PMC7246364 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the correlations of 5‐methylcytosine (5mC), 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), and ten‐eleven translocation enzyme 2 (TET2) expressions in lesion tissue with histological classification of breast precancerous lesion. Methods Eighty‐three patients with breast ductal intraepithelial neoplasia (DIN), 20 patients with breast ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion (DCIS‐MI), and 10 patients with invasive breast cancer were included. Histological classification of the DIN patients was classified as DIN1A, DIN1B, DIN1C, DIN2, and DIN3. 5mC, 5hmC, and TET2 expressions in lesion tissues from biopsy were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. Results 5hmC and TET2 were negatively associated with histological classification as validated by both IHC score and IHC semi‐quantification expression grades in total patients (all P < .05); however, no correlation of 5mC with histological classification was found (all P > .05). 5mC (P = .004) was negatively but 5hmC (P < .001) was positively correlated with TET2, while no association of 5mC with 5hmC was discovered in total patients (P = .078). In addition, 5mC was positively associated with ER expression in total patients (P = .040). In subgroups, 5mC was negatively correlated with 5hmC in DIN1C patients (P = .023) and invasive cancer patients (P = .044), and 5mC was negatively associated with TET2 in DIN1B patients (P = .004) as well as DCIS‐MI patients (P = .003). Conclusion 5hmC and TET2 have the potentials to serve as biomarkers that could assist in the identification of presence and progression of breast precancerous lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yiting Jin
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chengyu Chu
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xingyan Gao
- Department of Breast SurgeryHuangpu BranchShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Liping Zou
- Department of PathologyHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Feng Tang
- Department of PathologyHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hongying Wang
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qiang Zou
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Chung CJ, Lee HL, Chang CH, Chang H, Liu CS, Jung WT, Liu HJ, Liou SH, Chung MC, Hsueh YM. Measurement of urinary arsenic profiles and DNA hypomethylation in a case-control study of urothelial carcinoma. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2155-2164. [PMID: 31363818 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02500-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to arsenic may be involved in the disturbance of DNA hypomethylation. The aim of this study is the first to explore the effect of interactions of urinary total arsenic levels, arsenic methylation capacity, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), plasma folate, and global 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-MedC) levels on the risk of urothelial carcinoma (UC). A hospital-based case-control study was constructed. The research involved the histological recruitment and pathological verification of 178 UC patients and 356 age-/sex-matched controls without prior history of cancer. Arsenic species were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-hydride generation and atomic absorption. 5-MedC levels were detected by HPLC and triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS). 8-OHdG was processed by an online solid-phase extraction LC-MS/MS. Plasma folate levels were measured using the chemiluminescent technology. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results indicate that the high levels of total urinary arsenic, inorganic arsenic percentage, and 8-OHdG and the low levels of DMA % and plasma folate were independent factors of UC. In addition, global 5-MedC levels in the first quartile versus fifth quartile significantly increased the twofold OR of UC after potential factors were adjusted (95% CI:1.10-4.03). The interaction of 5-MedC level and high total arsenic level, insufficient arsenic capacity, high 8-OHdG, and low folate levels was insignificant. Results of stepwise logistic regression analysis indicate that high total urinary arsenic levels (Q3 versus Q1), low plasma folate level, and low global 5-MedC (Q4 versus Q5) significantly increased the ORs of UC. The above results suggest that high total arsenic, low plasma folate, and 5-MedC levels affect the ORs of UC independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Jung Chung
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Urology, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Han Chang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Shong Liu
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Ju Liu
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Saou-Hsing Liou
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Chi Chung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Mei Hsueh
- Department of Family Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan. .,Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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Whongsiri P, Pimratana C, Wijitsettakul U, Sanpavat A, Jindatip D, Hoffmann MJ, Goering W, Schulz WA, Boonla C. Oxidative stress and LINE-1 reactivation in bladder cancer are epigenetically linked through active chromatin formation. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 134:419-428. [PMID: 30703483 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and reactivation of long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1) are coincidently observed in bladder cancer (BlCa), but the mechanistic connection between these two oncogenic phenomena is unknown. Previously, we reported increases in oxidative stress and LINE-1 protein (ORF1p) expression in human BlCa tissues. In this study, we measured 5-methylcytosine (5mC), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-oxoguanosine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1), H3K9me3 and HP1α in bladder tissues obtained from BlCa patients. Reactivation of LINE-1 by reactive oxygen species (ROS) through chromatin remodeling was investigated in seven BlCa cell lines. We found that 5mC was decreased, but 8-OHdG, H3K9me3 and HP1α levels were increased in BlCa tissues relative to the adjacent non-cancerous tissues. OGG1, H3K9me3 and HP1α expression in BlCa tissues were positively correlated with 8-OHdG levels. Following H2O2 treatment, LINE-1 transcript expression was increased in VM-CUB-1 and TCCSUP, whereas AluYa5 and AluYb8 transcripts were increased in BFTC905 cells. Basal expression of LINE-1 ORF1p varied among BlCa cell lines from none to very high. H2O2 treatment clearly increased expression of ORF1p in VM-CUB-1, TCCSUP and BFTC905. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that 5'-LINE-1 promoters became further enriched in H3K4me3 and H3K18ac in VM-CUB-1 and BFTC905 cells treated with H2O2. In contrast, 5'-LINE-1 promoters became more enriched in H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 in UM-UC-3 treated with H2O2. In summary, decreased 5mC, but increased 8-OHdG, H3K9me3 and HP1α expression were demonstrated in human BlCa tissues, indicating global DNA hypomethylation, increased oxidative stress and altered histone methylation in BlCa. Chromatin structures were profoundly changed in BlCa cells exposed to ROS, but expression of LINE-1 transcript and protein were at most modestly increased. ROS enhanced expression of full-length LINE-1 elements only in cell lines with pre-existing activation, which was paralleled by increased formation of active chromatin at LINE-1 promoter loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharawalai Whongsiri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chaowat Pimratana
- Division of Urology, Buriram Hospital, Buriram Province 31000, Thailand
| | | | - Anapat Sanpavat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Depicha Jindatip
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Michèle J Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Goering
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Schulz
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Chanchai Boonla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Epiphanio TMF, Fernandes NCCDA, de Oliveira TF, Lopes PA, Réssio RA, Gonçalves S, Scattone NV, Tedardi MV, Kulikowski LD, Damasceno J, Loureiro APDM, Dagli MLZ. Global DNA methylation of peripheral blood leukocytes from dogs bearing multicentric non-Hodgkin lymphomas and healthy dogs: A comparative study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211898. [PMID: 30908498 PMCID: PMC6433272 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are among the most common types of tumors in dogs, and they are currently accepted as comparative models of the disease in humans. Aberrant patterns of DNA methylation seem to play a key role in the development of hematopoietic neoplasms in humans, constitute a special mechanism of transcriptional control, and may be influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Blood leukocyte DNA global methylation has been poorly investigated in dogs. The aim of this study is to examine whether peripheral blood global DNA methylation is associated with canine multicentric lymphomas. Peripheral venous blood samples from ten healthy dogs and nine dogs bearing multicentric lymphomas were collected, and the buffy coat was separated. Global DNA methylation was analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and immunocytochemistry (ICC). In both analyses, leukocytes from dogs with lymphoma presented lower global DNA methylation than in healthy dogs (HPLC: p = 0.027/ 5MeCyt immunoreactivity scores: p = 0.015). Moderate correlation was observed between the results obtained by HPLC and ICC (correlation coefficient = 0.50). For the identification of differently methylated genes between both groups, the Infinium Human Methylation (HM) EPIC BeadChip (850K) was used. Of the 853,307 CpGs investigated in the microarray, there were 34,574 probes hybridized in the canine samples. From this total, significant difference was observed in the methylation level of 8433 regions, and through the homologous and orthologous similarities 525 differently methylated genes were identified between the two groups. This study is pioneer in suggesting that dogs bearing non-Hodgkin lymphoma presented DNA global hypomethylation of circulating leukocytes compared with healthy dogs. Although canine samples were used in an assay developed specifically for human DNA, it was possible to identify differently methylated genes and our results reiterate the importance of the use of peripheral blood leukocytes in cancer research and possible new biomarkers targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tiago Franco de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacoscience, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Priscila Assis Lopes
- Veterinary Laboratory, Veterinary Image Institute, IVI, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Simone Gonçalves
- Veterinary Hemotherapy Center, Hemovet, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Náyra Villar Scattone
- Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Oncology, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcello Vannucci Tedardi
- Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Oncology, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jullian Damasceno
- Cytogenomic Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Melo Loureiro
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli
- Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Oncology, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Casadevall D, Kilian AY, Bellmunt J. The prognostic role of epigenetic dysregulation in bladder cancer: A systematic review. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 61:82-93. [PMID: 29121502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite adequate treatment and follow-up, around one fifth of patients with localized bladder cancer will present with disease progression. Adequate prognostic biomarkers are lacking to define patients who are at risk. Mutations in chromatin remodeling genes are more frequently found in bladder cancer than in any other solid tumor. However, the prognostic relevance of epigenetic dysregulation has not been established and may offer an opportunity for biomarker discovery. METHODS Looking for prognostic epigenetic factors, we performed a comprehensive PubMed search using keywords such as "bladder cancer", "chromatin remodeling", "gene methylation" and "epigenetics". We only included studies reporting on the association of epigenetic markers with prognostic outcomes such as recurrence, progression or survival. RESULTS Of 1113 results, 87 studies met the inclusion criteria, which represented a total of 85 epigenetic markers with potential prognostic relevance. No prospective studies were identified. Seventy-three percent (64/87) of the studies involved mixed cohorts of muscle invasive and non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Promoter methylation of genes with putative prognostic value affected cellular processes such as cell cycle, apoptosis, cell-adhesion or migration, as well as critical pathways such as MAP-kinase or Wnt. Alteration of chromatin regulatory elements suggest a prognostic relevance alterations leading to a predominantly silenced chromatin state. CONCLUSIONS The prognostic impact of epigenetic alterations in bladder cancer is still unclear. Prospective evaluation of methylation marks and chromatin remodeling gene alterations using consistent methods and criteria is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Casadevall
- Cancer Research Program, PSMAR-IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Joaquim Bellmunt
- Cancer Research Program, PSMAR-IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, DANA 1230, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Chung CJ, Chang CH, Liou SH, Liu CS, Liu HJ, Hsu LC, Chen JS, Lee HL. Relationships among DNA hypomethylation, Cd, and Pb exposure and risk of cigarette smoking-related urothelial carcinoma. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 316:107-113. [PMID: 28025111 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking and environmental exposure to heavy metals are important global health issues, especially for urothelial carcinoma (UC). However, the effects of cadmium and lead exposure, as well as the levels of DNA hypomethylation, on UC risk are limited. We evaluated the possible exposure sources of Cd and Pb and the relationship among DNA hypomethylation, urinary Cd and Pb levels, and UC risk. We recruited 209 patients with UC and 417 control patients for a hospital-based case-control study between June 2011 and August 2014. We collected environmental exposure-related information with questionnaires. Blood and urine samples were analyzed to measure the Cd and Pb exposure and 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine levels as a proxy for DNA methylation. Multivariate logistic regression and 95% confidence intervals were applied to estimate the risk for UC. Study participants with high Cd and Pb exposure in blood or urine had significantly increased risk of UC, especially among the smokers. After adjusting for age and gender, the possible connections of individual cumulative cigarette smoking or herb medicine exposure with the increased levels of Cd and Pb were observed in the controls. Participants with 8.66%-12.39% of DNA hypomethylation had significantly increased risk of UC compared with those with ≥12.39% of DNA hypomethylation. Environmental factors including cigarette smoking and herb medicine may contribute to the internal dose of heavy metals levels. Repeat measurements of heavy metals with different study design, detailed dietary information, and types of herb medicine should be recommended for exploring UC carcinogenesis in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Jung Chung
- Department of Health Risk Management, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Urology, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Saou-Hsing Liou
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Shong Liu
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Ju Liu
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Hsu
- Department of Health Risk Management, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Sheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Tsai KW, Li GC, Chen CH, Yeh MH, Huang JS, Tseng HH, Fu TY, Liou HH, Pan HW, Huang SF, Chen CC, Chang HY, Ger LP, Chang HT. Reduction of global 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is a poor prognostic factor in breast cancer patients, especially for an ER/PR-negative subtype. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 153:219-34. [PMID: 26253945 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3525-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation at the 5 position of cytosine (5 mC) is an epigenetic hallmark in cancer. The 5 mC can be converted to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5 hmC) through a ten-eleven-translocation (TET). We investigated the impact of 5 mC, 5 hmC, TET1, and TET2 on tumorigenesis and prognosis of breast cancer. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the levels of 5 mC, 5 hmC, TET1, and TET2 in the corresponding tumor adjacent normal (n = 309), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS, n = 120), and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC, n = 309) tissues for 309 breast ductal carcinoma patients. 5 mC, 5 hmC, TET1-n, and TET2-n were significantly decreased during DCIS and IDC progression. In IDC, the decrease of 5 hmC was correlated with the cytoplasmic mislocalization of TET1 (p < 0.001) as well as poor disease-specific survival (DSS) (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] 1.95, p = 0.003) and disease-free survival (DFS) (AHR 1.91, p = 0.006). The combined decrease of 5 mC and 5 hmC was correlated with worse DSS (AHR 2.19, p = 0.008) and DFS (AHR 1.99, p = 0.036). Stratification analysis revealed that the low level of 5 mC was associated with poor DSS (AHR 1.89, p = 0.044) and DFS (AHR 2.02, p = 0.035) for the ER/PR-positive subtype. Conversely, the low level of 5 hmC was associated with worse DSS (AHR 2.77, p = 0.002) and DFS (AHR 2.69, p = 0.006) for the ER/PR-negative subtype. The decreases of 5 mC, 5 hmC, TET1-n, and TET2-n were biomarkers of tumor development. The global reduction of 5 hmC was a poor prognostic factor for IDC, especially for ER/PR-negative subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Road, 81362, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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