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Wong NACS, Garcia-Petit C, Dangoor A, Andrew N. A literature review and database of how the primary KIT/PDGFRA variant of a gastrointestinal stromal tumour predicts for sensitivity to imatinib. Cancer Genet 2022; 268-269:46-54. [PMID: 36155382 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
It is well recognized that the primary KIT or PDGFRA variant of a gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) can predict sensitivity to imatinib. However, these data are currently spread across a wide range of publications and have not been collated as one reference. A broad-ranging literature search was therefore performed to assemble such a database which should help optimize imatinib-based management of GIST patients henceforth. Having excluded wild type GISTs and results for imatinib used as adjuvant therapy, 79 publications (dated August 2001 to March 2022) underwent data extraction. These data on imatinib sensitivity were either derived from in vitro studies, predicted by in silico analysis or based on in vivo clinical patient response. Data interpretation carried some caveats: there was a potential for replication of patient-derived data between older and new publications; only predicted protein sequences were presented; the criteria used to record clinical response were not uniform across all publications; and imatinib dosage could vary between different clinical publications. However, these data showed broad agreement of imatinib sensitivity amongst similar subtypes of KIT or PDGFRA variant. There was also agreement between in vivo versus in vitro/in silico derived sensitivity data for most variants when both data types were available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Newton A C S Wong
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom, BS10 5NB.
| | - Christel Garcia-Petit
- East of Scotland Regional Genetic Service, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom, DD1 9SY
| | - Adam Dangoor
- Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, University Hospitals Bristol & Weston NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom, BS2 8ED
| | - Nicola Andrew
- East of Scotland Regional Genetic Service, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom, DD1 9SY
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2
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Alese OB, Cook N, Ortega-Franco A, Ulanja MB, Tan L, Tie J. Circulating Tumor DNA: An Emerging Tool in Gastrointestinal Cancers. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2022; 42:1-20. [PMID: 35471832 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_349143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is tumor-derived fragmented DNA in the bloodstream that has come from primary or metastatic cancer sites. Neoplasm-specific genetic and epigenetic abnormalities are increasingly being identified through liquid biopsy: a novel, minimally invasive technique used to isolate and analyze ctDNA in the peripheral circulation. Liquid biopsy and other emerging ctDNA technologies represent a paradigm shift in cancer diagnostics because they allow for the detection of minimal residual disease in patients with early-stage disease, improve risk stratification, capture tumor heterogeneity and genomic evolution, and enhance ctDNA-guided adjuvant and palliative cancer therapy. Moreover, ctDNA can be used to monitor the tumor response to neoadjuvant and postoperative therapy in patients with metastatic disease. Using clearance of ctDNA as an endpoint for escalation/de-escalation of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients considered to have high-risk disease has become an important area of research. The possibility of using ctDNA as a surrogate for treatment response-including for overall survival, progression-free survival, and disease-free survival-is an attractive concept; this surrogate will arguably reduce study duration and expedite the development of new therapies. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the applications of ctDNA for the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal tumors. Gastrointestinal cancers-including tumors of the esophagus, stomach, colon, liver, and pancreas-account for one-quarter of global cancer diagnoses and contribute to more than one-third of cancer-related deaths. Given the prevalence of gastrointestinal malignancies, ctDNA technology represents a powerful tool to reduce the global burden of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatunji B Alese
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Natalie Cook
- Experimental Cancer Medicine Team, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Ortega-Franco
- Experimental Cancer Medicine Team, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mark B Ulanja
- Christus Ochsner St. Patrick Hospital, Lake Charles, LA
| | - Lavinia Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jeanne Tie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Division of Personalized Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
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3
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Moati E, Taly V, Garinet S, Didelot A, Taieb J, Laurent-Puig P, Zaanan A. Role of Circulating Tumor DNA in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Current Knowledge and Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4743. [PMID: 34638228 PMCID: PMC8507552 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are major health burdens worldwide and biomarkers are needed to improve the management of these diseases along their evolution. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a promising non-invasive blood and other bodily-fluid-based biomarker in cancer management that can help clinicians in various cases for the detection, diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring and personalization of treatment in digestive oncology. In addition to the well-studied prognostic role of ctDNA, the main real-world applications appear to be the assessment of minimal residual disease to further guide adjuvant therapy and predict relapse, but also the monitoring of clonal evolution to tailor treatments in metastatic setting. Other challenges such as predicting response to treatment including immune checkpoint inhibitors could also be among the potential applications of ctDNA. Although the level of advancement of ctDNA development in the different tumor localizations is still inhomogeneous, it might be now reliable enough to be soon used in clinical routine for colorectal cancers and shows promising results in other GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Moati
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Institut du Cancer Paris Carpem, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, 75015 Paris, France; (E.M.); (J.T.)
| | - Valerie Taly
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS1138, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université de Paris, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, CNRS SNC 5096, 75006 Paris, France; (V.T.); (S.G.); (A.D.); (P.L.-P.)
| | - Simon Garinet
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS1138, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université de Paris, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, CNRS SNC 5096, 75006 Paris, France; (V.T.); (S.G.); (A.D.); (P.L.-P.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Institut du Cancer Paris Carpem, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Audrey Didelot
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS1138, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université de Paris, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, CNRS SNC 5096, 75006 Paris, France; (V.T.); (S.G.); (A.D.); (P.L.-P.)
| | - Julien Taieb
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Institut du Cancer Paris Carpem, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, 75015 Paris, France; (E.M.); (J.T.)
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS1138, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université de Paris, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, CNRS SNC 5096, 75006 Paris, France; (V.T.); (S.G.); (A.D.); (P.L.-P.)
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS1138, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université de Paris, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, CNRS SNC 5096, 75006 Paris, France; (V.T.); (S.G.); (A.D.); (P.L.-P.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Institut du Cancer Paris Carpem, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Aziz Zaanan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Institut du Cancer Paris Carpem, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, 75015 Paris, France; (E.M.); (J.T.)
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS1138, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université de Paris, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, CNRS SNC 5096, 75006 Paris, France; (V.T.); (S.G.); (A.D.); (P.L.-P.)
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4
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Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type E (PTPRE) regulates the activation of wild-type KIT and KIT mutants differently. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:100974. [PMID: 33732906 PMCID: PMC7937656 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.100974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of receptor tyrosine kinases needs tight control by tyrosine phosphatases to keep their normal function. In this study, we investigated the regulation of activation of the type III receptor tyrosine kinase KIT by protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type E (PTPRE). We found that PTPRE can associate with wild-type KIT and inhibit KIT activation in a dose-dependent manner, although the activation of wild-type KIT is dramatically inhibited even when PTPRE is expressed at low level. The D816V mutation of KIT is the most frequently found oncogenic mutation in mastocytosis, and we found that PTPRE can associate and inhibit the activation of KIT/D816V in a dose dependent manner, but the inhibition is much weaker compared with wild-type KIT. Similar to mastocytosis, KIT mutations are the main oncogenic mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) although GISTs carry different types of KIT mutations. We further studied the regulation of the activation of GISTs-type KIT mutants and other mastocytosis-type KIT mutants by PTPRE. Indeed, PTPRE can almost block the activation of GISTs-type KIT mutants, while the activation of mastocytosis-type KIT mutants is more resistant to the inhibition of PTPRE. Taken together, our results suggest that PTPRE can associate with KIT, and inhibit the activation of both wild-type KIT and GISTs-type KIT mutants, while the activation of mastocytosis-type KIT mutants is more resistant to PTPRE. PTPRE associates with wild-type KIT and KIT mutants. PTPRE inhibits the activation of both wild-type KIT and GISTs-type KIT mutants dramatically. The activation of mastocytosis-type KIT mutants are more resistant to the inhibition of PTPRE.
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5
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Ravegnini G, Serrano C, Ricci R, Zhang Q, Terrenato I, Graziosi A, Valori G, Landolfi S, Hrelia P, Angelini S. miRNA landscape in primary tumors and matched metastases in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Epigenomics 2021; 13:369-377. [PMID: 33432846 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor management is extremely challenging, particularly the metastatic disease. The underlying mechanism in metastasis spread remains largely unknown. We aimed to characterize miRNAs involved in the metastatic process in gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Material & methods: Eight primary tumors and 18 synchronous metastases were analyzed through miRNA Taqman arrays or assays. Results: miRNAs profiles revealed similar expression in primary site and metastases. Pair-wise correlation coefficient between primary tumor and metastases was significant for each patient (p < 0.0001 for all profiled patients). Conclusion: Our study, the largest including primary tumors and metastases so far performed, highlighted perpetuation of miRNAs features in metastatic lesions and that the primary origin appears to be the main determinant of the metastases miRNA profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Ravegnini
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cèsar Serrano
- Sarcoma Translational Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Riccardo Ricci
- UOC di Anatomia Patologica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- UOC di Anatomia Patologica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Terrenato
- Biostatistics-Scientific Direction, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Graziosi
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Valori
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Landolfi
- Department of Pathology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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6
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Keretsu S, Ghosh S, Cho SJ. Molecular Modeling Study of c-KIT/PDGFRα Dual Inhibitors for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218232. [PMID: 33153146 PMCID: PMC7662224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common Mesenchymal Neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract. The tumorigenesis of GISTs has been associated with the gain-of-function mutation and abnormal activation of the stem cell factor receptor (c-KIT) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) kinases. Hence, inhibitors that target c-KIT and PDGFRα could be a therapeutic option for the treatment of GISTs. The available approved c-KIT/PDGFRα inhibitors possessed low efficacy with off-target effects, which necessitated the development of potent inhibitors. We performed computational studies of 48 pyrazolopyridine derivatives that showed inhibitory activity against c-KIT and PDGFRα to study the structural properties important for inhibition of both the kinases. The derivative of phenylurea, which has high activities for both c-KIT (pIC50 = 8.6) and PDGFRα (pIC50 = 8.1), was used as the representative compound for the dataset. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation (100 ns) of compound 14 was performed. Compound 14 showed the formation of hydrogen bonding with Cys673, Glu640, and Asp810 in c-KIT, and Cys677, Glu644, and Asp836 in PDGFRα. The results also suggested that Thr670/T674 substitution in c-KIT/PDGFRα induced conformational changes at the binding site of the receptors. Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) models were developed based on the inhibitors. Contour map analysis showed that electropositive and bulky substituents at the para-position and the meta-position of the benzyl ring of compound 14 was favorable and may increase the inhibitory activity against both c-KIT and PDGFRα. Analysis of the results suggested that having bulky and hydrophobic substituents that extend into the hydrophobic pocket of the binding site increases the activity for both c-KIT and PDGFRα. Based on the contour map analysis, 50 compounds were designed, and the activities were predicted. An evaluation of binding free energy showed that eight of the designed compounds have potential binding affinity with c-KIT/PDGFRα. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) and synthetic feasibility tests showed that the designed compounds have reasonable pharmaceutical properties and synthetic feasibility. Further experimental study of the designed compounds is recommended. The structural information from this study could provide useful insight into the future development of c-KIT and PDGFRα inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seketoulie Keretsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea; (S.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Suparna Ghosh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea; (S.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Seung Joo Cho
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea; (S.K.); (S.G.)
- Department of Cellular Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-230-7482 or +82-11-479-1010
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7
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Ravegnini G, Valori G, Zhang Q, Ricci R, Hrelia P, Angelini S. Pharmacogenetics in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors - an updated review. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:797-808. [PMID: 32597248 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1789589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the best example of a targeted therapy in solid tumors. The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) deeply improved the prognosis of this tumor. However, a degree of inter-patient variability is still reported in response rates and pharmacogenetics may play an important role in the final clinical outcome. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors provide an updated overview of the pharmacogenetic literature analyzing the role of polymorphisms in both GIST treatment efficacy and toxicity. EXPERT OPINION Besides the primary role of somatic DNA in dictating the clinical response to TKIs, several polymorphisms influencing their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics have been identified as being potentially involved. In the last 10 years, many potential biomarkers have been proposed to predict clinical response and toxicity after TKI administration. However, the evidence is still too limited to promote a clinical translation. To date, the somatic mutational status represents the main player in clinical response to TKIs in GIST treatment; however, pharmacogenetics could still explain the degree of inter-patient variability observed in GIST patients. A combination of different theoretical approaches, experimental model systems, and statistical methods is clearly needed, in order to translate pharmacogenetics to clinical practice in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Ravegnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Valori
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- UOC di Anatomia Patologica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS , Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ricci
- UOC di Anatomia Patologica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS , Rome, Italy.,Department of Pathology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
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Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT The treatment of advanced GIST is rapidly evolving with the development of novel molecular compounds such as avapritinib and ripretinib, but also promising results have been achieved with cabozantinib in a phase II trial. The availability of over five lines of treatment for patients with advanced GIST is likely to completely shift the current second-line and third-line treatment options, and will also potentially enable a personalised approach to treatment. Imatinib will most likely remain as the first-line treatment of choice for the vast majority of GIST patients. However, for GIST patients with tumours harbouring a D842V mutation in PDGFRA exon 18, avapritinib has shown efficacy and will become first-line therapy for this molecular subgroup. For second- and third-line treatment, results are awaited of a number of clinical trials. However, second-line and further treatment could potentially be tailored depending on secondary mutations found in imatinib-resistant GISTs. As secondary resistance to TKIs remains the biggest challenge in the treatment of GIST and despite negative results with alternating regimens in phase II, combination treatments should be further evaluated to tackle this issue. Moreover, the favourable safety profiles observed with avapritinib and ripretinib suggest that combination treatments are feasible, for instance, combining two TKIs or a TKI with drugs targeting downstream signalling pathways, such as PI3K inhibitors or MEK inhibitors. Finally, in line with further personalisation of treatment in GIST, a multidisciplinary approach is essential, and local treatment options, such as RFA, resection in case of unifocal progression, and radiotherapy, should be considered.
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Shi L, Chen H, Qin YY, Gan TQ, Wei KL. Clinical and biologic roles of PDGFRA in papillary thyroid cancer: a study based on immunohistochemical and in vitro analyses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2020; 13:1094-1107. [PMID: 32509085 PMCID: PMC7270701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) plays essential roles in several malignant tumors. Nevertheless, its clinical function in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is still unclear. This study aimed to examine the clinicopathologic implication and potential molecular underpinning of PDGFRA in PTC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Relative PDGFRA expression levels in eight cases of normal thyroid tissue, 15 cases of benign thyroid disease, and 90 cases of PTC were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The prognostic value of PDGFRA was assessed by data mining of The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. LV-PDGFRA overexpression and negative control CON220 lentivirus vectors were constructed and transfected into a PTC cell line. The capacity for cell proliferation, status of the cell cycle, efficiency of colony-forming, and migration ability of the PTC cells after PDGFRA were detected by multiple assays including methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium, flow cytometry, colony formation, transwell assay, and wound healing. Furthermore, bioinformatics analyses were conducted to determine the potential biologic mechanisms of PDGFRA. RESULTS Results of IHC showed that PDGFRA expression was significantly upregulated in PTC samples and was associated with an advanced pathologic stage. Furthermore, patients with PDGFRA overexpression showed poor survival. Ectopically overexpressed PDGFRA accelerated the migration and invasion of PTC cells. Results of the bioinformatics analyses suggested that PDGFRA was involved in several cell proliferation-related pathways. CONCLUSION Collectively, our results indicate that PDGFRA overexpression is associated with the poor survival of patients with PTC and that PDGFRA is a potent oncogene in PTC because it significantly increases PTC cell migration and invasion. Thus, PDGFRA may be a promising novel biomarker and therapeutic target for treating PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shi
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ying Qin
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting-Qing Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kang-Lai Wei
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Caruso C, Garofalo C. Pharmacogenomics Biomarkers of Soft Tissue Sarcoma Therapies. Front Oncol 2020; 10:509. [PMID: 32351891 PMCID: PMC7174622 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are heterogeneous rare malignancies comprising ~1% of all solid cancers in adults and including more than 70 histological and molecular subtypes with different pathological and clinical development characteristics. Over the last two decades, the increased knowledge of the new molecular and genomic mechanisms of different STS histotypes allowed for a reclassification of these tumors and consequently to the development of novel chemotherapeutic agents. Generally, surgery, in combination with radiotherapy only in selected cases of localized disease, represents the most common treatment of primary STS, whereas the principal treatment modality for locally advanced or metastatic disease is first-line chemotherapy. The principal treatment for the preponderance of STS patients is usually an anthracycline (epirubicin and doxorubicin) in monotherapy or in combination with other drug novel chemotherapeutic agents. However, survival for treated patients with metastatic disease is poor, and a 2-years survival rate is about 30%. In this scenario, Pharmacogenomics (PGx) biomarkers that can predict drug response play an important role in the improvement of molecular diagnostics in clinical routines and contribute to elucidating the genetic basis for the differences in treatment efficacy and toxicity among STS patients. This review focuses on recent insight in the PGx biomarkers that have been described to modulate responsiveness and toxicity parameters of conventional and new chemotherapeutics drugs in several STS histotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Caruso
- Advanced Translational Research Laboratory, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garofalo
- Advanced Translational Research Laboratory, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
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11
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Ravegnini G, Serrano C, Simeon V, Sammarini G, Nannini M, Roversi E, Urbini M, Ferrè F, Ricci R, Tarantino G, Pantaleo MA, Hrelia P, Angelini S. The rs17084733 variant in the KIT 3' UTR disrupts a miR-221/222 binding site in gastrointestinal stromal tumour: a sponge-like mechanism conferring disease susceptibility. Epigenetics 2019; 14:545-557. [PMID: 30983504 PMCID: PMC6557610 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1595997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Several miRNAs are dysregulated in gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST), and miR-221/222 appear to have a prominent role in GIST biology. Therefore, we investigated the role of DNA variants located in miR-221/222 precursor sequences and their target KIT 3'UTR. Ninety-five polymorphisms were analysed in 115 GIST cases and 88 healthy controls. KIT 3'UTR rs17084733 and pri-miR-222 rs75246947 were found significantly associated with GIST susceptibility. Specifically, KIT rs17084733 A allele was more common in GIST, particularly in KIT wild-type (WT) patients (Padj = 0.017). rs17084733 variant is located within one of the three miR-221/222 binding sites in the KIT 3'UTR, resulting in a mismatch in this seed region. Conversely, KIT mRNA levels were lower in patients carrying the variant allele, except for KIT mutant GIST. Luciferase assay data in GIST cells, generated using a construct containing all the three miR-221/222 binding sites, are consistent with KIT mRNA levels in GIST patients. Reporter assay data, generated using a construct containing only the site encompassing rs17084733, confirmed that this is a functional variant disrupting the miR-221/222 binding site. In conclusion, this is the first study investigating the role of SNPs on miR-221/222 precursor sequences and their binding region on KIT 3'UTR in GIST. We identified the KIT variant rs17084733 as a possible novel genetic biomarker for risk of developing KIT-WT GIST. Moreover, our findings suggest the role of one of the three miR-221/222 binding sites on KIT 3'UTR as endogenous sponge, soaking up and subtracting miR-221/222 to the other two sites characterized by a higher affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Ravegnini
- a Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - César Serrano
- b Medical Oncology Department , Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Vittorio Simeon
- c Medical Statistics Unit , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Naples , Italy
| | - Giulia Sammarini
- a Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Margherita Nannini
- d Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Erica Roversi
- a Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Milena Urbini
- e "Giorgio Prodi" Cancer Research Center , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ferrè
- a Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Riccardo Ricci
- f UOC di Anatomia Patologica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,g Department of Pathology , Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tarantino
- e "Giorgio Prodi" Cancer Research Center , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Maria A Pantaleo
- d Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,e "Giorgio Prodi" Cancer Research Center , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- a Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- a Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
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12
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Ravegnini G, Sammarini G, Serrano C, Nannini M, Pantaleo MA, Hrelia P, Angelini S. Clinical relevance of circulating molecules in cancer: focus on gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919831902. [PMID: 30854029 PMCID: PMC6399766 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919831902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, growing research interest has focused on the so-called liquid biopsy. A simple blood test offers access to a plethora of information, which might be extremely helpful in understanding or characterizing specific diseases. Blood contains different molecules, of which circulating free DNA (cfDNA), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are the most relevant. Conceivably, these molecules have the potential for tumor diagnosis, monitoring tumor evolution, and evaluating treatment response and pharmacological resistance. This review aims to present a state-of-the-art of recent advances in circulating DNA and circulating RNA in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). To date, progress in liquid biopsy has been scarce in GISTs due to several issues correlated with the nature of the pathology. Namely, heterogeneity in primary and secondary mutations in key driver genes has greatly slowed the development and application in GISTs, unlike in other tumor types in which liquid biopsy has already been translated into clinical practice. However, meaningful novel data have shown in recent years a significant clinical potential of ctDNA, CTCs, EVs and circulating RNA in GISTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Ravegnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Sammarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - César Serrano
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margherita Nannini
- Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria A Pantaleo
- Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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13
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Zhang Q, Xu J, Qian Y, Chen L, Li Q, Xu K, Chen M, Sun L, He Z, Yang L, Zhang D, Wang L, Sun X, Wang Y, Xu H, Xu Z. Association of Imatinib Plasma Concentration and Single-nucleotide Polymorphisms with Adverse Drug Reactions in Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:2780-2787. [PMID: 30282814 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most prevalent mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract. To investigate the association of imatinib mesylate plasma concentration with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and influences of genetic polymorphisms on ADRs in GIST patients taking imatinib, a cohort of GIST patients consecutively treated with imatinib were included in the observational study. Clinical, pathologic and genotype information was recorded at enrollment and blood samples were collected at time as design. The plasma concentration of the imatinib was detected by LC-MS/MS. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the ADRs at each visit. SNPs in 13 genes were analyzed for a possible association with ADRs. The mean plasma trough concentration of 129 patients taking imatinib was 1.45 ± 0.79 μg/ml, average peak concentration was 2.63 ± 1.07 μg/ml. The imatinib concentration in patients treated with 600 mg/day was significantly higher than other dosage groups (P < 0.05). The ADRs were mostly mild. Edema, vomiting, and fatigue were significantly correlated with imatinib concentration (P < 0.05). Mutations of IL13 rs1800925 and CXCL14 rs7716492 were related with the incidence of leukopenia and rash in our research, separately (P < 0.05). We confirmed that with the increase of imatinib concentration, the incidence of edema, vomiting, and fatigue rises as well. Mutations of IL13 rs1800925 and CXCL14 rs7716492 may be the promising biomarkers to predict the ADRs of imatinib. The results of the study are of guiding significance for the use of imatinib in patients with GIST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianghao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Qian
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingya Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kangjing Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luning Sun
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongyuan He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Diancai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongqing Wang
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zekuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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14
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Ravegnini G, Urbini M, Simeon V, Genovese C, Astolfi A, Nannini M, Gatto L, Saponara M, Ianni M, Indio V, Brandi G, Trino S, Hrelia P, Biasco G, Angelini S, Pantaleo MA. An exploratory study by DMET array identifies a germline signature associated with imatinib response in gastrointestinal stromal tumor. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2018; 19:390-400. [DOI: 10.1038/s41397-018-0050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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15
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Kupcinskas J. Small Molecules in Rare Tumors: Emerging Role of MicroRNAs in GIST. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E397. [PMID: 29385688 PMCID: PMC5855619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of gastrointestinal tract. GISTs have very different clinical phenotypes and underlying molecular characteristics that are not yet completely understood. microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to participate in carcinogenesis pathways through post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in different tumors. Over the last years emerging evidence has highlighted the role of miRNAs in GISTs. This review provides an overview of original research papers that analyze miRNA deregulation patterns, functional role, diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic implications in GIST as well as provides directions for further research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juozas Kupcinskas
- Institute for Digestive Research, Academy of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 2, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Academy of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 2, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania.
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16
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Florou V, Wilky BA, Trent JC. Latest advances in adult gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Future Oncol 2017; 13:2183-2193. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common GI tract mesenchymal tumors. GIST patients are optimally managed by a precision medicine approach. Herein, we discuss the latest advances in precision medicine and ongoing clinical trials relevant to GIST. Circulating tumor DNA for detection of mutational changes could replace tissue biopsies and radiographic imaging once validated. Most GISTs are KIT/PDGFRα mutated, and despite the good clinical response to imatinib, treatment is generally not curative, more often due to secondary mutations. New mechanisms to bypass this resistance by inhibiting KIT downstream pathways and by targeting multiple KIT or PDGFRα mutations are being investigated. Immunotherapy for GIST patients is in its infancy. These approaches may lead to more effective, less toxic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaia Florou
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Breelyn A Wilky
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Jonathan C Trent
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
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17
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Erin R, Şahinler A, Baki Erin K, Güven S, Aran T, Burkankulu Ağirbaş D, Kemal Okatan B, Öte EO. Retroperitoneal extragastrointestinal giant stromal tumour: A case report. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2017; 37:955-957. [PMID: 28578618 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2017.1312305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Recep Erin
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Trabzon Research hospital , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Ayhan Şahinler
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Trabzon Research hospital , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Kübra Baki Erin
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Trabzon Research hospital , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Süleyman Güven
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Turhan Aran
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey
| | | | - Burcu Kemal Okatan
- c Department of Pathology , Trabzon Research hospital , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Enver Okan Öte
- d Department of Medical Genetics , Ankara Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Maternity and Woman's Health Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
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18
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Ravegnini G, Sammarini G, Nannini M, Pantaleo MA, Biasco G, Hrelia P, Angelini S. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST): Facing cell death between autophagy and apoptosis. Autophagy 2017; 13:452-463. [PMID: 28055310 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1256522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis are 2 fundamental biological mechanisms that may cooperate or be antagonistic, although both are involved in deciding the fate of cells in physiological or pathological conditions. These 2 mechanisms coexist simultaneously in cells and share common upstream signals and stimuli. Autophagy and apoptosis play pivotal roles in cancer development. Autophagy plays a key function in maintaining tumor cell survival by providing energy during unfavorable metabolic conditions through its recycling mechanism, and supporting the high energy requirement for metabolism and growth. This review focuses on gastrointestinal stromal tumors and cell death through autophagy and apoptosis, taking into account the involvement of both of these processes in tumor development and growth and as mechanisms of drug resistance. We also focus on the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis as an emerging field with major implications for the development of novel therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Ravegnini
- a Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , University of Bologna , Bologna Italy
| | - Giulia Sammarini
- a Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , University of Bologna , Bologna Italy
| | - Margherita Nannini
- b Department of Specialized , Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Maria A Pantaleo
- b Department of Specialized , Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,c "Giorgio Prodi" Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Guido Biasco
- b Department of Specialized , Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,c "Giorgio Prodi" Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- a Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , University of Bologna , Bologna Italy
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- a Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , University of Bologna , Bologna Italy
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19
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An exploratory association of polymorphisms in angiogenesis-related genes with susceptibility, clinical response and toxicity in gastrointestinal stromal tumors receiving sunitinib after imatinib failure. Angiogenesis 2016; 20:139-148. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-016-9534-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Pantaleo MA, Ravegnini G, Astolfi A, Simeon V, Nannini M, Saponara M, Urbini M, Gatto L, Indio V, Sammarini G, Santini D, Ferracin M, Negrini M, Hrelia P, Biasco G, Angelini S. Integrating miRNA and gene expression profiling analysis revealed regulatory networks in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Epigenomics 2016; 8:1347-1366. [PMID: 27625077 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Currently, little is known about differences in miRNA expression between KIT/PDGFRA mutant and KIT/PDGFRA wild-type (WT)-SDH deficient gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). This prompted us to perform an integrated multiple expression profile of miRNA and mRNA, constructing an original miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in KIT/PDGFRA WT-SDH deficient GIST patients. PATIENTS & METHODS Analyses were carried out on KIT/PDGFRA mutant versus KIT/PDGFRA WT-SDH deficient GIST. Genome-wide miRNA and gene-expression analysis were performed using Agilent Human miRNA microarray and Affimetrix array, respectively. RESULTS Three potential regulatory networks (IGF1R → miR-139-5p/miR-455/let-7b, cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) → miR-139-5p/let-7b and CD44 → miR-330-3p) were identified. CONCLUSION The miR-139-5p, 455-5p and let-7b signature, in particular, may represent an important therapeutic target in KIT/PDGFRA WT-SDH deficient GIST, usually characterized by IGF1R overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Abbondanza Pantaleo
- 'Giorgio Prodi' Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Specialized, Experimental & Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gloria Ravegnini
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Astolfi
- 'Giorgio Prodi' Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vittorio Simeon
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical & Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture (PZ), Italy
| | - Margherita Nannini
- Department of Specialized, Experimental & Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maristella Saponara
- Department of Specialized, Experimental & Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Urbini
- Department of Specialized, Experimental & Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lidia Gatto
- Department of Specialized, Experimental & Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Indio
- Department of Specialized, Experimental & Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Sammarini
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Donatella Santini
- Pathology Unit, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Specialized, Experimental & Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Negrini
- Department of Morphology, Surgery & Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Guido Biasco
- 'Giorgio Prodi' Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Specialized, Experimental & Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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21
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Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes in gastrointestinal stromal tumours: susceptibility and correlation with tumour characteristics and clinical outcome. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:13413-13423. [PMID: 27460091 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repair pathways play an essential role in cancer susceptibility by maintaining genomic integrity. This led us to investigate the influence of polymorphisms in the genes coding repair pathway enzymes on gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) susceptibility, tumour characteristics and clinical outcome. We investigated a panel of 20 polymorphisms in 11 genes in 81 cases and 147 controls. The XPD rs13181 wild-type allele and hOGG1 rs1052133 and XPF rs1800067 minor alleles were significantly associated with disease susceptibility. XPA rs1800975 and rs2808668 were associated with tumour size (P = 0.018), metastatic status at onset (P = 0.035) and mitotic index (P = 0.002). With regards to outcome treatment, the XPD rs50872 minor allele had a significant favourable impact on time to progression (TTP). Similarly, the XPC rs2228000 minor allele was correlated with a longer TTP (P = 0.03). On the contrary, the XPC rs2228001 and hOGG1 rs1052133 minor alleles were associated with a diminished TTP (P = 0.005 and P = 0.01, respectively). Regarding OS, we found the presence of at least one hOGG1 (rs1052133) minor allele that had a 60 % lower risk to die compared to the wild-type carriers (P = 0.04). Furthermore, the XRCC3 rs861539 variant allele is associated with a hazard of early death compared with the wild-type genotype (P = 0.04). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on polymorphisms in DNA repair genes, belonging to the different pathways, extensively evaluated in GIST patients. Through this multiple candidate gene approach, we report for the first time the significant associations between polymorphisms in DNA repair genes, susceptibility, clinical pathological features and clinical outcome in GIST.
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22
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Ravegnini G, Sammarini G, Angelini S, Hrelia P. Pharmacogenetics of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in gastrointestinal stromal tumor and chronic myeloid leukemia. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:733-42. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2016.1184649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Ravegnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Sammarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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23
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Toward Precision Medicine: How Far Is the Goal? Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:245. [PMID: 27072416 PMCID: PMC4783976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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24
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Bold G, Schnell C, Furet P, McSheehy P, Brüggen J, Mestan J, Manley PW, Drückes P, Burglin M, Dürler U, Loretan J, Reuter R, Wartmann M, Theuer A, Bauer-Probst B, Martiny-Baron G, Allegrini P, Goepfert A, Wood J, Littlewood-Evans A. A Novel Potent Oral Series of VEGFR2 Inhibitors Abrogate Tumor Growth by Inhibiting Angiogenesis. J Med Chem 2015; 59:132-46. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Bold
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schnell
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Furet
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul McSheehy
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Josef Brüggen
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Mestan
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul W. Manley
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Drückes
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marion Burglin
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Dürler
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Loretan
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Reuter
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Wartmann
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Theuer
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Bauer-Probst
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Georg Martiny-Baron
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Allegrini
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Goepfert
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jeanette Wood
- Oncology Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
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Brahmi M, Alberti L, Dufresne A, Ray-Coquard I, Cassier P, Meeus P, Decouvelaere AV, Ranchère-Vince D, Blay JY. KIT exon 10 variant (c.1621 A > C) single nucleotide polymorphism as predictor of GIST patient outcome. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:780. [PMID: 26498480 PMCID: PMC4619434 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor genotype plays a crucial role in clinical management of GIST. Whether genetic polymorphism of KIT may influence GIST patient outcome is unclear. Methods We investigated the biological and clinical significance of the presence of KIT exon 10 variant (c.1621 A > C), KITL541, in a transfected cell line (3 T3 L541) and in two retrospectively collected series of 109 GIST patients in total. The control group consisted of 60 healthy donors collected at the French department of blood transfusion. Results In the 3 T3 L541 cell line, KITL541 protein exhibited a spontaneous phosphorylation status comparable to that of wild-type KIT but displayed a phosphorylation pattern of AKT and ERK1/2 that was found similar to that of the classical mutated forms of the KIT receptor. Of 109 patients enrolled in this retrospective translational research study, 24 (22 %) harboured KITL541, similarly to the control group of healthy donors (n = 10 of 60, 17 %). A higher prevalence of the variant KITL541 was observed in patients with metastatic status at diagnosis (KITL541 correlated nine of 22 versus 15 of 87, p = 0.02). In addition, patients with KITL541 and localized GIST had a higher rate of relapse at 5 years and lower relapse free survival at 5 years in univariate, as well as in multivariate analysis. Response rate and duration of response to imatinib was similar in KITL541 and KITM541 patients. Conclusion KITL541 genotype is associated with a higher risk of metastasis at diagnosis and a higher risk of relapse in GIST patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1817-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Brahmi
- Department of medical oncology, Centre Leon Berard, 28 rue Laennec, Lyon, France.
| | - Laurent Alberti
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, INSERM UMR 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Leon Berard, 28 rue Laennec, Lyon, France.
| | - Armelle Dufresne
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, INSERM UMR 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Leon Berard, 28 rue Laennec, Lyon, France.
| | - Isabelle Ray-Coquard
- Department of medical oncology, Centre Leon Berard, 28 rue Laennec, Lyon, France.
| | - Philippe Cassier
- Department of medical oncology, Centre Leon Berard, 28 rue Laennec, Lyon, France.
| | - Pierre Meeus
- Department of medical oncology, Centre Leon Berard, 28 rue Laennec, Lyon, France.
| | | | | | - Jean-Yves Blay
- Department of medical oncology, Centre Leon Berard, 28 rue Laennec, Lyon, France.
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