1
|
Rahmat NL, Zifruddin AN, Yusoff NS, Sulaiman S, Zainal Abidin CMR, Othman NW, Nor Muhammad NA, Hassan M. Transcriptome analysis reveals mechanisms of metabolic detoxification and immune responses following farnesyl acetate treatment in Metisa plana. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 112:108176. [PMID: 39181100 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2024.108176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Metisa plana is a widespread insect pest infesting oil palm plantations in Malaysia. Farnesyl acetate (FA), a juvenile hormone analogue, has been reported to exert in vitro and in vivo insecticidal activity against other insect pests. However, the insecticidal mechanism of FA on M. plana remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate responsive genes in M. plana in response to FA treatment. The RNA-sequencing reads of FA-treated M. plana were de novo-assembled with existing raw reads from non-treated third instar larvae, and 55,807 transcripts were functionally annotated to multiple protein databases. Several insecticide detoxification-related genes were differentially regulated among the 321 differentially expressed transcripts. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, carboxylesterase, and ATP-binding cassette protein were upregulated, while peptidoglycan recognition protein was downregulated. Innate immune response genes, such as glutathione S-transferases, acetylcholinesterase, and heat shock protein, were also identified in the transcriptome. The findings signify that changes occurred in the insect's receptor and signaling, metabolic detoxification of insecticides, and immune responses upon FA treatment on M. plana. This valuable information on FA toxicity may be used to formulate more effective biorational insecticides for better M. plana pest management strategies in oil palm plantations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Lina Rahmat
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor 43600 UKM, Malaysia
| | - Anis Nadyra Zifruddin
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor 43600 UKM, Malaysia
| | - Nur Syamimi Yusoff
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor 43600 UKM, Malaysia
| | - Suhaila Sulaiman
- Bioinformatics Unit, FGV R&D Sdn. Bhd., FGV Innovation Centre, PT23417 Lengkuk Teknologi,Bandar Enstek, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan 71760, Malaysia
| | | | - Nurul Wahida Othman
- Centre for Insect Systematics, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor 43600 UKM, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azlan Nor Muhammad
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor 43600 UKM, Malaysia; Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulations Group, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Maizom Hassan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor 43600 UKM, Malaysia; Systems and Synthetic Biology Group, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Xu Y, Wu S, Wang B, Li Y, Liu Y, Wang J. Validamycin Inhibits the Synthesis and Metabolism of Trehalose and Chitin in the Oriental Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). INSECTS 2023; 14:671. [PMID: 37623381 PMCID: PMC10455558 DOI: 10.3390/insects14080671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), is a notorious invasive pest that has raised concerns worldwide. Validamycin has been demonstrated to be a very strong inhibitor against trehalase in a variety of organisms. However, whether validamycin can inhibit trehalase activity to suppress trehalose hydrolysis and affect any other relevant physiological pathways in B. dorsalis remains unknown. In this study, the effects of validamycin injection on the synthesis and metabolism of trehalose and chitin were evaluated. The results show that validamycin injection significantly affected trehalase activity and caused trehalose accumulation. In addition, the downstream pathways of trehalose hydrolysis, including the synthesis and metabolism of chitin, were also remarkably affected as the expressions of the key genes in these pathways were significantly regulated and the chitin contents were changed accordingly. Intriguingly, the upstream trehalose synthesis was also affected by validamycin injection due to the variations in the expression levels of key genes, especially BdTPPC1. Moreover, BdTPPC1 was predicted to have a binding affinity to validamycin, and the subsequent in vitro recombinant enzyme activity assay verified the inhibitory effect of validamycin on BdTPPC1 activity for the first time. These findings collectively indicate that validamycin can be considered as a promising potential insecticide for the management of B. dorsalis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yonghong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shunjiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Baohe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yaying Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yinghong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Z, Long GY, Jin DC, Yang H, Zhou C, Yang XB. Knockdown of Two Trehalase Genes by RNA Interference Is Lethal to the White-Backed Planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera:Delphacidae). Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12111699. [PMID: 36421713 PMCID: PMC9687761 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Trehalase (Tre) is a crucial enzyme involved in trehalose metabolism, and it plays pivotal roles in insect development and metamorphosis. However, the biological function of Tre genes in Sogatella furcifera remains unclear. In the present study, two Tre genes—SfTre1 and SfTre2—were cloned and identified based on the S. furcifera transcriptome data. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the full-length complementary DNA of SfTre1 and SfTre2 genes were 3700 and 2757 bp long, with 1728- and 1902-bp open reading frame encoding 575 and 633 amino acid residues, respectively. Expression analysis indicated that SfTre1 and SfTre2 were expressed at all developmental stages, with the highest expression in day two adults. Furthermore, the highest expression levels of SfTre1 and SfTre2 were observed in the ovary; enriched expression was also noted in head tissues. The knockdown of SfTre1 and SfTre2 via injecting double-stranded RNAs decreased the transcription levels of the corresponding mRNAs and led to various malformed phenotypes and high lethality rates. The results of our present study indicate that SfTre1 and SfTre2 play crucial roles in S. furcifera growth and development, which can provide referable information for Tre genes as a potential target for planthopper control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- College of Environment and Life Sciences, Kaili University, Kaili 556011, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, and Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Gui-Yun Long
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, and Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Dao-Chao Jin
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, and Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (D.-C.J.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-139-8403-0739 (D.-C.J.); +86-139-8547-0482 (H.Y.)
| | - Hong Yang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, and Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (D.-C.J.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-139-8403-0739 (D.-C.J.); +86-139-8547-0482 (H.Y.)
| | - Cao Zhou
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, and Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xi-Bin Yang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, and Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao X, Guo J, Lu Y, Sun T, Tian J, Huang J, Xu H, Wang Z, Lu Z. Reference Genes for Expression Analysis Using RT-qPCR in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13111046. [PMID: 36421949 PMCID: PMC9697642 DOI: 10.3390/insects13111046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is a destructive migratory rice pest. Although many studies have investigated its behavioral and physiological responses to environmental changes and migration-inducing factors, little is known about its molecular mechanisms. This study was conducted to select suitable RT-qPCR reference genes to facilitate future gene expression studies. Here, thirteen candidate housekeeping genes (EF1α, AK, EF1β, GAPDH, PGK, RPL13, RPL18, RPS3, 18S rRNA, TBP1, TBP2, ACT, and UCCR) were selected to evaluate their stabilities under different conditions using the ∆CT method; the geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper algorithms; and the online tool RefFinder. The results showed that the most stable reference genes were EF1β, PGK, and RPL18, related to developmental stages; RPS3 and RPL18 in larval tissues; EF1β and PGK in larvae feeding on different rice varieties; EF1α, EF1β, and PGK in larvae temperature treatments; PGK and RPL13, related to different adult ages; PGK, EF1α, and ACT, related to adult nutritional conditions; RPL18 and PGK, related to adult mating status; and, RPS3 and PGK, related to different adult take-off characteristics. Our results reveal reference genes that apply to various experimental conditions and will greatly improve the reliability of RT-qPCR analysis for the further study of gene function in this pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jiawen Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yanhui Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Tianyi Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Junce Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jianlei Huang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Zhengliang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhongxian Lu
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang S, Zou Z, Xin T, Cai S, Wang X, Zhang H, Zhong L, Xia B. Knockdown of hexokinase in Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) by RNAi inhibits chitin synthesis and leads to abnormal phenotypes. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:4303-4313. [PMID: 35731692 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silencing specific genes in pests using RNA interference (RNAi) technology is a promising new pest-control strategy. The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, is the most important citrus pest because it transmits Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, which causes huanglongbing. Chitin is essential for insect development, and enzymes in this pathway are attractive targets for pest control. RESULTS The hexokinase gene DcHK was characterized from D. citri to impair proper growth and chitin synthesis through RNAi. The transcription of DcHK was more highly developed in third-instar nymphs, adults and the Malpighian tube. The RNAi needed for D. citri is dose-dependent, with 600 ng μl-1 dsDcHK sufficient to knockdown endogenous DcHK expression. The messenger RNA (mRNA) level was lowest at 36 h after dosing, and there were significant effects on the relative levels of mRNA in the chitin synthesis pathway (DcTre, DcG6PI, DcGNAT, DcGFAT, DcPGM, DcUAP and DcCHS), leading to mortality, reduced body weight and abnormal or lethal phenotypes. CONCLUSION RNAi can be triggered by orally delivered double-stranded RNA in D. citri. These results can provide support for HK genes as a new potential target for citrus psyllid control. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yang
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhiwen Zou
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tianrong Xin
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shiyu Cai
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Administration of Plant Protection and Quarantine of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ling Zhong
- Administration of Plant Protection and Quarantine of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Xia
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shakeel M, Du J, Li SW, Zhou YJ, Sarwar N, Bukhari SAH. Characterization, Knockdown and Parental Effect of Hexokinase Gene of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Revealed by RNA Interference. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111258. [PMID: 33114530 PMCID: PMC7693289 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexokinase (HK) is a key enzyme in chitin biosynthesis in insects and plays an important role in development and energy regulation. It also performs a crucial role in the synthesis of Glucose-6-phosphate and its putative functions are studied via injection of dsRNA corresponding to the hexokinase gene from Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (CmHK). This study was designed to analyze the characteristics and expression patterns of HK-related genes in various tissues of C. medinalis at different developmental stages. The CmHK ORF is a 1359 bp in length, encoding a protein of 452 amino acids, with homology and cluster analysis showing that CmHK shares an 85.11% sequence similarity with hexokinase from Ostrinia furnacalis.CmHK was highly expressed in the ovary and in the fifth instar larvae. Injection of dsCmHK significantly suppressed mRNA expression (73.6%) 120 h post-dsRNA injection as compared to a control group. The results demonstrated an increased incidence of larval and pupal mortality of 80% and 78%, respectively, with significant variation in the sex ratio between males (68.33%) and females (35%), overt larval deformities, and a reduction in average weight gain observed 120 h post-dsRNA injection. In addition, dsCmHK-injected C. medinalis showed a significant reduction in ovulation per female and larval hatching rate, along with increased larval and pupal mortality and variation in male and female emergence over three generations (G1, G2, and G3). Taken together, the outcomes of the study provide a foundation to study gene function and a new dimension to control C. medinalis by transgenic RNAi technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shakeel
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China; (M.S.); (J.D.); (Y.-J.Z.)
| | - Juan Du
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China; (M.S.); (J.D.); (Y.-J.Z.)
| | - Shang-Wei Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China; (M.S.); (J.D.); (Y.-J.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-137-6506-6957
| | - Yuan-Jin Zhou
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China; (M.S.); (J.D.); (Y.-J.Z.)
| | - Naeem Sarwar
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (N.S.); (S.A.H.B.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Quan PQ, Li MZ, Wang GR, Gu LL, Liu XD. Comparative transcriptome analysis of the rice leaf folder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis) to heat acclimation. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:450. [PMID: 32605538 PMCID: PMC7325166 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06867-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The rice leaf folder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Güenée is a serious insect pest of rice in Asia. This pest occurs in summer, and it is sensitive to high temperature. However, the larvae exhibit heat acclimation/adaptation. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we established a heat-acclimated strain via multigenerational selection at 39 °C. After heat shock at 41 °C for 1 h, the transcriptomes of the heat-acclimated (S-39) and unacclimated (S-27) larvae were sequenced, using the unacclimated larvae without exposure to 41 °C as the control. Results Five generations of selection at 39 °C led larvae to acclimate to this heat stress. Exposure to 41 °C induced 1160 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the heat-acclimated and unacclimated larvae. Both the heat-acclimated and unacclimated larvae responded to heat stress via upregulating genes related to sensory organ development and structural constituent of eye lens, whereas the unacclimated larvae also upregulated genes related to structural constituent of cuticle. Compared to unacclimated larvae, heat-acclimated larvae downregulated oxidoreductase activity-related genes when encountering heat shock. Both the acclimated and unacclimated larvae adjusted the longevity regulating, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, antigen processing and presentation, MAPK and estrogen signaling pathway to responsed to heat stress. Additionally, the unacclimated larvae also adjusted the spliceosome pathway, whereas the heat-acclimated larvae adjusted the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids pathway when encountering heat stress. Although the heat-acclimated and unacclimated larvae upregulated expression of heat shock protein genes under heat stress including HSP70, HSP27 and CRYAB, their biosynthesis, metabolism and detoxification-related genes expressed differentially. Conclusions The rice leaf folder larvae could acclimate to a high temperature via multigenerational heat selection. The heat-acclimated larvae induced more DEGs to response to heat shock than the unacclimated larvae. The changes in transcript level of genes were related to heat acclimation of larvae, especially these genes in sensory organ development, structural constituent of eye lens, and oxidoreductase activity. The DEGs between heat-acclimated and unacclimated larvae after heat shock were enriched in the biosynthesis and metabolism pathways. These results are helpful to understand the molecular mechanism underlying heat acclimation of insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Qi Quan
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Li
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Gao-Rong Wang
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ling-Ling Gu
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Liu
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shao ZM, Li YJ, Zhang XR, Chu J, Ma JH, Liu ZX, Wang J, Sheng S, Wu FA. Identification and Functional Study of Chitin Metabolism and Detoxification-Related Genes in Glyphodes pyloalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Based on Transcriptome Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051904. [PMID: 32164390 PMCID: PMC7084822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glyphodes pyloalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralididae) is a serious pest in the sericulture industry, which has caused damage and losses in recent years. With the widespread use of insecticides, the insecticide resistance of G. pyloalis has becomes increasingly apparent. In order to find other effective methods to control G. pyloalis, this study performed a transcriptome analysis of the midgut, integument, and whole larvae. Transcriptome data were annotated with KEGG and GO, and they have been shown to be of high quality by RT-qPCR. The different significant categories of differentially expressed genes between the midgut and the integument suggested that the transcriptome data could be used for next analysis. With the exception of Dda9 (GpCDA5), 19 genes were involved in chitin metabolism, most of which had close protein–protein interactions. Among them, the expression levels of 11 genes, including GpCHSA, GpCDA1, GpCDA2, GpCDA4, GPCHT1, GPCHT2a, GPCHT3a, GPCHT7, GpTre1, GpTre2, and GpRtv were higher in the integument than in the midgut, while the expression levels of the last eight genes, including GpCHSB, GpCDA5, GpCHT2b, GpCHT3b, GpCHT-h, GpPAGM, GpNAGK, and GpUAP, were higher in the midgut than in the integument. Moreover, 282 detoxification-related genes were identified and can be divided into 10 categories, including cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferase, carboxylesterase, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, aquaporin, chloride channel, methoprene-tolerant, serine protease inhibitor, sodium channel, and calcium channel. In order to further study the function of chitin metabolism-related genes, dsRNA injection knocked down the expression of GpCDA1 and GpCHT3a, resulting in the significant downregulation of its downstream genes. These results provide an overview of chitin metabolism and detoxification of G. pyloalis and lay the foundation for the effective control of this pest in the sericulture industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-min Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (Y.-j.L.); (X.-r.Z.); (J.C.); (Z.-x.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Yi-jiangcheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (Y.-j.L.); (X.-r.Z.); (J.C.); (Z.-x.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Xiao-rui Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (Y.-j.L.); (X.-r.Z.); (J.C.); (Z.-x.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jie Chu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (Y.-j.L.); (X.-r.Z.); (J.C.); (Z.-x.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jia-hui Ma
- Zhenjiang Runshen Sericulture Development Co., Ltd, Zhenjiang 212001, China;
| | - Zhi-xiang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (Y.-j.L.); (X.-r.Z.); (J.C.); (Z.-x.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (Y.-j.L.); (X.-r.Z.); (J.C.); (Z.-x.L.); (J.W.)
- The Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Sheng Sheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (Y.-j.L.); (X.-r.Z.); (J.C.); (Z.-x.L.); (J.W.)
- The Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang 212018, China
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (F.-a.W.)
| | - Fu-an Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (Y.-j.L.); (X.-r.Z.); (J.C.); (Z.-x.L.); (J.W.)
- The Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang 212018, China
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (F.-a.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hwang DS, Lee MC, Kyung DH, Kim HS, Han J, Kim IC, Puthumana J, Lee JS. WAFs lead molting retardation of naupliar stages with down-regulated expression profiles of chitin metabolic pathway and related genes in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 193:9-17. [PMID: 27939724 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oil pollution is considered being disastrous to marine organisms and ecosystems. As molting is critical in the developmental process of arthropods in general and copepods, in particular, the impact will be adverse if the target of spilled oil is on molting. Thus, we investigated the harmful effects of water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of crude oil with an emphasis on inhibition of chitin metabolic pathways related genes and developmental retardation in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Also, we analysed the ontology and domain of chitin metabolic pathway genes and mRNA expression patterns of developmental stage-specific genes. Further, the developmental retardation followed by transcriptional modulations in nuclear receptor genes (NR) and chitin metabolic pathway-related genes were observed in the WAFs-exposed T. japonicus. As a result, the developmental time was found significantly (P<0.05) delayed in response to 40% WAFs in comparison with that of control. Moreover, the NR gene, HR3 and chitinases (CHT9 and CHT10) were up-regulated in N4-5 stages, while chitin synthase genes (CHS-1, CHS-2-1, and CHS-2-2) down-regulated in response to WAFs. In brief, a high concentration of WAFs repressed nuclear receptor genes but elicited activation of some of the transcription factors at low concentration of WAFs, resulting in suppression of chitin synthesis. Thus, we suggest that WAF can lead molting retardation of naupliar stages in T. japonicus through down-regulations of chitin metabolism. These findings will provide a better understanding of the mode of action of chitin biosynthesis associated with molting mechanism in WAF-exposed T. japonicus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Sik Hwang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Do-Hyun Kyung
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Bioscience, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Il-Chan Kim
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - Jayesh Puthumana
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu HZ, Xu JP, Wang XY, Ma Y, Yu D, Fei DQ, Zhang SZ, Wang WL. Identification of Four ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter Genes in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Their Expression in Response to Insecticide Treatment. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2017; 17:3076207. [PMID: 28365766 PMCID: PMC5416764 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iex017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters belong to a superfamily of genes involved in the transport of specific molecules across lipid membranes, as well as insecticide resistance, present in all living organisms. In this study, we combined the Cnaphalocrocis medinals transcriptome database with a bioinformatics approach to identify four C. medinals ABCs (CmABCs), including CmABCG1, CmABCG4, CmABCC2 and CmABCC3. Tissue expression analysis showed that these genes had a tissue-specific expression pattern. CmABCG1 had significantly higher expression in the haemolymph and head compared to the other tissues. The expression of CmABCG4, CmABCC2 and CmABCC3 was highest in the midgut, followed by expression in the fat body. The developmental stage expression analysis showed that CmABCG1, CmABCG4, CmABCC2 and CmABCC3 were mainly expressed in adults. The transcription of CmABCG1, CmABCG4 and CmABCC2 was significantly induced by chlorpyrifos. Taken together, the results of our study provided useful information for understanding of the detoxification system of C. medinalis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Zhong Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd., Heifei 230036, People's Republic of China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Jia-Ping Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd., Heifei 230036, People's Republic of China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Xue-Yang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd., Heifei 230036, People's Republic of China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Yan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd., Heifei 230036, People's Republic of China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Dong Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd., Heifei 230036, People's Republic of China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Dong-Qiong Fei
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd., Heifei 230036, People's Republic of China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Shang-Zhi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd., Heifei 230036, People's Republic of China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Wan-Ling Wang
- Institute of Rice, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 40 South Nongke Rd., Heifei 230031, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ma J, Wang R, Li X, Gao B, Chen S. Transcriptome and Gene Expression Analysis of Cylas formicarius (Coleoptera: Brentidae) During Different Development Stages. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2016; 16:iew053. [PMID: 28076281 PMCID: PMC7261484 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iew053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius (F.) (Coleoptera: Brentidae), is an important pest of sweet potato worldwide. However, there is limited knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying growth and differentiation of C. formicarius The transcriptomes of the eggs, second instar larvae, third instar larvae (L3), pupae, females, and males of C. formicarius were sequenced using Illumina sequencing technology for obtaining global insights into developing transcriptome characteristics and elucidating the relative functional genes. A total of 54,255,544 high-quality reads were produced, trimmed, and de novo assembled into 115,281 contigs. 61,686 unigenes were obtained, with an average length of 1,009 nt. Among these unigenes, 17,348 were annotated into 59 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and 12,660 were assigned to 25 Cluster of Orthologous Groups classes, whereas 24,796 unigenes were mapped to 258 pathways. Differentially expressed unigenes between various developmental stages of C. formicarius were detected. Higher numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were recorded in the eggs versus L3 and eggs versus male samples (2,141 and 2,058 unigenes, respectively) than the others. Genes preferentially expressed in each stage were also identified. GO and pathway-based enrichment analysis were used to further investigate the functions of the DEGs. In addition, the expression profiles of ten DEGs were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. The transcriptome profiles presented in this study and these DEGs detected by comparative analysis of different developed stages of C. formicarius will facilitate the understanding of the molecular mechanism of various living process and will contribute to further genome-wide research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ma
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/IPM Centre of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, 437 Dongguan Street, Baoding 071000, China (; ; ; ; )
| | - Rongyan Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/IPM Centre of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, 437 Dongguan Street, Baoding 071000, China (; ; ; ; )
| | - Xiuhua Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/IPM Centre of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, 437 Dongguan Street, Baoding 071000, China (; ; ; ; )
| | - Bo Gao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/IPM Centre of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, 437 Dongguan Street, Baoding 071000, China (; ; ; ; )
| | - Shulong Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/IPM Centre of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, 437 Dongguan Street, Baoding 071000, China (; ; ; ; )
| |
Collapse
|