1
|
Yimam M, Horm T, O'Neal A, Jiao P, Hong M, Jia Q. An Aloe-Based Composition Constituting Polysaccharides and Polyphenols Protected Mice against D-Galactose-Induced Immunosenescence. J Immunol Res 2024; 2024:9307906. [PMID: 38516617 PMCID: PMC10957255 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9307906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A decline in immune response, exhibited in the form of immunosenescence and inflammaging, is an age-associated disturbance of the immune system known to predispose the elderly to a greater susceptibility to infection and poor vaccine response. Polysaccharides and polyphenols from botanicals are known for their immune modulation effects. Here we evaluated a standardized mushroom-based composition, UP360, from Aloe barbadensis, Poria cocos, and Rosmarinus officinalis, as a natural nutritional supplement for a balanced immune response in an accelerated aging mouse model. Immunosenescence was induced by continual subcutaneous injection of D-galactose (D-gal) at a dose of 500 mg/kg/day to CD-1 mice. UP360 was administered at oral doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg to the mice starting on the 5th week of D-gal injection. The study lasted for a total of 9 weeks. All mice were given a quadrivalent influenza vaccine at 3 µg/animal via intramuscular injection 14 days before the end of the study. A group of D-gal-treated mice treated at 400 mg/kg/day UP360 was kept without vaccination. Whole blood, serum, spleen homogenate, and thymus tissues were used for analysis. UP360 was found to improve the immune response as evidenced by stimulation of innate and adaptive immune responses, increase antioxidant capacity as reflected by augmented SOD and Nrf2, and preserve vital immune organs, such as the thymus, from aging-associated damage. The findings depicted in this report show the effect of the composition in activating and maintaining homeostasis of the immune system both during active infections and as a preventive measure to help prime the immune system. These data warrant further clinical study to explore the potential application of the mushroom-based composition as an adjunct nutritional supplement for a balanced immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mesfin Yimam
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA
| | - Teresa Horm
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA
| | - Alexandria O'Neal
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA
| | - Ping Jiao
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA
| | - Mei Hong
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA
| | - Qi Jia
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yao XW, Liu HD, Ren MX, Li TL, Jiang WK, Zhou Z, Liu ZY, Yang M. Aloe polysaccharide promotes osteogenesis potential of adipose-derived stromal cells via BMP-2/Smads and prevents ovariectomized-induced osteoporosis. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:11913-11924. [PMID: 36243792 PMCID: PMC9712288 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aloe polysaccharide (AP) is a type of an active macromolecule of Aloe vera, which contributes to its function. However, whether AP possesses anti-osteoporosis properties is unknown. METHODS Adipose-derived stromal cells were treated with different concentrations of AP. Early and late osteogenesis were, respectively, evaluated by ALP and Alizarin Red S staining. The effect of AP on the processes of adipogenesis inhibition in ADSCs was analyzed by oil red O staining. Western blot was used to assess the expression of osteogenic and adipogenic related factors. Then, Noggin was administered to further confirm the mechanism by which AP promotes the osteogenesis of ADSCs. Finally, 40 female SD rats were classified into a bilateral laparotomy group (Sham group) and three bilateral ovariectomy groups: OVX group, OVX + AP group, and OVX + AP + Noggin group. The bilateral rat femurs were collected to perform micro-CT scanning, HE, Masson trichrome, and Oil red O staining. RESULTS The results indicated that AP could increase ALP expression and calcium deposition. Through molecular mechanisms, AP promotes the protein expression of COL1A1, OPN, and ALP in ADSCs, but downregulates the expression of PPARγ. Also, AP directs ADSCs' fate by stimulating the BMP2/Smads signaling pathway. In vivo, the rat AP-treated had more trabecular bone than the OVX rat, indicating partial protection from cancellous bone loss after treatment with AP. CONCLUSION Our results show that AP may promote osteogenesis of ADSCs through BMP-2/Smads signaling pathway and inhibits lipogenic differentiation. Thus, AP might be a promising alternative medicine to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-wei Yao
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No.2, Zheshan Xi Road, Wuhu, 241001 Anhui People’s Republic of China
| | - He-dong Liu
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No.2, Zheshan Xi Road, Wuhu, 241001 Anhui People’s Republic of China
| | - Mao-xian Ren
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No.2, Zheshan Xi Road, Wuhu, 241001 Anhui People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian-lin Li
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No.2, Zheshan Xi Road, Wuhu, 241001 Anhui People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-kai Jiang
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No.2, Zheshan Xi Road, Wuhu, 241001 Anhui People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No.2, Zheshan Xi Road, Wuhu, 241001 Anhui People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-yi Liu
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No.2, Zheshan Xi Road, Wuhu, 241001 Anhui People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No.2, Zheshan Xi Road, Wuhu, 241001 Anhui People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim SH, Moon JH, Jeong SU, Jung HH, Park CS, Hwang BY, Lee CK. Induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance using biodegradable nanoparticles containing antigen and dexamethasone. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:5229-5242. [PMID: 31371958 PMCID: PMC6636315 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s210546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dexamethasone (Dex) has long been used as a potent immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, despite serious side effects. In the present study, Dex and model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) were encapsulated with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) to deliver Dex and OVA preferentially to phagocytic cells, reducing systemic side effects of Dex. The OVA-specific immune tolerance-inducing activity of the nanoparticles (NPs) was examined. Methods Polymeric NPs containing OVA and Dex (NP[OVA+Dex]) were prepared by the water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion solvent evaporation method. The effects of NP[OVA+Dex] on the maturation and function of immature dendritic cells (DCs) were examined in vitro. Furthermore, the OVA-specific immune tolerizing effects of NP[OVA+Dex] were confirmed in mice that were intravenously injected or orally fed with the NPs. Results Immature DCs treated in vitro with NP[OVA+Dex] did not mature into immunogenic DCs but instead were converted into tolerogenic DCs. Furthermore, profoundly suppressed generation of OVA-specific cytotoxic T cells and production of OVA-specific IgG were observed in mice injected with NP[OVA+Dex], whereas regulatory T cells were concomitantly increased. Feeding of mice with NP[OVA+Dex] also induced OVA-specific immune tolerance. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that oral feeding as well as intravenous injection of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) NPs encapsulating both antigen and Dex is a useful means of inducing antigen-specific immune tolerance, which is crucial for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jun-Hyeok Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seong-Un Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ho-Hyun Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Chan-Su Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Chong-Kil Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
H N S, H N Y. Duration dependent effect of chronic stress on primary and secondary lymphoid organs and their reversibility in rats. Immunobiology 2018; 224:133-141. [PMID: 30348458 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate whether or not chronic stress effect and its reversibility on lymphoid organs is duration dependent. Male rats were exposed to restraint (1 h) followed by a gap of 4 h to forced swimming exercise (15 min) daily for 2, 4 and 8 weeks. After each exposure period, rats were allowed to recover for 6 weeks. Stress exposure resulted in duration dependent decreases in weight of thymus and axillary lymph nodes, lymphocyte counts of spleen, thymus and axillary lymph nodes and number of islets of white pulp of spleen and increases in apoptotic index of splenocytes, thymocytes and lymphocytes of axillary lymph nodes. All the parameters of lymphoid organs studied showed significant alterations in 2 weeks of stress exposure indicated their sensitivity to stress effects in short term exposure and thymus was the most sensitive organ among all. The alterations in all the parameters of spleen and majority of parameters of thymus and axillary lymph nodes returned to control level in recovery group rats of 2 and 4 weeks exposure but not in that of 8 weeks exposure. The present study for the first time reveal that severity of stress effects on lymphoid organs increases with increasing duration of exposure and shorter the exposure period faster the recovery. In addition, an in vitro study showed that corticosterone caused apoptosis of thymocytes, splenocytes and lymphocytes of axillary lymph nodes in dose dependent manner. Thus corticosterone induced death of cells of lymphoid organs under stress is the major cause of involution of lymphoid organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarjan H N
- Department of Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570 006, India.
| | - Yajurvedi H N
- Department of Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570 006, India.
| |
Collapse
|