1
|
Ren W, Zhao F, Han Y, Liu Z, Zhai J, Jia K. Muscone improves hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced neuronal injury by blocking HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway via modulating microRNA-142. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13523. [PMID: 35860039 PMCID: PMC9290999 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous reports have indicated that natural muscone has neuroprotective effects against cerebral hypoxia injury; however, little is known in regards to its pharmacological mechanism. In this study, we tried to evaluate the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of muscone against cerebral hypoxia injury using an in vitro model. The cerebral hypoxia injury cell model was produced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). The cell viability and apoptosis were measured using the cell counting Kit-8 and the Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection kit, respectively. To screen microRNAs regulated by muscone, we analyzed the gene expression datasets of GSE84216 retrieved from gene expression omnibus (GEO). Here, it was demonstrated that muscone treatment significantly alleviated the cell apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation in H/R-exposed neurons. Subsequently, through analyzing GSE84216 from the GEO database, miR-142-5p was markedly upregulated by treatment of muscone in this cell model of cerebral hypoxia injury. Further experiments revealed that downregulation of miR-142-5p eliminated the neuroprotective effects of muscone against H/R induced neuronal injury. Additionally, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), an important inflammatory factor, was identified as a direct target of miR-142-5p in neurons. Meanwhile, we further demonstrated that muscone could reduce the expression of HMGB1 by upregulating miR-142-5p expression, which subsequently resulted in the inactivation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway, finally leading to the improvement of cell injury in H/R-exposed neurons. Overall, we demonstrate for the first time that muscone treatment alleviates cerebral hypoxia injury in in vitro experiments through blocking activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway by targeting HMGB1, suggesting that muscone may serve as a potential therapeutic drug for treating cerebral hypoxia injury.
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu H, Xie X, Sun M, Chen M, Tao X, Fang X, Meng X, Wei W, Yu M. Modification of mesenchymal stem cells by HMGB1 promotes the activity of Cav3.2 T-type calcium channel via PKA/β-catenin/γ-cystathionase pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:4. [PMID: 35012644 PMCID: PMC8744322 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02677-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) hold great promise for treating cardiovascular disease. Recently, we genetically modified MSCs with high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and these cells demonstrated high mobility by efficient migrating and homing to target neointima. The possible mechanism was investigated in the current study. Methods Rat MSCs were transfected with lentivirus containing HMGB1 cDNA to yield MSC-H cell line stably overexpressing HMGB1. The MSC-C cells which were transfected with empty lentivirus served as negative control, and the differentially expressed genes were analyzed by microarray. The cell mobility was determined by transwell migration assay. Intracellular free calcium and the expression of Cav3.2 T-type calcium channel (CACNA1H) were assayed to analyze activity of CACNA1H-mediated calcium influx. H2S production and γ-cystathionase expression were examined to assess the activity of γ-cystathionase/H2S signaling. The interaction of HMGB1 with γ-cystathionase in MSC-H cells was analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine whether the promoter activity of γ-cystathionase was regulated by interaction of β-catenin and TCF/LEF binding site. Intercellular cAMP, PKA activity, phosphorylation of β-catenin, and GSK3β were investigated to reveal cAMP/PKA mediated β-catenin activation. Result Microarray analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes were enriched in cAMP signaling and calcium signaling. CACNA1H was upregulated to increase intracellular free calcium and MSC-H cell migration. Blockage of CACNA1H by ABT-639 significantly reduced intracellular free calcium and cell migration. The γ-cystathionase/H2S signaling was responsible for CACNA1H activation. H2S production was increased with high expression of γ-cystathionase in MSC-H cells, which was blocked by γ-cystathionase inhibitor DL-propargylglycine. Upregulation of γ-cystathionase was not attributed to interaction with HMGB1 overexpressed in MSC-H cells although γ-cystathionase was suggested to co-immunoprecipitate with oxidized HMGB1. Bioinformatics analysis identified a conserved TCF/LEF binding site in the promoter of γ-cystathionase gene. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed that the promoter had positive response to β-catenin which was activated in MSC-H cells. Finally, cAMP/PKA was activated to phosphorylate β-catenin at Ser657 and GSK3β, enabling persisting activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in MSC-H cells. Conclusion Our study revealed that modification of MSCs with HMGB1 promoted CACNA1H-mediated calcium influx via PKA/β-catenin/γ-cystathionase pathway. This was a plausible mechanism for high mobility of MSC-H cell line. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02677-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Division of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- Division of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingyang Sun
- Division of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Tao
- Division of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Fang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohu Meng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Division of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang S, Feng Z, Gao W, Duan Y, Fan G, Geng X, Wu B, Li K, Liu K, Peng C. Aucubin Attenuates Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR-4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:544124. [PMID: 33013386 PMCID: PMC7506056 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.544124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common clinical event with high morbidity in patients undergoing complex liver surgery or having abdominal trauma. Inflammatory and oxidative stress responses are the main contributing factors in liver IRI. The iridoid glucoside aucubin (AU) has good anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects; however, there are no relevant reports on the protective effect of glucosides on hepatic IRI. The purpose of this study was to determine whether AU pretreatment could prevent liver IRI and to explore the mechanism. Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups. The sham operation and IRI control groups were given intraperitoneal injections of normal saline, while the AU low-dose (AU-L) group, AU medium-dose (AU-M) group, and AU high-dose (AU-H) group were given intraperitoneal injections of AU at doses of 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg/day, respectively. After 10 d, liver IRI (70% liver ischemia for 1 h, reperfusion for 6 h) was surgically established in all groups except the sham group. Our results confirmed that liver injury was significantly aggravated after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion. AU alleviated the increase of transaminase and pathological changes induced by ischemia-reperfusion and improved liver damage. AU could also ameliorate the inflammatory and oxidative stress responses induced by ischemia-reperfusion and reduced expression of high mobility group protein (HMG)B1, receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, AU reduced ischemia-reperfusion-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cells apoptosis, increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator (PGC)-1α and uncoupling (UCP)2 protein expression, and reduced caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, and Cytochrome P450 proteins (CYP) expression. To determine expression levels of the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway-related proteins in vitro and in vivo, we also measured TLR-4, myeloid differentiation factor88 (MyD88), NF-κB P65, p-P65, I-kappa-B-alpha (IκB-α), and p-IκB-α levels. The results showed that AU effectively inhibited activation of the TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway. In conclusion, we showed for the first time a hepatoprotective effect for AU in liver IRI, which acted by inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Pretreatment with AU may be a promising strategy for preventing liver IRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zanjie Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Weidong Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuling Duan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Guoxin Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xin Geng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Kangwei Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Cijun Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Portillo F, Vázquez J, Pajares MA. Protein-protein interactions involving enzymes of the mammalian methionine and homocysteine metabolism. Biochimie 2020; 173:33-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
5
|
Xue J, Ge H, Lin Z, Wang H, Lin W, Liu Y, Wu G, Xia J, Zhao Q. The role of dendritic cells regulated by HMGB1/TLR4 signalling pathway in myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2849-2862. [PMID: 30784177 PMCID: PMC6433676 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory response plays an important role in ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI) through a variety of inflammatory cells. Apart from neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes, the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in IRI has been noticed. The study was aimed at investigating whether the high‐mobility group protein box‐1/toll like receptor 4 (HMGB1/TLR4) signalling pathway regulate the migration, adhesion and aggregation of DCs to the myocardium, induce DCs activation and maturation, stimulate the expression of surface costimulatory molecules and participate in myocardial IRI. In vivo, migration, adhesion, and aggregation of DCs was enhanced; the expression of peripheral blood DCs CD80 and CD86, myocardial adhesion molecules were increased; and the infarct size was increased during myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). These responses induced by MI/RI were significantly inhibited by HMGB1 specific neutralizing antibody treatment. Cellular experiments confirmed that HMGB1 promoted the release of inflammatory cytokines through TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB, upregulated CD80 and CD86 expression, mediated the damage of cardiomyocytes and accelerated the apoptosis. Our results indicate that DCs activation and maturation, stimulate the expression of surface costimulatory molecules by promoting the release of inflammatory factors through NF‐κB pathway and participate in myocardial IRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyang Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hanwei Ge
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hanlei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guowei Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qifeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Aged Livers-The Energy Metabolism, Inflammatory Response, and Autophagy. Transplantation 2018; 102:368-377. [PMID: 29135887 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Because of the lack of adequate organs, the number of patients with end-stage liver diseases, acute liver failure or hepatic malignancies waiting for liver transplantation is constantly increasing. Accepting aged liver grafts is one of the strategies expanding the donor pool to ease the discrepancy between the growing demand and the limited supply of donor organs. However, recipients of organs from old donors may show an increased posttransplantation morbidity and mortality due to enhanced ischemia-reperfusion injury. Energy metabolism, inflammatory response, and autophagy are 3 critical processes which are involved in the aging progress as well as in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Compared with young liver grafts, impairment of energy metabolism in aged liver grafts leads to lower adenosine triphosphate production and an enhanced generation of free radicals, both aggravating the inflammatory response. The aggravated inflammatory response determines the extent of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury and augments the liver damage. Autophagy protects cells by removal of damaged organelles, including dysfunctional mitochondria, a process impaired in aging and involved in ischemia-reperfusion-related apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, autophagic degradation of cellular compounds relieves intracellular adenosine triphosphate level for the energy depressed cells. Strategies targeting the mechanisms involved in energy metabolism, inflammatory response, and autophagy might be especially useful to prevent the increased risk for ischemia-reperfusion injury in aged livers after major hepatic surgery.
Collapse
|
7
|
Gaskell H, Ge X, Nieto N. High-Mobility Group Box-1 and Liver Disease. Hepatol Commun 2018; 2:1005-1020. [PMID: 30202816 PMCID: PMC6128227 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High‐mobility group box‐1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous protein. While initially thought to be simply an architectural protein due to its DNA‐binding ability, evidence from the last decade suggests that HMGB1 is a key protein participating in the pathogenesis of acute liver injury and chronic liver disease. When it is passively released or actively secreted after injury, HMGB1 acts as a damage‐associated molecular pattern that communicates injury and inflammation to neighboring cells by the receptor for advanced glycation end products or toll‐like receptor 4, among others. In the setting of acute liver injury, HMGB1 participates in ischemia/reperfusion, sepsis, and drug‐induced liver injury. In the context of chronic liver disease, it has been implicated in alcoholic liver disease, liver fibrosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Recently, specific posttranslational modifications have been identified that could condition the effects of the protein in the liver. Here, we provide a detailed review of how HMGB1 signaling participates in acute liver injury and chronic liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Gaskell
- Department of Pathology University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago IL
| | - Xiaodong Ge
- Department of Pathology University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago IL
| | - Natalia Nieto
- Department of Pathology University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago IL.,Department of Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago IL
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pajares MA, Pérez-Sala D. Mammalian Sulfur Amino Acid Metabolism: A Nexus Between Redox Regulation, Nutrition, Epigenetics, and Detoxification. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:408-452. [PMID: 29186975 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Transsulfuration allows conversion of methionine into cysteine using homocysteine (Hcy) as an intermediate. This pathway produces S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), a key metabolite for cell function, and provides 50% of the cysteine needed for hepatic glutathione synthesis. The route requires the intake of essential nutrients (e.g., methionine and vitamins) and is regulated by their availability. Transsulfuration presents multiple interconnections with epigenetics, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and glutathione synthesis, polyol and pentose phosphate pathways, and detoxification that rely mostly in the exchange of substrates or products. Major hepatic diseases, rare diseases, and sensorineural disorders, among others that concur with oxidative stress, present impaired transsulfuration. Recent Advances: In contrast to the classical view, a nuclear branch of the pathway, potentiated under oxidative stress, is emerging. Several transsulfuration proteins regulate gene expression, suggesting moonlighting activities. In addition, abnormalities in Hcy metabolism link nutrition and hearing loss. CRITICAL ISSUES Knowledge about the crossregulation between pathways is mostly limited to the hepatic availability/removal of substrates and inhibitors. However, advances regarding protein-protein interactions involving oncogenes, identification of several post-translational modifications (PTMs), and putative moonlighting activities expand the potential impact of transsulfuration beyond methylations and Hcy. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Increasing the knowledge on transsulfuration outside the liver, understanding the protein-protein interaction networks involving these enzymes, the functional role of their PTMs, or the mechanisms controlling their nucleocytoplasmic shuttling may provide further insights into the pathophysiological implications of this pathway, allowing design of new therapeutic interventions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 408-452.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María A Pajares
- 1 Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC) , Madrid, Spain .,2 Molecular Hepatology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPAZ) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- 1 Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC) , Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Garrido F, Pacheco M, Vargas-Martínez R, Velasco-García R, Jorge I, Serrano H, Portillo F, Vázquez J, Pajares MÁ. Identification of hepatic protein-protein interaction targets for betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199472. [PMID: 29924862 PMCID: PMC6010280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions are an important mechanism for the regulation of enzyme function allowing metabolite channeling, crosstalk between pathways or the introduction of post-translational modifications. Therefore, a number of high-throughput studies have been carried out to shed light on the protein networks established under different pathophysiological settings. Surprisingly, this type of information is quite limited for enzymes of intermediary metabolism such as betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase, despite its high hepatic abundancy and its role in homocysteine metabolism. Here, we have taken advantage of two approaches, affinity purification combined with mass spectrometry and yeast two-hybrid, to further uncover the array of interactions of betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase in normal liver of Rattus norvegicus. A total of 131 non-redundant putative interaction targets were identified, out of which 20 were selected for further validation by coimmunoprecipitation. Interaction targets validated by two different methods include: S-methylmethionine homocysteine methyltransferase or betaine homocysteine methyltransferase 2, methionine adenosyltransferases α1 and α2, cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid dioxygenase and aldolase b. Network analysis identified 122 nodes and 165 edges, as well as a limited number of KEGG pathways that comprise: the biosynthesis of amino acids, cysteine and methionine metabolism, the spliceosome and metabolic pathways. These results further expand the connections within the hepatic methionine cycle and suggest putative cross-talks with additional metabolic pathways that deserve additional research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Garrido
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Pacheco
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Vargas-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Velasco-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Jorge
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Group, Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC) and CIBERCV, Melchor Fernández de Almagro 3, Madrid, Spain
| | - Horacio Serrano
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Francisco Portillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPAZ), Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Group, Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC) and CIBERCV, Melchor Fernández de Almagro 3, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Pajares
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPAZ), Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Estructural y Química, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
VanPatten S, Al-Abed Y. High Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGb1): Current Wisdom and Advancement as a Potential Drug Target. J Med Chem 2018; 61:5093-5107. [PMID: 29268019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
High mobility group box-1 (HMGb1) protein, a nuclear non-histone protein that is released or secreted from the cell in response to damage or stress, is a sentinel for the immune system that plays a critical role in cell survival/death pathways. This review highlights key features of the endogenous danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) protein, HMGb1 in the innate inflammatory response along with various cofactors and receptors that regulate its downstream effects. The evidence demonstrating increased levels of HMGb1 in human inflammatory diseases and conditions is presented, along with a summary of current small molecule or peptide-like antagonists proven to specifically target HMGb1. Additionally, we delineate the measures needed toward validating this protein as a clinically relevant biomarker or bioindicator and as a relevant drug target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonya VanPatten
- Center for Molecular Innovation , The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research , 350 Community Drive , Manhasset , New York 11030 , United States
| | - Yousef Al-Abed
- Center for Molecular Innovation , The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research , 350 Community Drive , Manhasset , New York 11030 , United States
| |
Collapse
|