1
|
Shirakami Y, Kato J, Ohnishi M, Taguchi D, Maeda T, Ideta T, Kubota M, Sakai H, Tomita H, Tanaka T, Shimizu M. A Novel Mouse Model of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Induced by Azoxymethane. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14581. [PMID: 37834032 PMCID: PMC10572168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary cancer of the liver and has a poor prognosis. Various animal models, including carcinogen-induced and genetically engineered rodent models, have been established to clarify the mechanisms underlying cholangiocarcinoma development. In the present study, we developed a novel mouse model of malignant lesions in the biliary ducts induced by the administration of the carcinogen azoxymethane to obese C57BLKS/J-db/db mice. A histopathological analysis revealed that the biliary tract lesions in the liver appeared to be an intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with higher tumor incidence, shorter experimental duration, and a markedly increased incidence in obese mice. Molecular markers analyzed using a microarray and a qPCR indicated that the cancerous lesions originated from the cholangiocytes and developed in the inflamed livers. These findings indicated that this is a novel mouse model of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the context of steatohepatitis. This model can be used to provide a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of cholangiocarcinoma and to develop novel therapeutic strategies for this malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Shirakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (J.K.); (M.O.); (D.T.); (T.M.); (T.I.); (M.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Junichi Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (J.K.); (M.O.); (D.T.); (T.M.); (T.I.); (M.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Masaya Ohnishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (J.K.); (M.O.); (D.T.); (T.M.); (T.I.); (M.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Daisuke Taguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (J.K.); (M.O.); (D.T.); (T.M.); (T.I.); (M.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Toshihide Maeda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (J.K.); (M.O.); (D.T.); (T.M.); (T.I.); (M.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Takayasu Ideta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (J.K.); (M.O.); (D.T.); (T.M.); (T.I.); (M.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Masaya Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (J.K.); (M.O.); (D.T.); (T.M.); (T.I.); (M.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Hiroyasu Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (J.K.); (M.O.); (D.T.); (T.M.); (T.I.); (M.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Hiroyuki Tomita
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan;
| | - Takuji Tanaka
- Department of Pathological Diagnosis, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan;
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (J.K.); (M.O.); (D.T.); (T.M.); (T.I.); (M.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elmas MA, Ozakpinar OB, Kolgazi M, Sener G, Arbak S, Ercan F. Exercise improves testicular morphology and oxidative stress parameters in rats with testicular damage induced by a high-fat diet. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14600. [PMID: 36146902 DOI: 10.1111/and.14600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and male infertility are problems that affect population. Exercise is a nonpharmacological way to reduce the negative health effects of obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise on hormone levels, blood-testis barrier, and inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers in rats that became obese due to a high-fat diet (HFD). Male rats received a standard diet (STD group) or a HFD (HFD group) for 18 weeks. During the final 6 weeks of the experiment, swimming exercises (1 h/5 days/week) were given to half of these animals (STD + EXC and HFD + EXC groups). Finally, blood and testicular tissues were analysed by biochemical and histological methods. Body weight, leptin, malondialdehyde, interleukin-6, TNF-alpha and myeloperoxidase levels, apoptotic cells and DNA fragmentation were increased, and testis weight, insulin, FSH, LH, testosterone, glutathione and superoxide dysmutase levels, proliferative cells, ZO-1, occludin, and gap junction protein Cx43 immunoreactivity were decreased in the HFD group. All these hormonal, morphological, oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers were enhanced in the HFD + EXC group. It is thought that exercise protected testicular cytotoxicity by regulating hormonal and oxidant/antioxidant balances and testicular function, inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis, as well as preserving blood-testis barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Acikel Elmas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Meltem Kolgazi
- Department of Physiology, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Goksel Sener
- Fenerbahçe University, Vocational School of Health Service, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Arbak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feriha Ercan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang H, Yue GGL, Leung PC, Wong CK, Lau CBS. A review on the molecular mechanisms, the therapeutic treatment including the potential of herbs and natural products, and target prediction of obesity-associated colorectal cancer. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:106031. [PMID: 34896542 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Obesity has been proven to be closely related to colorectal carcinogenesis. This review summarized the potential underlying mechanisms linking obesity to CRC in different aspects, including energy metabolism, inflammation, activities of adipokines and hormones. Furthermore, the potential therapeutic targets of obesity-associated CRC were predicted using network-based target analysis, with total predicted pathways not only containing previously reported pathways, but also putative signaling pathways pending for investigation. In addition, the current conventional therapeutic treatment options, plus the potential use of herbs and natural products in the management of obesity-associated CRC were also discussed. Taken together, the aim of this review article is to provide strong theoretical basis for future drug development, particularly herbs and natural products, in obesity-associated CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihai Yang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Grace Gar Lee Yue
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Ping Chung Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Chun Kwok Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Clara Bik San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Allopurinol Suppresses Azoxymethane-Induced Colorectal Tumorigenesis in C57BL/KsJ-db/db Mice. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/gidisord2040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and related metabolic disorders, including chronic inflammation and enhanced oxidative stress, are closely associated with the development and progression of colorectal cancer. Previous epidemiological studies have demonstrated that increased serum uric acid is associated with the risk for various types of cancer, including colon cancer. This study examined the effects of a xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol, widely used as a uric acid lowering medicine, on colorectal tumorigenesis in obese mice. Male C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice were injected with azoxymethane (15 mg/kg body weight) and then received drinking water containing allopurinol (30 mg/kg body weight) for fourteen weeks. At the time of sacrifice, allopurinol treatment significantly inhibited the development of colonic premalignant lesions. In the allopurinol-treated group, cellular proliferation in colonic mucosa was significantly suppressed, which was evaluated by the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Allopurinol also inhibited macrophage infiltration in the adipose tissue and decreased the serum level of TNF-α. The values of oxidative stress markers were markedly decreased in the allopurinol-treated group compared to those in the control group. These findings suggest that allopurinol attenuated chronic inflammation and decreased oxidative stress, preventing the development of colonic pre-neoplastic lesions in obesity-associated colon tumorigenesis model.
Collapse
|
5
|
Inhibitory effects of pentoxifylline on inflammation-related tumorigenesis in rat colon. Oncotarget 2018; 9:33972-33981. [PMID: 30338039 PMCID: PMC6188053 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation in the colorectum increases the risk of colorectal cancer development. Pentoxifylline, a medicine used for improving the circulation, has been reported to inhibit TNF-α production and to ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. In this study, we investigated the effects of pentoxifylline on inflammation-related colon tumorigenesis in a rodent model using Kyoto APC delta rats, which have APC mutation and are susceptible to colon carcinogenesis. Male Kyoto APC delta rats were treated with azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate, and were subsequently administered water, with or without pentoxifylline. At the end of the experiment, the development of colorectal tumor was significantly inhibited in the pentoxifylline group. The pentoxifylline treatment also lowered the levels of oxidative stress markers and mRNAs of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-6, in the colon mucosa. The PCNA labeling index and the inflammation score were also decreased in the colon of rats in the pentoxifylline -treated group. We also used an endoscopy to observe the tumor progression and inflammation in the colon of rats, revealing that inflammation grade was significantly lower in pentoxifylline-treated group at several points during the experiment. These findings suggest that pentoxifylline treatment might be useful for chemoprevention of inflammation-related colon cancer.
Collapse
|
6
|
The protective effect of pentoxifylline versus silymarin on the pancreas through increasing adenosine by CD39 in a rat model of liver cirrhosis: Pharmacological, biochemical and histological study. Gene 2018; 651:9-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
7
|
Steinmetz HT, Germing U, Sauer A, Lathan B, Liersch R, Tesch H, Heßling J, Moorahrend E, Uhlig J, Reiser M, Wahdat R, Gattermann N, Totzke U, Schmitz S. Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) in regular care in Germany – the oldest patients come to the fore. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 59:1244-1247. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1375105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrich Germing
- University Clinic for Hematology and Oncology, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annette Sauer
- Outpatient Clinics for Hematology and Oncology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bernd Lathan
- Outpatient Clinics for Hematology and Oncology, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Liersch
- Outpatient Clinics for Hematology and Oncology, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans Tesch
- Outpatient Clinics for Hematology and Oncology, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Jörg Heßling
- Outpatient Clinics for Hematology and Oncology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enno Moorahrend
- Outpatient Clinics for Hematology and Oncology, Porta Westfalica, Germany
| | - Jens Uhlig
- Outpatient Clinic for Hematology and Oncology, Naunhof, Germany
| | - Marcel Reiser
- Outpatient Clinics for Hematology and Oncology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roja Wahdat
- Outpatient Clinics for Hematology and Oncology, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Stephan Schmitz
- Outpatient Clinics for Hematology and Oncology, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Y, Dong L, Li J, Luo M, Shang B. Pentoxifylline induces apoptosis of HepG2 cells by reducing reactive oxygen species production and activating the MAPK signaling. Life Sci 2017; 183:60-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
9
|
Shirakami Y, Ohnishi M, Sakai H, Tanaka T, Shimizu M. Prevention of Colorectal Cancer by Targeting Obesity-Related Disorders and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050908. [PMID: 28445390 PMCID: PMC5454821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a major healthcare concern worldwide. Many experimental and clinical studies have been conducted to date to discover agents that help in the prevention of this disease. Chronic inflammation in colonic mucosa and obesity, and its related metabolic abnormalities, are considered to increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Therefore, treatments targeting these factors might be a promising strategy to prevent the development of colorectal cancer. Among a number of functional foods, various phytochemicals, including tea catechins, which have anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity properties, and medicinal agents that ameliorate metabolic disorders, might also be beneficial in the prevention of colorectal cancer. In this review article, we summarize the strategies for preventing colorectal cancer by targeting obesity-related disorders and inflammation through nutraceutical and pharmaceutical approaches, and discuss the mechanisms of several phytochemicals and medicinal drugs used in basic and clinical research, especially focusing on the effects of green tea catechins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Shirakami
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Masaya Ohnishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Hiroyasu Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Takuji Tanaka
- Department of Pathological Diagnosis, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan.
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|