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Ocaña-Paredes B, Rivera-Orellana S, Ramírez-Sánchez D, Montalvo-Guerrero J, Freire MP, Espinoza-Ferrao S, Altamirano-Colina A, Echeverría-Espinoza P, Ramos-Medina MJ, Echeverría-Garcés G, Granda-Moncayo D, Jácome-Alvarado A, Andrade MG, López-Cortés A. The pharmacoepigenetic paradigm in cancer treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1381168. [PMID: 38720770 PMCID: PMC11076712 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1381168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications, characterized by changes in gene expression without altering the DNA sequence, play a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer by significantly influencing gene activity and cellular function. This insight has led to the development of a novel class of therapeutic agents, known as epigenetic drugs. These drugs, including histone deacetylase inhibitors, histone acetyltransferase inhibitors, histone methyltransferase inhibitors, and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, aim to modulate gene expression to curb cancer growth by uniquely altering the epigenetic landscape of cancer cells. Ongoing research and clinical trials are rigorously evaluating the efficacy of these drugs, particularly their ability to improve therapeutic outcomes when used in combination with other treatments. Such combination therapies may more effectively target cancer and potentially overcome the challenge of drug resistance, a significant hurdle in cancer therapy. Additionally, the importance of nutrition, inflammation control, and circadian rhythm regulation in modulating drug responses has been increasingly recognized, highlighting their role as critical modifiers of the epigenetic landscape and thereby influencing the effectiveness of pharmacological interventions and patient outcomes. Epigenetic drugs represent a paradigm shift in cancer treatment, offering targeted therapies that promise a more precise approach to treating a wide spectrum of tumors, potentially with fewer side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy. This progress marks a step towards more personalized and precise interventions, leveraging the unique epigenetic profiles of individual tumors to optimize treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Ocaña-Paredes
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - David Ramírez-Sánchez
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - María Paula Freire
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | - María José Ramos-Medina
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabriela Echeverría-Garcés
- Centro de Referencia Nacional de Genómica, Secuenciación y Bioinformática, Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública “Leopoldo Izquieta Pérez”, Quito, Ecuador
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Andrea Jácome-Alvarado
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - María Gabriela Andrade
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Andrés López-Cortés
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
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Baylan B, Ulusoy K, Ekenci B, Kartal IG. Can systemic immune-inflammation index and hematologic parameters aid in decision-making for active surveillance or curative treatment in low-risk prostate cancer? Asian J Surg 2024; 47:1360-1365. [PMID: 38065745 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.11.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pathologic Gleason Score (GS) upgrading is common in patients with low-risk localized prostate cancer (PCa) who are followed by active surveillance (AS) or undergo radical prostatectomy (RP). This fact raises concerns about inadequate treatment, especially in AS patients. We aimed to analyze the association of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation (SII) index with GS upgrading. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University. Data of the patients who underwent RP for PCa at three different centers between 2018 and 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on GR upgrading status as "upgrading" and "non-upgrading". Among the patients who underwent RP, 77 patients who fully met the criteria for AS were identified. The patients eligible for AS were divided into "non-upgrading" and "upgrading" groups. These groups were compared regarding NLR, PLR, and SII index values. RESULTS Overall, data from 250 patients were reviewed. Among these, 147 had GS upgrading, while 103 had no upgrading. Seventy-seven patients were eligible for AS. Among these patients, 30 had upgrading, while 47 were in the "non-upgrading" group. Our analysis revealed that an NLR of 1.85 and above was associated with a 2.238-fold increase in the risk of GS upgrading (p = 0.009). Also, a PLR of 115.7 and above was affiliated with a 2.992-fold increase in the GS upgrading risk (p < 0.001). The analysis regarding patients who underwent RP but were eligible for AS revealed that an NLR of ≥1.68 was associated with a 3.25-fold risk increase in GS upgrading. On the other hand, a PLR≥134.5 and an SII index≥630.7 were affiliated with a 12.303-fold and 6.562-fold increase in the risk of upgrading (p = 0.019, p = 0.018). CONCLUSION The decision of AS should be carefully reappraised, and treatment methods such as RP or radiotherapy should be considered in patients with high NLR, PLR, or SII index values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burhan Baylan
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Department of Urology, Afyonkarahisar, Turkiye.
| | - Kemal Ulusoy
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Department of Urology, Afyonkarahisar, Turkiye.
| | - Berk Ekenci
- Department of Urology, Health Sciences University Diskapi Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye.
| | - Ibrahim Guven Kartal
- Kutahya Health Scıences Unıversıty Evlıya Çelebı Traınıng and Research Hospıtal Department of Urology, Kutahya, Turkiye.
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Jain S, Malhotra KPK, Patiyal S, Raghava GPS. A Highly Accurate Model for Screening Prostate Cancer Using Propensity Index Panel of Ten Genes. J Comput Biol 2023; 30:1305-1314. [PMID: 37917795 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2023.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Jain
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Kawal Preet Kaur Malhotra
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumeet Patiyal
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Gajendra Pal Singh Raghava
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Loizzo D, Pandolfo SD, Rogers D, Cerrato C, di Meo NA, Autorino R, Mirone V, Ferro M, Porta C, Stella A, Bizzoca C, Vincenti L, Spilotros M, Rutigliano M, Battaglia M, Ditonno P, Lucarelli G. Novel Insights into Autophagy and Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073826. [PMID: 35409187 PMCID: PMC8999129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a complex process involved in several cell activities, including tissue growth, differentiation, metabolic modulation, and cancer development. In prostate cancer, autophagy has a pivotal role in the regulation of apoptosis and disease progression. Several molecular pathways are involved, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR. However, depending on the cellular context, autophagy may play either a detrimental or a protective role in prostate cancer. For this purpose, current evidence has investigated how autophagy interacts within these complex interactions. In this article, we discuss novel findings about autophagic machinery in order to better understand the therapeutic response and the chemotherapy resistance of prostate cancer. Autophagic-modulation drugs have been employed in clinical trials to regulate autophagy, aiming to improve the response to chemotherapy or to anti-cancer treatments. Furthermore, the genetic signature of autophagy has been found to have a potential means to stratify prostate cancer aggressiveness. Unfortunately, stronger evidence is needed to better understand this field, and the application of these findings in clinical practice still remains poorly feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Loizzo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation–Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.L.); (N.A.d.M.); (M.S.); (M.R.); (M.B.); (P.D.)
- Division of Urology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (S.D.P.); (D.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Savio Domenico Pandolfo
- Division of Urology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (S.D.P.); (D.R.); (R.A.)
- Division of Urology, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80100 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Devin Rogers
- Division of Urology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (S.D.P.); (D.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Clara Cerrato
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;
| | - Nicola Antonio di Meo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation–Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.L.); (N.A.d.M.); (M.S.); (M.R.); (M.B.); (P.D.)
| | - Riccardo Autorino
- Division of Urology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (S.D.P.); (D.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Division of Urology, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80100 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy;
| | - Camillo Porta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Alessandro Stella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Cinzia Bizzoca
- Department of General Surgery “Ospedaliera”, Polyclinic Hospital of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.B.); (L.V.)
| | - Leonardo Vincenti
- Department of General Surgery “Ospedaliera”, Polyclinic Hospital of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.B.); (L.V.)
| | - Marco Spilotros
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation–Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.L.); (N.A.d.M.); (M.S.); (M.R.); (M.B.); (P.D.)
| | - Monica Rutigliano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation–Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.L.); (N.A.d.M.); (M.S.); (M.R.); (M.B.); (P.D.)
| | - Michele Battaglia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation–Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.L.); (N.A.d.M.); (M.S.); (M.R.); (M.B.); (P.D.)
| | - Pasquale Ditonno
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation–Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.L.); (N.A.d.M.); (M.S.); (M.R.); (M.B.); (P.D.)
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation–Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.L.); (N.A.d.M.); (M.S.); (M.R.); (M.B.); (P.D.)
- Correspondence: or
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Abstract
In liver transplant patients, solid tumors and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) have emerged as significant long-term mortality causes. Additionally, it is assumed that de novo malignancy (DNM) after liver transplantation (LT) is the second-leading cause of death after cardiovascular complications. Well-established risk factors for PTLD and solid tumors are calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), tacrolimus (TAC), and cyclosporine, the cornerstones of all immunosuppressive (IS) therapies used after LT. The loss of immunocompetence facilitated by the host immune system due to prolonged IS therapy leads to cancer development, including in LT patients. Hindering DNA repair mechanisms, promoting tumor cell invasiveness, and hampering apoptosis are critical events in tumorigenesis and tumor growth in LT patients resulting from IS administration. This paper aims to overview the refined mechanisms of IS-induced tumorigenesis after LT and the loss of immunocompetence facilitated by the host immune system due to prolonged IS therapy. In addition, we also discuss in detail the mechanisms of action in different types of IS regimen used after LT, and their putative effect on DNM.
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Altschuler J, Stockert JA, Kyprianou N. Non-Coding RNAs Set a New Phenotypic Frontier in Prostate Cancer Metastasis and Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042100. [PMID: 33672595 PMCID: PMC7924036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) mortality remains a significant public health problem, as advanced disease has poor survivability due to the development of resistance in response to both standard and novel therapeutic interventions. Therapeutic resistance is a multifaceted problem involving the interplay of a number of biological mechanisms including genetic, signaling, and phenotypic alterations, compounded by the contributions of a tumor microenvironment that supports tumor growth, invasiveness, and metastasis. The androgen receptor (AR) is a primary regulator of prostate cell growth, response and maintenance, and the target of most standard PCa therapies designed to inhibit AR from interacting with androgens, its native ligands. As such, AR remains the main driver of therapeutic response in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). While androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), in combination with microtubule-targeting taxane chemotherapy, offers survival benefits in patients with mCRPC, therapeutic resistance invariably develops, leading to lethal disease. Understanding the mechanisms underlying resistance is critical to improving therapeutic outcomes and also to the development of biomarker signatures of predictive value. The interconversions between epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) navigate the prostate tumor therapeutic response, and provide a novel targeting platform in overcoming therapeutic resistance. Both microRNA (miRNA)- and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-mediated mechanisms have been associated with epigenetic changes in prostate cancer. This review discusses the current evidence-based knowledge of the role of the phenotypic transitions and novel molecular determinants (non-coding RNAs) as contributors to the emergence of therapeutic resistance and metastasis and their integrated predictive value in prostate cancer progression to advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Altschuler
- Department of Urology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (J.A.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Jennifer A. Stockert
- Department of Urology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (J.A.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Natasha Kyprianou
- Department of Urology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (J.A.); (J.A.S.)
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Correspondence:
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Metabolic Reprogramming by Malat1 Depletion in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:cancers13010015. [PMID: 33375130 PMCID: PMC7801945 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in developed countries, being the second leading cause of cancer death among men. Surgery is the primary therapeutic option, but about one-third of patients develop a recurrence within ten years, for which successful therapy is unavailable. Based on these observations, it has become urgent to develop novel molecular tools for predicting clinical outcome. Here, we focus on one of the best characterized cancer-associated long non-coding transcripts, namely metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1). This study highlighted a novel role for MALAT1 as a controller of prostate cancer metabolism. MALAT1 silencing caused a metabolic rewire in both experimental models adopted, prostate cancer cell lines, and organotypic slice cultures derived from surgical specimens. PCa cells upon MALAT1 silencing revert their phenotype towards glycolysis, which is characteristic of normal prostate cells. In this regard, MALAT1 targeting may represent a promising diagnostic tool and a novel therapeutic option. Abstract The lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) promotes growth and progression in prostate cancer (PCa); however, little is known about its possible impact in PCa metabolism. The aim of this work has been the assessment of the metabolic reprogramming associated with MALAT1 silencing in human PCa cells and in an ex vivo model of organotypic slice cultures (OSCs). Cultured cells and OSCs derived from primary tumors were transfected with MALAT1 specific gapmers. Cell growth and survival, gene profiling, and evaluation of targeted metabolites and metabolic enzymes were assessed. Computational analysis was made considering expression changes occurring in metabolic markers following MALAT1 targeting in cultured OSCs. MALAT1 silencing reduced expression of some metabolic enzymes, including malic enzyme 3, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases 1 and 3, and choline kinase A. Consequently, PCa metabolism switched toward a glycolytic phenotype characterized by increased lactate production paralleled by growth arrest and cell death. Conversely, the function of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase and the expression of oxidative phosphorylation enzymes were markedly reduced. A similar effect was observed in OSCs. Based on this, a predictive algorithm was developed aimed to predict tumor recurrence in a subset of patients. MALAT1 targeting by gapmer delivery restored normal metabolic energy pathway in PCa cells and OSCs.
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Zhang M, Wang Y, Wang C, You Z, Chen S, Kong Q, Xu B, Liu C, Chen M. Association of Hsa-miR-23a rs3745453 variation with prostate cancer risk among Chinese Han population: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18523. [PMID: 31876746 PMCID: PMC6946362 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a frequently diagnosed malignant solid tumor in men. The etiology of PCa has been attributed to both environmental and genetic factors. In recent years, many studies have reported that miRNA gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influence the susceptibility to several diseases such as cancer. To date, the mechanisms of PCa have remained unknown. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the association between PCa susceptibility and miRNA gene SNPs. A total of 156 PCa cases and 188 control subjects were included in this case-control study. The data were collected from hospitalized cases. We collected the demographic characteristic information, which included age, body mass index, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, and family history of cancer. Polymorphisms were analyzed by the ligase detection reaction. Unconditional logistic and stratified analyses were used to analyze the association between these SNPs and PCa susceptibility and to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Cox regression model and the log-rank test were used to test the association between genetic variants and the overall survival. We found that miR-23a gene polymorphism rs3745453 carrying CC homozygotes had a 4.16-fold increased risk (95% CI = 1.30-13.25) than those carrying the TT/CT genotypes (P = .02), and the C allele displayed a higher prevalence of PCa than the T allele (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.16-2.45, P = .01). Moreover, miR-23a showed that the homozygous carriers of the C-variant significantly increased the risk of survival rate as compared to the carriers of the TT/CT genotype (OR = 9.67, 95% CI = 2.83-33.09, P = .001). The rs3745453 polymorphism was potentially associated with PCa in the Chinese Han population and had an interactive relationship with the environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhao Zhang
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University
| | - Yali Wang
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University
| | - Can Wang
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University
| | - Zonghao You
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University
| | | | - Qingfang Kong
- Department of Nosocomial, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Loiseau C, Cooper MM, Doolan DL. Deciphering host immunity to malaria using systems immunology. Immunol Rev 2019; 293:115-143. [PMID: 31608461 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A century of conceptual and technological advances in infectious disease research has changed the face of medicine. However, there remains a lack of effective interventions and a poor understanding of host immunity to the most significant and complex pathogens, including malaria. The development of successful interventions against such intractable diseases requires a comprehensive understanding of host-pathogen immune responses. A major advance of the past decade has been a paradigm switch in thinking from the contemporary reductionist (gene-by-gene or protein-by-protein) view to a more holistic (whole organism) view. Also, a recognition that host-pathogen immunity is composed of complex, dynamic interactions of cellular and molecular components and networks that cannot be represented by any individual component in isolation. Systems immunology integrates the field of immunology with omics technologies and computational sciences to comprehensively interrogate the immune response at a systems level. Herein, we describe the system immunology toolkit and report recent studies deploying systems-level approaches in the context of natural exposure to malaria or controlled human malaria infection. We contribute our perspective on the potential of systems immunity for the rational design and development of effective interventions to improve global public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Loiseau
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Qld, Australia
| | - Martha M Cooper
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Qld, Australia
| | - Denise L Doolan
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Qld, Australia
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Li W, Su ZY, Guo Y, Zhang C, Wu R, Gao L, Zheng X, Du ZY, Zhang K, Kong AN. Curcumin Derivative Epigenetically Reactivates Nrf2 Antioxidative Stress Signaling in Mouse Prostate Cancer TRAMP C1 Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:88-96. [PMID: 29228771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The carcinogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa) in TRAMP model is highly correlated with hypermethylation in the promoter region of Nrf2 and the accompanying reduced transcription of Nrf2 and its regulated detoxifying genes. We aimed to investigate the effects of (3E,5E)-3,5-bis-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-tetrahydro-thiopyran-4-one (F10) and (3E,5E)-3,5-bis-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzylidene)-tetrahydropyran-4-one (E10), two synthetic curcumin derivatives, on restoring Nrf2 activity in TRAMP C1 cells. HepG2-C8 cells transfected with an antioxidant-response element (ARE)-luciferase vector were treated with F10, E10, curcumin, and sulforaphane (SFN) to compare their effects on Nrf2-ARE pathways. We performed real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting to investigate the effects of F10 and E10 on Nrf2, correlated phase II detoxification genes. We also measured expression and activity of DNMTand HDAC enzymes. Enrichment of H3K27me3 on the promoter region of Nrf2 was explored with a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. Methylation of the CpG region in Nrf2 promoter was doubly examined by bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS) and methylation DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP). Compared with curcumin and SFN, F10 is more potent in activating Nrf2-ARE pathways. Both F10 and E10 enhanced level of Nrf2 and the correlated phase II detoxifying genes. BGS and MeDIP assays indicated that F10 but not E10 hypomethylated the Nrf2 promoter. F10 also downregulated the protein level of DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b, HDAC1, HDAC4, and HDAC7 and the activity of DNMTs and HDACs. F10 but not E10 effectively reduced the accumulation of H3k27me3 on the promoter of Nrf2. F10 and E10 can activate the Nrf2-ARE pathway and increase the level of Nrf2 and correlated phase II detoxification genes. The reactivation effect on Nrf2 by F10 in TRAMP C1 may come from demethylation, decrease of HDACs, and inhibition of H3k27me3 accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zheng-Yuan Su
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University , 200 Chung Pei Road, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan 32023, R.O.C
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Borque-Fernando Á, Rubio-Briones J, Esteban LM, Collado-Serra A, Pallás-Costa Y, López-González PÁ, Huguet-Pérez J, Sanz-Vélez JI, Gil-Fabra JM, Gómez-Gómez E, Quicios-Dorado C, Fumadó L, Martínez-Breijo S, Soto-Villalba J. The management of active surveillance in prostate cancer: validation of the Canary Prostate Active Surveillance Study risk calculator with the Spanish Urological Association Registry. Oncotarget 2017; 8:108451-108462. [PMID: 29312542 PMCID: PMC5752455 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The follow up of patients on active surveillance requires to repeat prostate biopsies. Predictive models that identify patients at low risk of progression or reclassification are essential to reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies. The aim of this study is to validate the Prostate Active Surveillance Study risk calculator (PASS-RC) in the multicentric Spanish Urological Association Registry of patients on active surveillance (AS), from common clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Borque-Fernando
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS-Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Rubio-Briones
- Department of Urology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Mariano Esteban
- Escuela Universitaria Politécnica de La Almunia, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jesús Manuel Gil-Fabra
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS-Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gómez
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, IMIBIC, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Lluis Fumadó
- Department of Urology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Martínez-Breijo
- Department of Urology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Juan Soto-Villalba
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain
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Stephan C, Jung K. Advances in Biomarkers for PCa Diagnostics and Prognostics-A Way towards Personalized Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102193. [PMID: 29053613 PMCID: PMC5666874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Stephan
- Department of Urology, Charité University Hospital, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Klaus Jung
- Department of Urology, Charité University Hospital, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
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