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Liu Y, Li Y, Wang A, Xu Z, Li C, Wang Z, Guo B, Chen Y, Tang F, Li J. Enhancing cold resistance in Banana (Musa spp.) through EMS-induced mutagenesis, L-Hyp pressure selection: phenotypic alterations, biomass composition, and transcriptomic insights. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:101. [PMID: 38331759 PMCID: PMC10854111 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04775-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cultivation of bananas encounters substantial obstacles, particularly due to the detrimental effects of cold stress on their growth and productivity. A potential remedy that has gained attention is the utilization of ethyl mesylate (EMS)-induced mutagenesis technology, which enables the creation of a genetically varied group of banana mutants. This complex procedure entails subjecting the mutants to further stress screening utilizing L-Hyp in order to identify those exhibiting improved resistance to cold. This study conducted a comprehensive optimization of the screening conditions for EMS mutagenesis and L-Hyp, resulting in the identification of the mutant cm784, which exhibited remarkable cold resistance. Subsequent investigations further elucidated the physiological and transcriptomic responses of cm784 to low-temperature stress. RESULTS EMS mutagenesis had a substantial effect on banana seedlings, resulting in modifications in shoot and root traits, wherein a majority of seedlings exhibited delayed differentiation and limited elongation. Notably, mutant leaves displayed altered biomass composition, with starch content exhibiting the most pronounced variation. The application of L-Hyp pressure selection aided in the identification of cold-resistant mutants among seedling-lethal phenotypes. The mutant cm784 demonstrated enhanced cold resistance, as evidenced by improved survival rates and reduced symptoms of chilling injury. Physiological analyses demonstrated heightened activities of antioxidant enzymes and increased proline production in cm784 when subjected to cold stress. Transcriptome analysis unveiled 946 genes that were differentially expressed in cm784, with a notable enrichment in categories related to 'Carbohydrate transport and metabolism' and 'Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport, and catabolism'. CONCLUSION The present findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the heightened cold resistance observed in banana mutants. These mechanisms encompass enhanced carbohydrate metabolism and secondary metabolite biosynthesis, thereby emphasizing the adaptive strategies employed to mitigate the detrimental effects induced by cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya/Haikou, Hainan, 572024/571101, China
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yujia Li
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya/Haikou, Hainan, 572024/571101, China
- Hainan Banana Healthy Seedling Propagation Engineering Research Center, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Anbang Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya/Haikou, Hainan, 572024/571101, China
- Hainan Banana Healthy Seedling Propagation Engineering Research Center, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Zhuye Xu
- Hainan Banana Healthy Seedling Propagation Engineering Research Center, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
- College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Chunfang Li
- Collage of Tropical Crop, Yunnan Agricultural University, Puer, 611101, Yunnan, China
| | - Zuo Wang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Borui Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya/Haikou, Hainan, 572024/571101, China
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Collage of Tropical Crop, Yunnan Agricultural University, Puer, 611101, Yunnan, China
| | - Fenling Tang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya/Haikou, Hainan, 572024/571101, China
- Hainan Banana Healthy Seedling Propagation Engineering Research Center, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Jingyang Li
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya/Haikou, Hainan, 572024/571101, China.
- Hainan Banana Healthy Seedling Propagation Engineering Research Center, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China.
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Luo L, Molthoff J, Li Q, Liu Y, Luo S, Li N, Xuan S, Wang Y, Shen S, Bovy AG, Zhao J, Chen X. Identification of candidate genes associated with less-photosensitive anthocyanin phenotype using an EMS mutant ( pind) in eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1282661. [PMID: 38169942 PMCID: PMC10758619 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1282661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a highly nutritious and economically important vegetable crop. However, the fruit peel of eggplant often shows poor coloration owing to low-light intensity during cultivation, especially in the winter. The less-photosensitive varieties produce anthocyanin in low light or even dark conditions, making them valuable breeding materials. Nevertheless, genes responsible for anthocyanin biosynthesis in less-photosensitive eggplant varieties are not characterized. In this study, an EMS mutant, named purple in the dark (pind), was used to identify the key genes responsible for less-photosensitive coloration. Under natural conditions, the peel color and anthocyanin content in pind fruits were similar to that of wildtype '14-345'. The bagged pind fruits were light purple, whereas those of '14-345' were white; and the anthocyanin content in the pind fruit peel was significantly higher than that in '14-345'. Genetic analysis revealed that the less-photosensitive trait was controlled by a single dominant gene. The candidate gene was mapped on chromosome 10 in the region 7.72 Mb to 11.71 Mb. Thirty-five differentially expressed genes, including 12 structural genes, such as CHS, CHI, F3H, DFR, ANS, and UFGT, and three transcription factors MYB113, GL3, and TTG2, were identified in pind using RNA-seq. Four candidate genes EGP21875 (myb domain protein 113), EGP21950 (unknown protein), EGP21953 (CAAX amino-terminal protease family protein), and EGP21961 (CAAX amino-terminal protease family protein) were identified as putative genes associated with less-photosensitive anthocyanin biosynthesis in pind. These findings may clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying less-photosensitive anthocyanin biosynthesis in eggplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, International Joint R & D Center of Hebei Province in Modern Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jos Molthoff
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, International Joint R & D Center of Hebei Province in Modern Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Shuangxia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, International Joint R & D Center of Hebei Province in Modern Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, International Joint R & D Center of Hebei Province in Modern Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shuxin Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, International Joint R & D Center of Hebei Province in Modern Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, International Joint R & D Center of Hebei Province in Modern Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shuxing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, International Joint R & D Center of Hebei Province in Modern Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Arnaud G. Bovy
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, International Joint R & D Center of Hebei Province in Modern Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, International Joint R & D Center of Hebei Province in Modern Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Deivanai S, Sng BJR, Van Vu K, Shibu TSM, Jang IC, Ramachandran S. EMS-induced mutagenesis in Choy sum (Brassica chinensis var. parachinensis) and selection for low light tolerance using abiotic stress indices. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:581. [PMID: 37985970 PMCID: PMC10662144 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Choy Sum (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis var. parachinensis), grown in a controlled environment, is vulnerable to changes in indoor light quality and displays distinct photo-morphogenesis responses. The scarcity of Choy Sum germplasm for indoor cultivation necessitates the development of new cultivars. Hence, this study attempted to develop mutants through chemical mutagenesis and select low-light-tolerant mutants by using abiotic stress tolerance indices. RESULTS A mutant population of Choy Sum created using 1.5% ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) at 4 h was manually pollinated to obtain the M2 generation. 154 mutants with reduced hypocotyl length were initially isolated from 3600 M2 seedlings screened under low light (R: FR = 0.5). Five mutants that showed reduced plant height at mature stages were selected and screened directly for shade tolerance in the M3 generation. Principal component analysis based on phenotypic data distinguished the M3 mutants from the wild type. Abiotic stress tolerance indices such as relative stress index (RSI), stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), yield stability index (YSI), and stress resistance index (SRI) showed significant (P < 0.05), and positive associations with leaf yield under shade. M3-12-2 was selected as a shade-tolerant mutant based on high values of STI, YSI, and SRI with low values for tolerance (TOL) and stress susceptibility index (SSI). CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that mutation breeding can be used to create dominant mutants in Choy Sum. Furthermore, we show that screening for low light and selection based on abiotic tolerance indices allowed the identification of mutants with high resilience under shade. This method should apply to developing new cultivars in other crop plants that can be suitable for controlled environments with stable yield performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanian Deivanai
- School of Applied Sciences, Republic Polytechnic, 9 Woodlands Ave 9, Singapore, 738964 , Singapore.
| | - Benny Jian Rong Sng
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited, Research Link, National University Singapore, Buona Vista, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
| | - Kien Van Vu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited, Research Link, National University Singapore, Buona Vista, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
| | - Thankaraj Salammal Maria Shibu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited, Research Link, National University Singapore, Buona Vista, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
| | - In-Cheol Jang
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited, Research Link, National University Singapore, Buona Vista, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
| | - Srinivasan Ramachandran
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited, Research Link, National University Singapore, Buona Vista, Singapore, 117604, Singapore.
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Lu Y, Yu Y, Xuan Y, Kari A, Yang C, Wang C, Zhang C, Gu W, Wang H, Hu Y, Sun P, Guan Y, Si W, Bai B, Zhang X, Xu Y, Prasanna BM, Shi B, Zheng H. Integrative transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the mechanisms of light-induced pigmentation in purple waxy maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1203284. [PMID: 37649997 PMCID: PMC10465178 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1203284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Waxy maize, mainly consumed at the immature stage, is a staple and vegetable food in Asia. The pigmentation in the kernel of purple waxy maize enhances its nutritional and market values. Light, a critical environmental factor, affects anthocyanin biosynthesis and results in pigmentation in different parts of plants, including in the kernel. SWL502 is a light-sensitive waxy maize inbred line with purple kernel color, but the regulatory mechanism of pigmentation in the kernel resulting in purple color is still unknown. Methods In this study, cyanidin, peonidin, and pelargonidin were identified as the main anthocyanin components in SWL502, evaluated by the ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method. Investigation of pigment accumulation in the kernel of SWL502 was performed at 12, 17, and 22 days after pollination (DAP) under both dark and light treatment conditions via transcriptome and metabolome analyses. Results Dark treatment affected genes and metabolites associated with metabolic pathways of amino acid, carbohydrate, lipid, and galactose, biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid and terpenoid backbone, and ABC transporters. The expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes, such as 4CL2, CHS, F3H, and UGT, was reduced under dark treatment. Dynamic changes were identified in genes and metabolites by time-series analysis. The genes and metabolites involved in photosynthesis and purine metabolism were altered in light treatment, and the expression of genes and metabolites associated with carotenoid biosynthesis, sphingolipid metabolism, MAPK signaling pathway, and plant hormone signal transduction pathway were induced by dark treatment. Light treatment increased the expression level of major transcription factors such as LRL1, myc7, bHLH125, PIF1, BH093, PIL5, MYBS1, and BH074 in purple waxy maize kernels, while dark treatment greatly promoted the expression level of transcription factors RVE6, MYB4, MY1R1, and MYB145. Discussion This study is the first report to investigate the effects of light on waxy maize kernel pigmentation and the underlying mechanism at both transcriptome and metabolome levels, and the results from this study are valuable for future research to better understand the effects of light on the regulation of plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lu
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialty Maize, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Yu
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialty Maize, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfang Xuan
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ayiguli Kari
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialty Maize, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Caixia Yang
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialty Maize, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialty Maize, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialty Maize, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialty Maize, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialty Maize, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingxiong Hu
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialty Maize, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingdong Sun
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialty Maize, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Guan
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialty Maize, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenshuai Si
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Bai
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuecai Zhang
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Yunbi Xu
- CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Biao Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjian Zheng
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialty Maize, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
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Chen Y, Kim P, Kong L, Wang X, Tan W, Liu X, Chen Y, Yang J, Chen B, Song Y, An Z, Min Phyon J, Zhang Y, Ding B, Kawabata S, Li Y, Wang Y. A dual-function transcription factor, SlJAF13, promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis in tomato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:5559-5580. [PMID: 35552695 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Unlike modern tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivars, cv. LA1996 harbors the dominant Aft allele, which is associated with anthocyanin synthesis in tomato fruit peel. However, the control of Aft anthocyanin biosynthesis remains unclear. Here, we used ethyl methanesulfonate-induced and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation of LA1996 to show, respectively, that two class IIIf basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, SlJAF13 and SlAN1, are involved in the control of anthocyanin synthesis. These transcription factors are key components of the MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) complex, which positively regulates anthocyanin synthesis. Molecular and genetic analyses showed that SlJAF13 functions as an upstream activation factor of SlAN1 by binding directly to the G-Box motif of its promoter region. On the other hand, SlJAZ2, a JA signaling repressor, interferes with formation of the MBW complex to suppress anthocyanin synthesis by directly binding these two bHLH components. Unexpectedly, the transcript level of SlJAZ2 was in turn repressed in a SlJAF13-dependent manner. Mechanistically, SlJAF13 interacts with SlMYC2, inhibiting SlMYC2 activation of SlJAZ2 transcription, thus constituting a negative feedback loop governing anthocyanin accumulation. Taken together, our findings support a sophisticated regulatory network, in which SlJAF13 acts as an upstream dual-function regulator that fine tunes anthocyanin biosynthesis in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Pyol Kim
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Lingzhe Kong
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Horticultural Sub-academy of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuansen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jianfei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Bowei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuxin Song
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zeyu An
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jong Min Phyon
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Bing Ding
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Saneyuki Kawabata
- Institute for Sustainable Agroecosystem Services, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Midoricho, Nishitokyo, Tokyo, 188-0002, Japan
| | - Yuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Development of Novel Markers and Creation of Non-Anthocyanin and Anthocyanin-Rich Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) Cultivars. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12126267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In broccoli, anthocyanin pigments can be accumulated in the flower bud epidermis, resulting in a purple-green head. This study aimed to create non-anthocyanin green broccoli varieties and anthocyanin-rich purple broccoli varieties using new F3′H and Pur7.1-K1 molecular markers, respectively. The breeding program started with crosses of the recipient (superior variety and line) LF02 line with the donor line SN60 carrying the recessive allele f3′h and the donor line BT126 carrying the dominant allele Pur7.1. The F1 hybrids were confirmed with molecular markers and backcrossed with the recurrent parent LF02, followed by cycles of foreground and background selection at each stage. A total of 161 green plants with the f3′hf3′h genotype and 152 purple plants with the Pur7.1Pur7.1 genotype were selected from the BC3F2 line. Among these, 34 green plants and 28 purple plants demonstrated >85% background recovery. The identified plants were selfed to obtain 301 green and 416 purple BC3F3 plants for assessment of major agronomic traits. After these investigations, two green broccoli lines without anthocyanin and three anthocyanin-rich purple lines with the best yield/quality characteristics were obtained. The development of these lines might help provide basic materials and the theoretical basis for breeding commercial broccoli varieties.
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Yang J, Song HD, Chen Y, Chen B, Kim M, Kim P, Kawabata S, Li Y, Wang Y. A single amino acid substitution in the R2R3 conserved domain of the BrPAP1a transcription factor impairs anthocyanin production in turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 162:124-136. [PMID: 33676299 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The purple pigmentation in the epidermis of swollen roots of 'Tsuda' turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) is induced by light, providing a good system to investigate the genetic mechanism of light-dependent anthocyanin biosynthesis in B. rapa. Here, we identified the R2R3 MYB transcription factor gene PRODUCTION OF ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENT1 (BrPAP1a) as the critical gene in the anthocyanin-defective mutant w68. A nucleotide mutation in the turn region of the R3 domain was screened, which caused an amino acid substitution from glycine to serine (G94S). Functional analysis showed that the interaction of BrPAP1a with two bHLH factors ENHANCER OF GLABRA 3 (BrEGL3) and TRANSPARENT TESTA 8 (BrTT8) were impaired by the mutation. Expression of BrTT8 was activated by BrPAP1a and enhanced by MYB-bHLH-WDR (MBW) complexes, but blocked by the mutation. Furthermore, BrPAP1a directly bound the MYB-recognizing element (MRE) in the BrTT8 promoter, while the G94S substitution caused a loss of DNA-binding activity. Our findings indicate that G94 is required for protein interaction with BrTT8 and BrEGL3 and DNA-binding of BrPAP1a to activate BrTT8 expression, which leads to anthocyanin biosynthesis. Collectively, our data indicate the importance of the highly conserved amino acids within R2R3 MYB proteins in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis and could aid programs to increase anthocyanins in turnip roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Hyon Dok Song
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Yunzhu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Bowei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Minjun Kim
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Pyol Kim
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Saneyuki Kawabata
- Institute for Sustainable Agroecosystem Services, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Midoricho, Nishitokyo, Tokyo, 188-0002, Japan.
| | - Yuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Validation of barley 2OGO gene as a functional orthologue of Arabidopsis DMR6 gene in Fusarium head blight susceptibility. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9935. [PMID: 32555281 PMCID: PMC7303206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum (Fg) is a devastating disease of crops, especially wheat and barley, resulting in significant yield loss and reduced grain quality. Fg infection leads to the production of mycotoxins, whose consumption is toxic to humans and livestock. The Arabidopsis DMR6 gene encodes a putative 2-oxoglutarate Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase (2OGO) and has been identified as a susceptibility factor to downy mildew. We generated site-specific mutations in Arabidopsis At2OGO by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. The resulting At2OGO knock-out (KO) mutants display enhanced resistance to Fg in a detached inflorescence infection assay. Expression profiling of defense genes revealed that impairment of At2OGO function resulted in the upregulation of defense genes that are regulated by salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) pathways. Complementation of the At2OGO-KO lines with a barley (cv. Conlon) orthologue, Hv2OGO, restored susceptibility to Fg. This result indicates that the Hv2OGO gene is functionally equivalent to its Arabidopsis counterpart and, hence, may have a similar role in conditioning susceptibility to FHB in barley. These results provide a molecular basis for proposing 2OGO as a plant immunity suppressor in Arabidopsis and potentially in barley plants and establish a rationale and strategy for enhancing FHB resistance in barley.
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Liu C, Yao X, Li G, Huang L, Xie Z. Transcriptomic profiling of purple broccoli reveals light-induced anthocyanin biosynthetic signaling and structural genes. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8870. [PMID: 32411510 PMCID: PMC7207213 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purple Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var italica) attracts growing attention as a functional food. Its purple coloration is due to high anthocyanin amounts. Light represents a critical parameter affecting anthocyanins biosynthesis. In this study, 'Purple Broccoli', a light-responding pigmentation cultivar, was assessed for exploring the mechanism underlying light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis by RNA-Seq. Cyanidin, delphinidin and malvidin derivatives were detected in broccoli head samples. Shading assays and RNA-seq analysis identified the flower head as more critical organ compared with leaves. Anthocyanin levels were assessed at 0, 7 and 11 days, respectively, with further valuation by RNA-seq under head-shading and light conditions. RNA sequences were de novo assembled into 50,329 unigenes, of which 38,701 were annotated against four public protein databases. Cluster analysis demonstrated that anthocyanin/phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis in cluster 8 were the main metabolic pathways regulated by light and had showed associations with flower head growth. A total of 2,400 unigenes showed differential expression between the light and head-shading groups in cluster 8, including 650 co-expressed, 373 specifically expressed under shading conditions and 1,377 specifically expressed under normal light. Digital gene expression (DGE) analysis demonstrated that light perception and the signal transducers CRY3 and HY5 may control anthocyanin accumulation. Following shading, 15 structural genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis were downregulated, including PAL, C4H, 4CL, CHS, CHI, F3H and DFR. Moreover, six BoMYB genes (BoMYB6-1, BoMYB6-2, BoMYB6-3, BoMYB6-4, BoMYBL2-1 and BoMYBL2-2) and three BobHLH genes (BoTT8_5-1, BoTT8_5-2 and BoEGL5-3) were critical transcription factors controlling anthocyanin accumulation under light conditions. Based on these data, a light-associated anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in Broccoli was proposed. This information could help improve broccoli properties, providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underpinning light-associated anthocyanin production in purple vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Liu
- Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Horticulture, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqin Yao
- Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Horticulture, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangqing Li
- Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Horticulture, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Huang
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhujie Xie
- Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Horticulture, Shanghai, China
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