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Lofaro FD, Costa S, Simone ML, Quaglino D, Boraldi F. Fibroblasts' secretome from calcified and non-calcified dermis in Pseudoxanthoma elasticum differently contributes to elastin calcification. Commun Biol 2024; 7:577. [PMID: 38755434 PMCID: PMC11099146 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a rare disease characterized by ectopic calcification, however, despite the widely spread effect of pro/anti-calcifying systemic factors associated with this genetic metabolic condition, it is not known why elastic fibers in the same patient are mainly fragmented or highly mineralized in clinically unaffected (CUS) and affected (CAS) skin, respectively. Cellular morphology and secretome are investigated in vitro in CUS and CAS fibroblasts. Here we show that, compared to CUS, CAS fibroblasts exhibit: a) differently distributed and organized focal adhesions and stress fibers; b) modified cell-matrix interactions (i.e., collagen gel retraction); c) imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases; d) differentially expressed pro- and anti-calcifying proteoglycans and elastic-fibers associated glycoproteins. These data emphasize that in the development of pathologic mineral deposition fibroblasts play an active role altering the stability of elastic fibers and of the extracellular matrix milieu creating a local microenvironment guiding the level of matrix remodeling at an extent that may lead to degradation (in CUS) or to degradation and calcification (in CAS) of the elastic component. In conclusion, this study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms of the mineral deposition that can be also associated with several inherited or age-related diseases (e.g., diabetes, atherosclerosis, chronic kidney diseases).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia Costa
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Simone
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniela Quaglino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Federica Boraldi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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2
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Santos DD, Belote NM, Sasso GRS, Correia-Silva RD, Franco PC, da Silva Neto AF, Borges FT, Oyama LM, Gil CD. Effect of modified citrus pectin on galectin-3 inhibition in cisplatin-induced cardiac and renal toxicity. Toxicology 2024; 504:153786. [PMID: 38522819 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of pharmacological inhibition of galectin 3 (Gal-3) with modified citrus pectin (MCP) on the heart and kidney in a model of cisplatin-induced acute toxicity. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 6/group): SHAM, which received sterile saline intraperitoneally (i.p.) for three days; CIS, which received cisplatin i.p. (10 mg/kg/day) for three days; MCP, which received MCP orally (100 mg/kg/day) for seven days, followed by sterile saline i.p. for three days; MCP+CIS, which received MCP orally for seven days followed by cisplatin i.p. for three days. The blood, heart, and kidneys were collected six hours after the last treatment. MCP treatment did not change Gal-3 protein levels in the blood and heart, but it did reduce them in the kidneys of the MCP groups compared to the SHAM group. While no morphological changes were evident in the cardiac tissue, increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and deregulation of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system were observed in the heart homogenates of the MCP+CIS group. Cisplatin administration caused acute tubular degeneration in the kidneys; the MCP+CIS group also showed increased MDA levels. In conclusion, MCP therapy in the acute model of cisplatin-induced toxicity increases oxidative stress in cardiac and renal tissues. Further investigations are needed to determine the beneficial and harmful roles of Gal-3 in the cardiorenal system since it can act differently in acute and chronic diseases/conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego D Santos
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Nycole M Belote
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Gisela R S Sasso
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Rebeca D Correia-Silva
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo C Franco
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04023-900, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda T Borges
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP 04038-901, Brazil
| | - Lila M Oyama
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Cristiane D Gil
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04023-900, Brazil.
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Kim JH, Noh HM, Song HJ, Lee S, Kim SG, Kim JK. Mediating effect of vascular calcification in galectin-3-related mortality in hemodialysis patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:939. [PMID: 38195853 PMCID: PMC10776847 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 levels have been studied as a potential biomarker for predicting cardiovascular (CV) risk and mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Recently, a close relationship between galectin-3 and vascular calcification (VC) has been reported. Here, we investigated the role of VC as a mediating factor in the association between galectin-3 and mortality. Serum galectin-3 and baseline aortic arch calcification (AoAC) score were measured in 477 incident HD patients. Mortality data were obtained at a median follow-up of 40 months. Causal mediation analysis was performed to examine the effect of vascular risk factors on galectin-3-related mortality. The prevalence of AoAC in HD patients was 57% (n = 272), and elevated galectin-3 levels were associated with a significantly increased risk of AoAC. When the galectin-3 level was divided by the median level of 37 ng/mL, a higher galectin group increased the risk of all-cause mortality by 1.71-fold (95% CI 1.02-2.92, p = 0.048), even after adjustment for multiple CV risk factors. Mediation analysis showed that both the direct effect of the galectin-3 on mortality (β = 0.0368, bootstrapped 95% CI [0.0113-0.0622]) and the indirect effects were significant. AoAC score and high-sensitivity CRP levels significantly mediated the association between galectin-3 and mortality (total indirect effects: β = 0.0188, bootstrapped 95% CI [0.0066-0.0352]). This study suggests that the association between high galectin-3 and mortality may be partially mediated by higher VC and inflammatory state in HD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hwan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Kidney Research Institute, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Pyungan-dong, Dongan-gu, Anyang, 431-070, Korea
| | - Hye-Mi Noh
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hong Ji Song
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Sion Lee
- Department of Statistics and Institute of Statistics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sung Gyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Kidney Research Institute, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Pyungan-dong, Dongan-gu, Anyang, 431-070, Korea
| | - Jwa-Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Kidney Research Institute, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Pyungan-dong, Dongan-gu, Anyang, 431-070, Korea.
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4
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Bouffette S, Botez I, De Ceuninck F. Targeting galectin-3 in inflammatory and fibrotic diseases. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2023; 44:519-531. [PMID: 37391294 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Galectin (Gal)-3 is a β-galactoside-binding lectin emerging as a key player in cardiac, hepatic, renal, and pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation, respiratory infections caused by COVID-19, and neuroinflammatory disorders. Here, we review recent information highlighting Gal-3 as a relevant therapeutic target in these specific disease conditions. While a causal link was difficult to establish until now, we discuss how recent strategic breakthroughs allowed us to identify new-generation Gal-3 inhibitors with improved potency, selectivity, and bioavailability, and report their usefulness as valuable tools for proof-of-concept studies in various preclinical models of the aforementioned diseases, with emphasis on those actually in clinical stages. We also address critical views and suggestions intended to expand the therapeutic opportunities provided by this complex target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena Bouffette
- Servier, Neurology and Immuno-inflammation Therapeutic Area, Servier R&D Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Orsay, France
| | - Iuliana Botez
- Servier, Drug Design Small Molecules Unit, Servier R&D Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric De Ceuninck
- Servier, Neurology and Immuno-inflammation Therapeutic Area, Servier R&D Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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5
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Serum and Vascular Stiffness Biomarkers Associated with the Severity of Degenerative Aortic Valve Stenosis and Cardiovascular Outcomes. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9060193. [PMID: 35735822 PMCID: PMC9225443 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9060193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although degenerative aortic valve stenosis (DAS) is the most prevalent growth-up congestive heart valve disease, still little known about relationships between DAS severity, vascular stiffness (VS), echocardiographic parameters, and serum biomarkers in patients undergoing transcatheter (TAVR) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). The objective of this study was to identify biomarkers associated with DAS severity, and those that are associated with cardiovascular death (CVD) and episodes of chronic heart failure (CHF) exacerbation. Methods: A total of 137 patients with initially moderate-to-severe DAS were prospectively evaluated for the relationship between DAS severity, baseline VS, and serum biomarkers (uPAR, GDF-15, Gal-3, IL-6Rα, ET-1, PCSK9, RANTES/CCL5, NT-proBNP, and hs-TnT), and were followed-up for 48 months. The prognostic significance of each variable for CVD and CHF risk was measured by hazard ratio of risk (HR), which was calculated by Cox’s proportional hazard model. Results: DAS severity showed correlations with IL-6Rα (r = 0.306, p < 0.001), uPAR (r = 0.184, p = 0.032), and NT-proBNP (r = −0.389, p < 0.001). Levels of ET-1 and Gal-3 were strongly correlated with VS parameters (r = 0.674, p < 0.001; r = 0.724, p < 0.001). Out of 137 patients, 20 were referred to TAVR, 88 to SAVR, and 29 to OMT. In TAVR patients, the highest levels of ET-1, Gal-3, and VS were found as compared to other patients. The highest incidence of CVD was observed in patients who underwent TAVR (35%), compared to SAVR (8%) and OMT (10.3%) (p = 0.004). In a multivariate analysis, ET-1 occurred predictive of CVD risk (HR 25.1, p = 0.047), while Gal-3 > 11.5 ng/mL increased the risk of CHF exacerbation episodes requiring hospital admission by 12%. Conclusions: Our study indicated that ET-1 and Gal-3 levels may be associated with the outcomes in patients with DAS.
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Boxhammer E, Berezin AE, Paar V, Bacher N, Topf A, Pavlov S, Hoppe UC, Lichtenauer M. Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Systematic Review of Non-Invasive Ways of Risk Stratification, Especially in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040603. [PMID: 35455719 PMCID: PMC9026430 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with severe aortic valve stenosis and concomitant pulmonary hypertension show a significantly reduced survival prognosis. Right heart catheterization as a preoperative diagnostic tool to determine pulmonary hypertension has been largely abandoned in recent years in favor of echocardiographic criteria. Clinically, determination of echocardiographically estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure falls far short of invasive right heart catheterization data in terms of accuracy. The aim of the present systematic review was to highlight noninvasive possibilities for the detection of pulmonary hypertension in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis, with a special focus on cardiovascular biomarkers. A total of 525 publications regarding echocardiography, cardiovascular imaging and biomarkers related to severe aortic valve stenosis and pulmonary hypertension were analyzed in a systematic database analysis using PubMed Central®. Finally, 39 publications were included in the following review. It was shown that the current scientific data situation, especially regarding cardiovascular biomarkers as non-invasive diagnostic tools for the determination of pulmonary hypertension in severe aortic valve stenosis patients, is poor. Thus, there is a great scientific potential to combine different biomarkers (biomarker scores) in a non-invasive way to determine the presence or absence of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Boxhammer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.); (V.P.); (N.B.); (A.T.); (U.C.H.)
| | - Alexander E. Berezin
- Internal Medicine Department, State Medical University of Zaporozhye, 69035 Zaporozhye, Ukraine;
| | - Vera Paar
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.); (V.P.); (N.B.); (A.T.); (U.C.H.)
| | - Nina Bacher
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.); (V.P.); (N.B.); (A.T.); (U.C.H.)
| | - Albert Topf
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.); (V.P.); (N.B.); (A.T.); (U.C.H.)
| | - Sergii Pavlov
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, State Medical University of Zaporozhye, 69035 Zaporozhye, Ukraine;
| | - Uta C. Hoppe
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.); (V.P.); (N.B.); (A.T.); (U.C.H.)
| | - Michael Lichtenauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.); (V.P.); (N.B.); (A.T.); (U.C.H.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Luo J, Wang S, Liu X, Zheng Q, Wang Z, Huang Y, Shi J. Galectin-3 promotes calcification of human aortic valve interstitial cells via the NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2022; 12:196-207. [PMID: 35433352 PMCID: PMC9011093 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-21-506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is an active pathobiological process that takes place at the cellular and molecular levels. It involves fibrosis and calcification of aortic valve leaflets, which eventually contributes to heart failure. Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a β-galactoside-binding lectin, is involved in myocardial fibrosis and remodeling. Our study aimed to explore how Gal-3 promoted the osteogenic differentiation of human aortic valve interstitial cells (hVICs) along with elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS To determine the Gal-3 expression in this study, we included the blood samples and aortic valves (AVs) from patients with CAVD (n=20) and normal controls (n=20). The hVICs were stimulated by Osteogenic medium (OM) and were treated with or without recombinant human Gal-3. Calcified transformation of hVICs was assessed by Alizarin Red S staining and osteogenic gene/protein expression. RNA-sequencing was performed for all different treatments to investigate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) along with exploring the enriched pathways for potential molecular targets of Gal-3. The targets were further detected using Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Gal-3 levels were found to be significantly increased in CAVD patients. Treatment of valve interstitial cells (VICs) with Gal-3 led to a marked increase in Runx2 and ALP-mRNA/protein expression levels as well as calcification. Gene expression profiles of hVICs cultured with or without Gal-3 revealed 79 upregulated genes and 82 down-regulated genes, which were highly enriched in TNF and NF-κB signaling pathways. Furthermore, Gal-3 could activate the phosphorylation of IκBα and interfere with the translocation of p65 into the cell nucleus of hVICs. However, inhibition of this pathway can suppress the osteogenic differentiation by Gal-3. CONCLUSIONS Gal-3 acts as a positive regulator of osteogenic differentiation by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway in hVICs. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the critical role of Gal-3 in the CAVD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuming Huang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiawei Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Pedrosa LDF, Raz A, Fabi JP. The Complex Biological Effects of Pectin: Galectin-3 Targeting as Potential Human Health Improvement? Biomolecules 2022; 12:289. [PMID: 35204790 PMCID: PMC8961642 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 is the only chimeric representative of the galectin family. Although galectin-3 has ubiquitous regulatory and physiological effects, there is a great number of pathological environments where galectin-3 cooperatively participates. Pectin is composed of different chemical structures, such as homogalacturonans, rhamnogalacturonans, and side chains. The study of pectin's major structural aspects is fundamental to predicting the impact of pectin on human health, especially regarding distinct molecular modulation. One of the explored pectin's biological activities is the possible galectin-3 protein regulation. The present review focuses on revealing the structure/function relationship of pectins, their fragments, and their biological effects. The discussion highlighted by this review shows different effects described within in vitro and in vivo experimental models, with interesting and sometimes contradictory results, especially regarding galectin-3 interaction. The review demonstrates that pectins are promissory food-derived molecules for different bioactive functions. However, galectin-3 inhibition by pectin had been stated in literature before, although it is not a fully understood, experimentally convincing, and commonly agreed issue. It is demonstrated that more studies focusing on structural analysis and its relation to the observed beneficial effects, as well as substantial propositions of cause and effect alongside robust data, are needed for different pectin molecules' interactions with galectin-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas de Freitas Pedrosa
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Avraham Raz
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
| | - João Paulo Fabi
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508000, SP, Brazil;
- Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508080, SP, Brazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC), CEPID-FAPESP (Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo 05508080, SP, Brazil
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9
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Masbuchin AN, Rohman MS, Liu PY. Role of Glycosylation in Vascular Calcification. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9829. [PMID: 34575990 PMCID: PMC8469761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is an important step in post-translational protein modification. Altered glycosylation results in an abnormality that causes diseases such as malignancy and cardiovascular diseases. Recent emerging evidence highlights the importance of glycosylation in vascular calcification. Two major types of glycosylation, N-glycosylation and O-glycosylation, are involved in vascular calcification. Other glycosylation mechanisms, which polymerize the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain onto protein, resulting in proteoglycan (PG), also have an impact on vascular calcification. This paper discusses the role of glycosylation in vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainun Nizar Masbuchin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70457, Taiwan;
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65111, Indonesia;
| | - Mohammad Saifur Rohman
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65111, Indonesia;
| | - Ping-Yen Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70457, Taiwan;
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
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Preprocedural circulating galectin-3 and the risk of mortality after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:226344. [PMID: 32893848 PMCID: PMC7494980 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Galectin-3 may predict mortality for patients with aortic stenosis (AS) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). However, the results were inconsistent. We aimed to evaluate the association between baseline galectin and mortality after TAVR in a meta-analysis. Methods: Related follow-up studies were obtained by systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane’s Library, and Embase databases. Both the fixed- and the random-effect models were used for the meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the influences of study characteristics on the outcome. Results: Five prospective cohort studies with 854 patients were included, with a follow-up period between 1 and 1.9 years. Patients with higher baseline circulating galectin-3 had an increased risk of all-cause mortality after TAVR (random-effects model: risk ratio [RR]: 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–2.23, P=0.002; fixed-effects model: RR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.19–2.20, P=0.002; I2 = 4%). Adjustment of estimated glomerular filtration rate (RR: 1.73, P=0.02) or B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) or N-terminal pro-BNP (RR: 1.83, P=0.02) did not significantly affect the result. A trend of stronger association between higher baseline circulating galectin-3 and increased risk of all-cause mortality after TAVR was observed in studies with an enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (ELFA) (RR: 3.04, P=0.003) compared with those with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (RR: 1.42, P=0.04; P for subgroup difference =0.06). Conclusion: Higher circulating galectin-3 before the procedure may predict all-cause mortality of AS patients after TAVR.
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11
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Matilla L, Arrieta V, Jover E, Garcia-Peña A, Martinez-Martinez E, Sadaba R, Alvarez V, Navarro A, Fernandez-Celis A, Gainza A, Santamaria E, Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Rossignol P, Zannad F, Lopez-Andres N. Soluble St2 Induces Cardiac Fibroblast Activation and Collagen Synthesis via Neuropilin-1. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071667. [PMID: 32664340 PMCID: PMC7408622 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating levels of soluble interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (sST2) are increased in heart failure and associated with poor outcome, likely because of the activation of inflammation and fibrosis. We investigated the pathogenic role of sST2 as an inductor of cardiac fibroblasts activation and collagen synthesis. The effects of sST2 on human cardiac fibroblasts was assessed using proteomics and immunodetection approaches to evidence the upregulation of neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), a regulator of the profibrotic transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. In parallel, sST2 increased fibroblast activation, collagen and fibrosis mediators. Pharmacological inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) restored NRP-1 levels and blocked profibrotic effects induced by sST2. In NRP-1 knockdown cells, sST2 failed to induce fibroblast activation and collagen synthesis. Exogenous NRP-1 enhanced cardiac fibroblast activation and collagen synthesis via NF-κB. In a pressure overload rat model, sST2 was elevated in association with cardiac fibrosis and was positively correlated with NRP-1 expression. Our study shows that sST2 induces human cardiac fibroblasts activation, as well as the synthesis of collagen and profibrotic molecules. These effects are mediated by NRP-1. The blockade of NF-κB restored NRP-1 expression, improving the profibrotic status induced by sST2. These results show a new pathogenic role for sST2 and its mediator, NRP-1, as cardiac fibroblast activators contributing to cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Matilla
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Vanessa Arrieta
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Eva Jover
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Amaia Garcia-Peña
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Ernesto Martinez-Martinez
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Sadaba
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Virginia Alvarez
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Adela Navarro
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Amaya Fernandez-Celis
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Alicia Gainza
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Enrique Santamaria
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Institute for Health Research, Universidad Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.S.); (J.F.-I.)
| | - Joaquín Fernandez-Irigoyen
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Institute for Health Research, Universidad Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.S.); (J.F.-I.)
| | - Patrick Rossignol
- INSERM, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, CHRU de Nancy, French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN) INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Université de Lorraine, 54035 Nancy, France; (P.R.); (F.Z.)
| | - Faiez Zannad
- INSERM, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, CHRU de Nancy, French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN) INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Université de Lorraine, 54035 Nancy, France; (P.R.); (F.Z.)
| | - Natalia Lopez-Andres
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
- INSERM, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, CHRU de Nancy, French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN) INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Université de Lorraine, 54035 Nancy, France; (P.R.); (F.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-848428539; Fax: +34-848422300
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12
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Song B, Yao B, Dang H, Dong R. Soluble ST2, Galectin-3 and clinical prognosis of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy undergoing ventricular septal myectomy: a correlation analysis. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2020; 10:145-152. [PMID: 32420094 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2020.01.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common chromosomal abnormal heart disease. The pathophysiological mechanism of HCM is complex. Several studies have suggested that the level of Soluble ST2 (sST2) may be a biomarker of chronic systolic heart failure, however, the role of sST2 in HCM remains unclear. So we performed this study to analyze the role of Soluble ST2 (sST2), Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and its correlations with clinical prognosis of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) undergoing ventricular septal myectomy. Methods HCM patients who underwent modified Morrow surgery in our hospital during June 2016-June 2018 were included. We divided the patients into different groups stratified by sST2 and Gal-3 level. Besides, we included volunteers without heart disease for medical examination as normal controls. Biochemical analyses were conducted to identify the biomarkers difference. The predictive value of sST2 and Gal-3 on all-cause mortality was evaluated with Cox regression analysis. Results A total of 125 HCM patients were included in this present study. The sST2 and Gal-3 levels in HCM patients were significantly higher than that in control group (all P<0.001); there were significant differences in the incidence of all-cause mortality for HCM patients stratified by the sST2 and Gal-3 level; Cox univariate regression survival analysis showed that the hypertension (HR =1.19, 95% CI: 1.01-1.38), maximum wall thickness (HR =1.48, 95% CI: 1.04-1.98), Log sST2 (HR =1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.05), Log Gal-3 (HR =1.17, 95% CI: 1.09-1.32) were the predictors for all-cause mortality in patients with HCM, and Cox multivariate risk regression showed that maximum wall thickness was the independent predictors of all-cause mortality in patients with HCM (HR =1.63, 95% CI: 1.35-1.97). Conclusions Even through sST2 and Gal-3 were not associated with clinical prognosis of patients with HCM undergoing ventricular septal myectomy, it may be involved in the progress of HCM, more studies are warranted to identify the potential mechanism and reverence value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangrong Song
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bo Yao
- Cardiology Section 2, Zibo City Linzi District People's Hospital, Zibo 255400, China
| | - Haiming Dang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ran Dong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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Eliaz I. Letter to the Editor: Not all modified citrus pectins are the same: size does matter. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 316:H1232-H1233. [PMID: 31070458 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00118.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Eliaz
- Amitabha Medical Clinic and Healing Center , Santa Rosa, California
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14
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Wang Z, Chen Z, Ma X, Yu H, Chen X. The predictive value of serum galectin 3 for abdominal aortic calcification in maintenance hemodialysis patients: A prospective cohort study. Hemodial Int 2020; 24:212-220. [PMID: 32048459 DOI: 10.1111/hdi.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heterotopic vascular calcification is a common complication of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Galectin 3 (Gal-3) has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular calcification. The current study aims to explore the potential predictive value of serum Gal-3 for severe abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and AAC progression in MHD patients. METHODS A prospective cohort who underwent hemodialysis during July 2014 at the Blood Purification Center of Ruijin Hospital were followed up for 3 years. Two AAC assessments were performed: one at baseline and one after the 3-year follow-up period. Serum Gal-3 was detected with quantitative ELISA kits. SPSS 23.0 and MedCalc 11.4.2.0 were used to analyze the data. FINDINGS One hundred and fifty-two patients were recruited. Approximately 59.9% were male, the median age was 60 (50-67) years. Logistic regression analysis indicated that serum Gal-3 was an independent risk factor for both follow-up severe AAC and AAC progression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed significant prognostic value of serum Gal-3 for predicting severe AAC and AAC progression within 3 years. DISCUSSION We found serum Gal-3 is correlated to vascular calcification in ESRD patients. Gal-3 may be a potential biomarker of vascular calcification for MHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zijin Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobo Ma
- Division of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haijin Yu
- Division of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaonong Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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15
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Eliaz I, Raz A. Pleiotropic Effects of Modified Citrus Pectin. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112619. [PMID: 31683865 PMCID: PMC6893732 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Modified citrus pectin (MCP) has a low-molecular-weight degree of esterification to allow absorption from the small intestinal epithelium into the circulation. MCP produces pleiotropic effects, including but not limited to its antagonism of galectin-3, which have shown benefit in preclinical and clinical models. Regarding cancer, MCP modulates several rate-limiting steps of the metastatic cascade. MCP can also affect cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy. Regarding fibrotic diseases, MCP modulates many of the steps involved in the pathogenesis of aortic stenosis. MCP also reduces fibrosis to the kidney, liver, and adipose tissue. Other benefits of MCP include detoxification and improved immune function. This review summarizes the pleiotropic effects of MCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Eliaz
- Amitabha Medical Clinic and Healing Center, 398 Tesconi Ct, Santa Rosa, CA 95401, USA.
| | - Avraham Raz
- Departments of Oncology and Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R St, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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16
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Ferreira JP, Bauters C, Eschalier R, Lamiral Z, Fay R, Huttin O, Girerd N, Zannad F, Pinet F, Rossignol P. Echocardiographic diastolic function evolution in patients with an anterior Q-wave myocardial infarction: insights from the REVE-2 study. ESC Heart Fail 2018; 6:70-79. [PMID: 30460754 PMCID: PMC6351891 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Myocardial fibrosis plays a key role in the development of adverse left ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to determine whether the circulating levels of BNP, collagen peptides, and galectin‐3 are associated with diastolic function evolution (both deterioration and improvement) at 1 year after an anterior MI. Methods and results The REVE‐2 is a prospective multicentre study including 246 patients with a first anterior Q‐wave MI. Echocardiographic assessment was performed at hospital discharge and ±1 year after MI. BNP, galectin‐3, and collagen peptides were measured ±1 month after MI. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD) was defined according to the presence of at least two criteria of echocardiographic parameters: septal e′ < 8 cm/s, lateral e′ < 10 cm/s, and left atrial volume ≥ 34 mL/m2. At baseline, 87 (35.4%) patients had normal diastolic function and 159 (64.6%) patients had DD. Follow‐up of 61 patients among the 87 patients with normal diastolic function at baseline showed that 22 patients (36%) developed DD at 1 year post‐MI. The circulating levels of amino‐terminal propeptide of type III procollagen > 6 mg/L [odds ratio (OR) = 5.29; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05–26.66; P = 0.044], galectin‐3 > 13 μg/L (OR = 5.99; 95% CI = 1.18–30.45; P = 0.031), and BNP > 82 ng/L (OR = 10.25; 95% CI = 2.36–44.50; P = 0.002) quantified at 1 month post‐MI were independently associated with 1 year DD. Follow‐up of the 137 patients with DD at baseline among the 159 patients showed that 36 patients (26%) had a normalized diastolic function at 1 year post‐MI. Patients with a BNP > 82 ng/L were less likely to improve diastolic function (OR = 0.06; 95% CI = 0.01–0.28; P = 0.0003). Conclusions The present study suggests that circulating levels of amino‐terminal propeptide of type III procollagen, galectin‐3, and BNP may be independently associated with new‐onset DD in post‐MI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Ferreira
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, INSERM, Nancy, France.,F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France.,Department of Physiology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Christophe Bauters
- CHU Lille, Lille, France.,INSERM U1167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille Nord de France, FHU-REMOD-VHF, Lille, France.,Faculté de Médecine de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Romain Eschalier
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, INSERM, Nancy, France.,F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France.,Department of Cardiology, Université Clermont Auvergne, TGI/ISIT/CaViti, Institut Pascal and CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Zohra Lamiral
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, INSERM, Nancy, France
| | - Renaud Fay
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, INSERM, Nancy, France
| | - Olivier Huttin
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, INSERM, Nancy, France
| | - Nicolas Girerd
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, INSERM, Nancy, France.,F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France.,Department of Cardiology, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, INSERM, Nancy, France.,F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.,INSERM U1116, Nancy, France
| | - Florence Pinet
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France.,CHU Lille, Lille, France.,INSERM U1167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille Nord de France, FHU-REMOD-VHF, Lille, France
| | - Patrick Rossignol
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, INSERM, Nancy, France.,F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.,INSERM U1116, Nancy, France
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17
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Ibarrola J, Sádaba R, Garcia-Peña A, Arrieta V, Martinez-Martinez E, Alvarez V, Fernández-Celis A, Gainza A, Santamaría E, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Cachofeiro V, Fay R, Rossignol P, López-Andrés N. A role for fumarate hydratase in mediating oxidative effects of galectin-3 in human cardiac fibroblasts. Int J Cardiol 2018; 258:217-223. [PMID: 29544935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.12.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a β-galactoside-binding lectin involved in cardiac inflammation and fibrosis, could regulate oxidative stress, although the mechanisms have not been elucidated. We herein investigated the changes in oxidative stress-related mediators induced by Gal-3 in human cardiac fibroblasts and in pathological animal and human models of cardiac diseases. RESULTS Using quantitative proteomics and immunodetection approaches, we have identified that Gal-3 down-regulated fumarate hydratase (FH) in human cardiac fibroblasts. In parallel, Gal-3 increased fumarate production in a time-dependent manner. Gal-3 treatment enhanced carbonylated proteins detected through OxyBlot technique. Interestingly, treatment of cells with fumarate induced oxidative stress, enhanced fibroblast activation markers and increased collagen and interleukin-6 secretion. In Gal-3-silenced cells and in heart from Gal-3 knock-out mice, FH was increased and fumarate was decreased. In myocardial biopsies from patients with aortic stenosis (AS, n=26), FH levels were decreased as compared to Controls (n=13). Cardiac Gal-3 inversely correlated with FH levels in myocardial biopsies. In an experimental model of AS rats, pharmacological inhibition of Gal-3 restored cardiac FH, decreased fumarate concentration and improved oxidative status. CONCLUSION In human cardiac fibroblasts, Gal-3 decreased FH expression increasing fumarate concentration and promoting oxidative stress. In human AS, cardiac levels of Gal-3 inversely associated with FH. Gal-3 blockade restored FH and improved fumarate and oxidative stress status in AS rats. FH is therefore a key molecule mediating Gal-3-induced oxidative stress in cardiac cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Ibarrola
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Sádaba
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaia Garcia-Peña
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Arrieta
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ernesto Martinez-Martinez
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Virginia Alvarez
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaya Fernández-Celis
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alicia Gainza
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Joaquin Fernández-Irigoyen
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Victoria Cachofeiro
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Renaud Fay
- INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116 Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN) INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
| | - Patrick Rossignol
- INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116 Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN) INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
| | - Natalia López-Andrés
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116 Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN) INI-CRCT, Nancy, France.
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Galectin-3 down-regulates antioxidant peroxiredoxin-4 in human cardiac fibroblasts: a new pathway to induce cardiac damage. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1471-1485. [PMID: 29674526 DOI: 10.1042/cs20171389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is increased in heart failure (HF) and promotes cardiac fibrosis and inflammation. We investigated whether Gal-3 modulates oxidative stress in human cardiac fibroblasts, in experimental animal models and in human aortic stenosis (AS). Using proteomics and immunodetection approaches, we have identified that Gal-3 down-regulated the antioxidant peroxiredoxin-4 (Prx-4) in cardiac fibroblasts. In parallel, Gal-3 increased peroxide, nitrotyrosine, malondialdehyde, and N-carboxymethyl-lysine levels and decreased total antioxidant capacity. Gal-3 decreased prohibitin-2 expression without modifying other mitochondrial proteins. Prx-4 silencing increased oxidative stress markers. In Gal-3-silenced cells and in heart from Gal-3 knockout mice, Prx-4 was increased and oxidative stress markers were decreased. Pharmacological inhibition of Gal-3 with modified citrus pectin restored cardiac Prx-4 as well as prohibitin-2 levels and improved oxidative status in spontaneously hypertensive rats. In serum from 87 patients with AS, Gal-3 negatively correlated with total antioxidant capacity and positively correlated with peroxide. In myocardial biopsies from 26 AS patients, Gal-3 up-regulation paralleled a decrease in Prx-4 and in prohibitin-2. Cardiac Gal-3 inversely correlated with Prx-4 levels in myocardial biopsies. These data suggest that Gal-3 decreased Prx-4 antioxidant system in cardiac fibroblasts, increasing oxidative stress. In pathological models presenting enhanced cardiac Gal-3, the decrease in Prx-4 expression paralleled increased oxidative stress. Gal-3 blockade restored Prx-4 expression and improved oxidative stress status. In AS, circulating levels of Gal-3 could reflect oxidative stress. The alteration of the balance between antioxidant systems and reactive oxygen species production could be a new pathogenic mechanism by which Gal-3 induces cardiac damage in HF.
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