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Kiyokawa Y, Sato M, Noguchi H, Inada E, Iwase Y, Kubota N, Sawami T, Terunuma M, Maeda T, Hayasaki H, Saitoh I. Drug-Induced Naïve iPS Cells Exhibit Better Performance than Primed iPS Cells with Respect to the Ability to Differentiate into Pancreatic β-Cell Lineage. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092838. [PMID: 32887316 PMCID: PMC7564489 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells are classified as naïve and primed cells, based on their in vitro growth characteristics and potential to differentiate into various types of cells. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs, also known as epiblast stem cells [EpiSCs]) have limited capacity to differentiate and are slightly more differentiated than naïve stem cells (NSCs). Although there are several in vitro protocols that allow iPSCs to differentiate into pancreatic lineage, data concerning generation of β-cells from these iPSCs are limited. Based on the pluripotentiality of NSCs, it was hypothesized that NSCs can differentiate into pancreatic β-cells when placed under an appropriate differentiation induction condition. We examined whether NSCs can be efficiently induced to form potentially pancreatic β cells after being subjected to an in vitro protocol. Several colonies resembling in vitro-produced β-cell foci, with β-cell-specific marker expression, were observed when NSC-derived embryoid bodies (EBs) were induced to differentiate into β-cell lineage. Conversely, EpiSC-derived EBs failed to form such foci in vitro. Intrapancreatic grafting of the in vitro-formed β-cell foci into nude mice (BALB/c-nu/nu) generated a cell mass containing insulin-producing cells (IPCs), without noticeable tumorigenesis. These NSCs can be used as a promising resource for curing type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kiyokawa
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan; (Y.K.); (Y.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Masahiro Sato
- Section of Gene Expression Regulation, Frontier Science Research Center, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Hirofumi Noguchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan;
| | - Emi Inada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (E.I.); (N.K.)
| | - Yoko Iwase
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan; (Y.K.); (Y.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Naoko Kubota
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (E.I.); (N.K.)
| | - Tadashi Sawami
- Yokohama City Center for Oral Health of Persons with Disabilities, Kanagawa 231-0012, Japan;
| | - Miho Terunuma
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan;
| | - Takeyasu Maeda
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan;
| | - Haruaki Hayasaki
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan; (Y.K.); (Y.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Issei Saitoh
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan; (Y.K.); (Y.I.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-25-227-2911
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piggyBac Transposon-Based Immortalization of Human Deciduous Tooth Dental Pulp Cells with Multipotency and Non-Tumorigenic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194904. [PMID: 31623314 PMCID: PMC6801629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to immortalize primarily isolated human deciduous tooth-derived dental pulp cells (HDDPCs) by transfection with piggyBac (PB)-based transposon vectors carrying E7 from human papilloma virus 16 or complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). HDDPCs were co-transfected with pTrans (conferring PB transposase expression) + pT-pac (conferring puromycin acetyltransferase expression) + pT-tdTomato (conferring tdTomato cDNA expression) and pT-E7 (conferring E7 expression) or pTrans + pT-pac + pT-EGFP (conferring enhanced green fluorescent protein cDNA expression) + pT-hTERT (conferring hTERT expression). After six days, these cells were selected in medium containing 5 μg/mL puromycin for one day, and then cultured in normal medium allowing cell survival. All resultant colonies were harvested and propagated as a pool. Stemness and tumorigenic properties of the established cell lines (“MT_E7” for E7 and “MT_hTERT” for hTERT) with untransfected parental cells (MT) were examined. Both lines exhibited proliferation similar to that of MT, with alkaline phosphatase activity and stemness-specific factor expression. They displayed differentiation potential into multi-lineage cells with no tumorigenic property. Overall, we successfully obtained HDDPC-derived immortalized cell lines using a PB-based transfection system. The resultant and parental cells were indistinguishable. Thus, E7 and hTERT could immortalize HDDPCs without causing cancer-associated changes or altering phenotypic properties.
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Increased Expression of Cell Surface SSEA-1 is Closely Associated with Naïve-Like Conversion from Human Deciduous Teeth Dental Pulp Cells-Derived iPS Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071651. [PMID: 30987116 PMCID: PMC6480091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 (SSEA-1) is an antigenic epitope (also called CD15 antigen) defined as a Lewis X carbohydrate structure and known to be expressed in murine embryonal carcinoma cells, mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and murine and human germ cells, but not human ESCs/induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). It is produced by α1,3-fucosyltransferase IX gene (FUT9), and F9 ECCs having a disrupted FUT9 locus by gene targeting are reported to exhibit loss of SSEA-1 expression on their cell surface. Mouse ESCs are pluripotent cells and therefore known as “naïve stem cells (NSCs).” In contrast, human ESCs/iPSCs are thought to be epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs) that are slightly more differentiated than NSCs. Recently, it has been demonstrated that treatment of EpiSCs with several reprograming-related drugs can convert EpiSCs to cells similar to NSCs, which led us to speculate that SSEA-1 may have been expressed in these NSC-like EpiSCs. Immunocytochemical staining of these cells with anti-SSEA-1 revealed increased expression of this epitope. RT-PCR analysis also confirmed increased expression of FUT9 transcripts as well as other stemness-related transcripts such as REX-1 (ZFP42). These results suggest that SSEA-1 can be an excellent marker for human NSCs.
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Soda M, Saitoh I, Murakami T, Inada E, Iwase Y, Noguchi H, Shibasaki S, Kurosawa M, Sawami T, Terunuma M, Kubota N, Terao Y, Ohshima H, Hayasaki H, Sato M. Repeated human deciduous tooth-derived dental pulp cell reprogramming factor transfection yields multipotent intermediate cells with enhanced iPS cell formation capability. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1490. [PMID: 30728386 PMCID: PMC6365514 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37291-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Human tissue-specific stem cells (hTSCs), found throughout the body, can differentiate into several lineages under appropriate conditions in vitro and in vivo. By transfecting terminally differentiated cells with reprogramming factors, we previously produced induced TSCs from the pancreas and hepatocytes that exhibit additional properties than iPSCs, as exemplified by very low tumour formation after xenogenic transplantation. We hypothesised that hTSCs, being partially reprogrammed in a state just prior to iPSC transition, could be isolated from any terminally differentiated cell type through transient reprogramming factor overexpression. Cytochemical staining of human deciduous tooth-derived dental pulp cells (HDDPCs) and human skin-derived fibroblasts following transfection with Yamanaka’s factors demonstrated increased ALP activity, a stem cell marker, three weeks after transfection albeit in a small percentage of clones. Repeated transfections (≤3) led to more efficient iPSC generation, with HDDPCs exhibiting greater multipotentiality at two weeks post-transfection than the parental intact HDDPCs. These results indicated the utility of iPSC technology to isolate TSCs from HDDPCs and fibroblasts. Generally, a step-wise loss of pluripotential phenotypes in ESCs/iPSCs occurs during their differentiation process. Our present findings suggest that the reverse phenomenon can also occur upon repeated introduction of reprogramming factors into differentiated cells such as HDDPCs and fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Soda
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Issei Saitoh
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Tomoya Murakami
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Emi Inada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoko Iwase
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Noguchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | - Mie Kurosawa
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tadashi Sawami
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Miho Terunuma
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Naoko Kubota
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yutaka Terao
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hayato Ohshima
- Division of Anatomy and Biology of the Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Haruaki Hayasaki
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sato
- Section of Gene Expression Regulation, Frontier Science Research Center, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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