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Akcay Usta S, Icoz M. Evaluation of Ocular Surface Parameters and Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers in Hazelnut Harvesters. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38557359 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2024.2336598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM To assess the relationship between systemic inflammation markers and ocular surface parameters in hazelnut harvesters. MATERIAL AND METHOD This prospective study included 30 patients presenting with moderate ocular surface diseases during the hazelnut harvesting season. A detailed ophthalmological examination was performed during the harvesting season and the first month after the end of treatment (control). Schirmer test, tear break-up time (TBUT), and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) scores were determined. In complete blood count analysis, in addition to the evaluation of inflammatory cells, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were calculated. RESULTS Eosinophil percentage had a high level of negative correlation with the TBUT and Schirmer values and a high level of positive correlation with the OSDI score during the hazelnut picking season (r = -0.727, r = -0.735, r = 0.750, respectively). During the hazelnut harvesting season, the NLR and SII parameters had a moderate level of negative correlation with the TBUT (r = -0.29 and r = -0.276) and Schirmer (r = -0.33 and r = -0.298) values and a moderate level of positive correlation with the OSDI score (r = 0.389 and r = 0.264). CONCLUSION In hazelnut harvesters, ocular allergy and inflammation may be associated with systemic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevde Akcay Usta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Akcakoca State Hospital, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Icoz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yozgat City Hospital, Yozgat, Turkey
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2
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Tang Y, Dou S, Wei C, Sun Z, Sun D, Zhou Q, Xie L. Single-Nuclei Characterization of Lacrimal Gland in Scopolamine-Induced Dry Eye Disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:46. [PMID: 38687491 PMCID: PMC11067549 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.4.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The lacrimal gland (LG) is the main organ responsible for tear secretion and an important pathogenic site for dry eye disease (DED). This study aimed to comprehensively characterize LG cellular heterogeneity under normal and DED conditions using single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq). Methods Single LG nuclei isolated from mice with or without DED induced by scopolamine (SCOP)/desiccating stress (DS) were subjected to snRNA-seq using the 10x Genomics platform. These cells were clustered and annotated using the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) method and unbiased computational informatic analysis. Cluster identification and functional analysis were performed based on marker gene expression and bioinformatic data mining. Results The snRNA-seq analysis of 30,351 nuclei identified eight major cell types, with acinar cells (∼72.6%) being the most abundant cell type in the LG. Subclustering analysis revealed that the LG mainly contained two acinar cell subtypes, two ductal cell subclusters, three myoepithelial cell (MECs) subtypes, and four immunocyte subclusters. In the SCOP-induced DED model, three major LG parenchymal cell types were significantly altered, characterized by a reduced proportion of acinar cells with a lowered secretion potential and an augmented proportion of ductal cells and MECs. LG immunocytes in DED scenarios showed an intensified inflammatory response and dysregulated intercellular communication with three major LG parenchymal cells. Conclusions Overall, this study offers a systemic single-nucleus transcriptomic profile of LGs in both normal and DED conditions and an atlas of the complicated interactions of immunocytes with major LG parenchymal cells. The findings also facilitate understanding the pathogenesis of DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tang
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shengqian Dou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Wei
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ziwen Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Di Sun
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lixin Xie
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
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3
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Zhang W, Yin J, Deng Y, Gong Y, Sun X, Chen J. Prostaglandin E2 promotes Th17 differentiation induces corneal epithelial cell apoptosis and participates in the progression of dry eye. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 751:109823. [PMID: 37984760 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
This study is mainly based on T helper type 17 (Th17) cells analysis of the mechanism of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) promoting the progression of dry eye (DE). Scopolamine and dry environment were used to induce mice DE model. Celecoxib was used to inhibit PGE2. Corneal epithelial cells and CD4+ T cells were used to construct a co-culture system. The osmotic pressure was increased by adding NaCl to simulate DE in vitro. AH6809 and E7046 were used to pre-culture to inhibit EP2/4 in T cells to verify the effect of exogenous PGE2 on Th17 cell differentiation and corneal epithelial cell apoptosis. The function of Th17 cells was analyzed by detecting RORγt and interleukin-17 (IL-17). PGE2 was instilled on the ocular surface to induce DE symptoms of mice. AH6809 and E7046 were used to inhibit EP2/4. The corneal epithelial cell apoptosis was observed by TUNEL. The proportion of Th17 cells in corneal tissue and draining lymph nodes (DLNs) was detected by flow cytometry. In DE mice, the concentration of PGE2 and IL-17 increased in tears, and the proportion of Th17 increased, while inhibition of PGE2 alleviated the symptoms of DE and inhibited Th17 differentiation. Hypertonic environment induces corneal epithelial cells to secrete PGE2. PGE2 promoted the expression of EP2/4 and the differentiation of Th17 cells in vitro. The hypertonic environment promoted PGE2 level and the apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells in the co-culture system. PGE2 alone did not cause corneal epithelial cell apoptosis, while PGE2 promoted apoptosis by promoting Th17. Blocking EP2/4 reduced the induction of Th17 differentiation by PGE2 and the promoted corneal epithelial cell apoptosis. Animal experiments showed that exogenous PGE2 induced DE symptoms. Blocking EP2/4 not only inhibited the proportion of Th17, but also alleviated the apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells caused by PGE2. PGE2 induces aggravation of inflammation by promoting the level of Th17 in the ocular surface, and causes corneal epithelial cell apoptosis, thereby participating in the progression of DE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yan 'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianwei Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yan 'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yachun Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yan 'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yan 'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yan 'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jingyao Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yan 'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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4
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Storås AM, Fineide F, Magnø M, Thiede B, Chen X, Strümke I, Halvorsen P, Galtung H, Jensen JL, Utheim TP, Riegler MA. Using machine learning model explanations to identify proteins related to severity of meibomian gland dysfunction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22946. [PMID: 38135766 PMCID: PMC10746717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50342-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Meibomian gland dysfunction is the most common cause of dry eye disease and leads to significantly reduced quality of life and social burdens. Because meibomian gland dysfunction results in impaired function of the tear film lipid layer, studying the expression of tear proteins might increase the understanding of the etiology of the condition. Machine learning is able to detect patterns in complex data. This study applied machine learning to classify levels of meibomian gland dysfunction from tear proteins. The aim was to investigate proteomic changes between groups with different severity levels of meibomian gland dysfunction, as opposed to only separating patients with and without this condition. An established feature importance method was used to identify the most important proteins for the resulting models. Moreover, a new method that can take the uncertainty of the models into account when creating explanations was proposed. By examining the identified proteins, potential biomarkers for meibomian gland dysfunction were discovered. The overall findings are largely confirmatory, indicating that the presented machine learning approaches are promising for detecting clinically relevant proteins. While this study provides valuable insights into proteomic changes associated with varying severity levels of meibomian gland dysfunction, it should be noted that it was conducted without a healthy control group. Future research could benefit from including such a comparison to further validate and extend the findings presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Storås
- Department of Holistic Systems, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Computer Science, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Fredrik Fineide
- Department of Computer Science, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Oslo, Bergen, Norway
| | - Morten Magnø
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, Arendal, Norway
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bernd Thiede
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, Arendal, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Inga Strümke
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pål Halvorsen
- Department of Holistic Systems, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Computer Science, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde Galtung
- Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janicke L Jensen
- Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tor P Utheim
- Department of Computer Science, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Oslo, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, Arendal, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael A Riegler
- Department of Holistic Systems, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Computer Science, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Computer Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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5
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Xi Y, Choi CH, Chang R, Kaper HJ, Sharma PK. Tribology of Pore-Textured Hard Surfaces under Physiological Conditions: Effects of Texture Scales. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6657-6665. [PMID: 37126661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Micro- and nanotexturing on hard biomaterials have shown advantages for tissue engineering and antifouling applications. However, a growing number of studies have also shown that texturing may cause an increase in friction, demanding further research on the tribological effects of texturing under physiological conditions. This study investigates the tribological effects of micro- and nanopore patterns on hard hydrophilic silicon sliding against soft hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) immersed in aqueous liquids with various viscosities, simulating the sliding of a textured implant surface against soft tissues. The experimental results show that silicon surfaces with pore textures at both micro- and nanoscale feature sizes confer a higher coefficient of friction (COF) than an untextured one. It is attributed to the texture's edge effect caused by the periodic pore patterns between the two sliding objects with a large difference in material stiffness. For the same solid area fraction, nanopored surfaces show a higher COF than micropored surfaces because of the significantly higher texture edge length per unit area. For micropored surfaces with a similar length of texture edge length per unit area, the COF increases more significantly with the increase in pore size because of the greater stress at the rims of the larger pores. The COFs of both micro- and nanoscale pores generally decrease from ∼10 to 0.1 with an increase in the surrounding aqueous viscosity, indicating the transition from a boundary lubrication to a mixed lubrication regime while mostly remaining in boundary lubrication. In contrast, the COF of an untextured surface decreases from ∼1 to 0.01, indicating that it mostly remains in the mixed lubrication regime while showing the tendency toward hydrodynamic lubrication. Compared to a hydrophilic hard probe sliding against a textured hydrophobic soft substrate, the hydrophobic soft probe sliding against a textured hydrophilic hard substrate produces a significantly higher COF under similar physiological conditions due to the larger edge effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Xi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Chang-Hwan Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Robert Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Hans Jan Kaper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Prashant Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
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Holtmann C, Roth M, Filler T, Bergmann AK, Hänggi D, Muhammad S, Borrelli M, Geerling G. Microvascular anastomosis of the human lacrimal gland: a concept study towards transplantation of the human lacrimal gland. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2022; 261:1443-1450. [PMID: 36477647 PMCID: PMC10148775 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-022-05933-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Severe aqueous tear deficiency is caused by primary or secondary main lacrimal gland insufficiency. The transplantation of a human lacrimal gland could become a potential treatment option to provide physiological tears with optimal properties. To this end, we performed an ex vivo study to develop a surgical strategy that would ensure a vascular supply for a lacrimal gland transplant using microvascular techniques.
Material and methods
Five cadaver heads were used to perform a lateral orbitotomy in order to identify the vascular pedicle and the lacrimal gland itself. The principal feasibility and the time of the required surgical steps for an intraorbital microvascular re-anastomosis of the human lacrimal gland were documented. Patency and potential leakage of the anastomosis were tested with hematoxylin intraoperatively. Postoperatively, routine histological, as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the gland and vascular anastomosis, were performed.
Results
The vascular pedicle of all five glands could be isolated over a minimum stretch of at least 1 cm, severed, and successfully reanastmosed microsurgically. Time for arterial anatomization (n = 4) was 23 ± 7 min and 22 ± 3 min for the vein (p = 0.62). The total time for the entire microvascular anastomosis was 46 ± 9 min. All anastomosis were patent upon testing. SEM revealed well-aligned edges of the anastomosis with tight sutures in place.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates as proof of principle the feasibility of intraorbital microvascular re-anastomosis of a human lacrimal gland within the presumed window of ischemia of this tissue. This should encourage orbital surgeons to attempt lacrimal gland transplantation in humans in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Holtmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Mathias Roth
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Timm Filler
- Institute of Anatomy I, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ann Kathrin Bergmann
- Core Facility Elektronenmikroskopie (CFEM), Heinrich-Heine-Universität Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Hänggi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sajjad Muhammad
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Borrelli
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Gerd Geerling
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Petrillo F, Petrillo A, Sasso FP, Schettino A, Maione A, Galdiero M. Viral Infection and Antiviral Treatments in Ocular Pathologies. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2224. [PMID: 36363815 PMCID: PMC9694090 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular viral infections are common and widespread globally. These infectious diseases are a major cause of acute red eyes and vision loss. The eye and its nearby tissues can be infected by several viral agents, causing infections with a short course and limited ocular implications or a long clinical progression and serious consequences for the function and structure of the ocular region. Several surveillance studies underline the increased emergence of drug resistance among pathogenic viral strains, limiting treatment options for these infections. Currently, in the event of resistant infections, topical or systemic corticosteroids are useful in the management of associated immune reactions in the eye, which contribute to ocular dysfunction. Many cases of viral eye infections are misdiagnosed as being of bacterial origin. In these cases, therapy begins late and is not targeted at the actual cause of the infection, often leading to severe ocular compromises, such as corneal infiltrates, conjunctival scarring, and reduced visual acuity. The present study aims at a better understanding of the viral pathogens that cause eye infections, along with the treatment options available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Petrillo
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria-Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonietta Schettino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Maione
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marilena Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Park SH, Hwang JS, Shin YJ. Effect of multivitamin drug on intractable dry eye symptoms. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:978107. [PMID: 36148465 PMCID: PMC9486468 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.978107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye is a disorder of tear film and ocular surface characterized by ocular discomforts. It is associated with multiple causes and sometimes intractable. We investigated the effect of oral multivitamin supplementation (MVG) on dry eyes. Tear break-up time (TBUT), fluorescein ocular surface staining score, and tear secretion Schirmer test were measured in dry eye patients refractory to conventional topical treatment. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI), visual analog pain score (VAS), and modified standardized patient evaluation of eye dryness questionnaire were analyzed. In total, 42 eyes of 42 patients were included. TBUT increased at 1 and 3 months compared to baseline (p < 0.05). OSDI decreased at 1 and 3 months compared to baseline (p < 0.05). VAS score, impact on life, and frequency of total symptoms decreased at 3 months compared to baseline (p < 0.05). Oral administration of MVG, a vitamin complex formulation, was effective in stabilizing tear stability and alleviating symptoms in patients with intractable dry eye. Thus, it may be a viable treatment option for intractable dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hie Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Sun Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Joo Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Young Joo Shin,
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9
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Preclinical study of a new matrix to help the ocular surface in dry eye disease. Exp Eye Res 2022; 222:109168. [PMID: 35777472 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED), a multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular system, causes loss of tear film homeostasis with damage to the ocular surface. This study aimed to assess whether a peculiar matrix based on sodium hyaluronate (HA), xanthan gum (XNT), glycine (GLY) and betaine (BET) as osmoprotectants, could be involved in biological responses. Wound healing assay on human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells in monolayer showed a synergistic effect of the combination of HA + XNT (**p ≤ 0.01) together with an efficient extracellular matrix remodeling of the formulation in SkinEthic™ HCE 3D-model sought by integrin beta-1 (ITGβ1) expression and morphological analysis by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), compared to a reference marketed product. The synergistic effect of HA + XNT + GLY + BET showed an antioxidant effect on HCE cells (***p ≤ 0.001). Real-time PCR analysis showed that the combination of GLY + BET seemed to ameliorate the effect exhibited by the single osmoprotectants in reducing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα, #p ≤ 0.05), interleukin-1 beta (IL1β, ####p ≤ 0.0001) and cyclooxygenases-2 (COX2, ####p ≤ 0.0001) genes in SIRC cells under hyperosmotic stress. Furthermore, pretreatment with XNT, alone and in combination (##p ≤ 0.01), reduced COX2 expression in human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549). Finally, the formulation was well-tolerated following q.i.d. ocular administration in rabbits during a 28-day study. Due to the synergistic effect of its components, the matrix proved able to repair the ocular surface restoring cell homeostasis and to protect the ocular surface from pro-inflammatory pathways activation and oxidative damage, thus behaving as a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger.
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10
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Park Y, Kim H, Kim S, Cho KJ. Effect of low-level light therapy in patients with dry eye: a prospective, randomized, observer-masked trial. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3575. [PMID: 35246565 PMCID: PMC8897458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07427-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy of low-level light therapy (LLLT) with near-infrared light-emitting diodes (LED-LLLT) for the treatment of dry eye. 40 patients were randomly assigned with a 1:1 allocation ratio to receive LED-LLLT (LLLT group, n = 20) or placebo treatment (placebo group, n = 20). Patients in the LLLT group received LLLT twice a week for 3 weeks, for a total of 6 treatment sessions. The primary endpoint was the changes in the fluorescein corneal staining (FCS) score. The secondary endpoints were the changes in the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score, lissamine green conjunctival staining (LGCS) scores, tear film break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer test, and the meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) index. These were evaluated before treatment and 4 weeks after start of treatment. The mean difference of score change in primary endpoint revealed significant improvement in the LLLT group, compared to the placebo. Among secondary endpoints, LGCS, Schirmer's test, upper meibography scores showed significant improvements, while TBUT, lid debris, lid swelling, lid telangiectasia, meibomian gland secretion and expressibility scores had slight improvement without significant differences. No serious adverse events were observed. The use of LED-LLLT for the treatment of dry eye and MGD appears to be safe and beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dankook University Hospital, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dankook University Hospital, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Jin Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dankook University Hospital, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Giacomazzi S, Urits I, Hoyt B, Hubble A, Cornett EM, Gress K, Charipova K, Berger AA, Kassem H, Kaye AD, Viswanath O. Comprehensive Review and Update of Burning Eye Syndrome. J Patient Cent Res Rev 2021; 8:255-260. [PMID: 34322578 DOI: 10.17294/2330-0698.1813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca ("dry eye") is a common (14%-30% of adults over age 48) though difficult to treat condition that causes both discomfort and disability with associated dryness, pain, and visual disturbances. Etiology is not clearly understood but is likely varied, with a subset of patients suffering from chronic neuropathic pain referred to as "burning eye syndrome." This review of existing literature summarizes the clinical presentation, natural history, pathophysiology, and treatment modalities of burning eye syndrome. Chronicity of burning eye syndrome is likely secondary to increased nociception from the cornea, decrease in inhibitory signals, and nerve growth factor expression alterations. Treatment centers around symptomatic alleviation and reduction of inflammation. Conservative treatments focus on well-being and perception and include exercise, acupuncture, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Topical treatment consists of the anti-adhesion T-cell antagonist lifitegrast, corticosteroids, and cyclosporine; all have moderate efficacy and good safety. Autologous serum eye drops are a second-line topical that may promote corneal and neural healing on top of symptomatic relief. When these treatments fail, patients may trial neuromodulation with transcranial magnetic stimulation. Despite general treatment safety, more research is needed to develop novel approaches to this condition, possibly focusing more directly on the neurological component.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan Urits
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Briggs Hoyt
- Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE
| | | | - Elyse M Cornett
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Kyle Gress
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | | | - Amnon A Berger
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Hisham Kassem
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL
| | - Alan D Kaye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Omar Viswanath
- Valley Anesthesiology and Pain Consultants - Envision Physician Services, Phoenix, AZ.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.,Department of Anesthesiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE
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12
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Mechanobiology of conjunctival epithelial cells exposed to wall shear stresses. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2021; 20:1903-1917. [PMID: 34228228 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-021-01484-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The human conjunctival epithelial cells (HCEC) line the inner sides of the eyelids and the anterior part of the sclera. They include goblet cells that secret mucus into the tear film that protects the ocular surface. The conjunctival epithelium is subjected to mechano-physical stimuli due to eyelid movement during blinking, during wiping and rubbing the eyes, and when exposed to wind and air currents. We cultured primary HCEC under air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions in custom-designed wells that can be disassembled for installation of the in vitro model in a flow chamber. We exposed the HCEC after ALI culture of 8-10 days to steady and oscillatory airflows. The in vitro model of HCEC was exposed to steady wall shear stresses (sWSS) of 0.5 and 1.0 dyne/cm2 for lengths of 30 and 60 min and to oscillatory wall shear stresses (oWSS) of 0.5 and 0.77 dyne/cm2 amplitudes for a length of 10 min. Cytoskeletal alterations and MUC5AC mucin secretion in response to WSS were investigated using immunohistochemically fluorescent staining and enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA), respectively. The results revealed that both exposure times and sWSS values increased the polymerization of F-actin filaments while mucin secretion decreased. However, after a recovery of 24 h in the incubator we observed a decrease of F-actin fibers and mucin secretion only for exposure of 30 min. The length of exposure was more influential on cytoskeletal alterations than the level of sWSS. The very small effect of sWSS on mucin secretion is most likely related to the much smaller amount of goblet cell than in other mucus-secreting tissue. The results for both oWSS amplitudes revealed similar trends regarding F-actin and mucin secretion. Immediately post-exposure we observed an increase in polymerization of F-actin filaments while mucin secretion decreased. However, after 24-h recovery we observed that both F-actin and mucin secretion returned to the same values as for unexposed cultures. The results of this study suggest that WSS should be considered while exploring the physiological characteristics of HCEC.
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13
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Preparation of Ophthalmic Microemulsions Containing Lithuanian Royal Jelly and Their Biopharmaceutical Evaluation. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9040616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Royal jelly is a natural substance secreted by worker honeybees that possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other biological activities. The purpose of this study was to formulate microemulsions with incorporated Lithuanian royal jelly for possible ophthalmic delivery and to evaluate the quality of the microemulsions in vitro. The oil in water type microemulsions were prepared by the oil titration method, incorporating royal jelly, surfactant, co-surfactant, oil, and water. Physicochemical characteristics of the microemulsions and the quantity of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid released in vitro were assessed. The in vitro assessment of prepared microemulsions formulations was performed with the Statens Seruminstitut rabbit cornea (SIRC) cell culture model. The results revealed that the droplet size of all microemulsion formulations was 67.88–124.2 nm and the polydispersity index was lower than 0.180. In the in vitro release study, the release of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid depended on the amount of royal jelly incorporated and on the ratio of surfactant and co-surfactant in formulations. The in vitro tests with the SIRC cell culture line have shown that all formulations were found non-irritating.
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14
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Shoari A, Kanavi MR, Rasaee MJ. Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9 for the treatment of dry eye syndrome; a review study. Exp Eye Res 2021; 205:108523. [PMID: 33662353 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dry eye syndrome (DES) and tear dysfunction are multifactorial conditions affecting meibomian glands, lacrimal glands, and ocular surface. This ocular disorder can cause eye irritation, irregular cornea, corneal barrier disruption, and blurred vision. Uncontrolled increase in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) level and activity has been detected in the tears and ocular surface in the patients with DES, which has been proved to be related to disruption of tight junctions in apical corneal epithelium associated with severe signs of DES. These uncontrolled activities of MMP-9 lead to desquamation of ocular surface epithelia. Therefore, this review study was conducted to summarize the evidence regarding MMP-9 contribution in DES, and inhibition of MMP-9, as a therapeutic target for treatment of DES. For this purpose, herein, the related studies designed novel pharmaceutical compounds for direct and indirect inhibition of MMP-9 as treatment approaches for DES were reviewed. These compounds were designed to improve corneal barrier function, reduce inflammation on ocular surface, and restore tear production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shoari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Javad Rasaee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Zhang K, Zhang S, Yu J, Lu Y, Zhu X. Changes of the tear film lipid layer thickness after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:e202-e208. [PMID: 32749786 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate changes in the tear film lipid layer thickness (LLT) in cataract patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) after cataract surgery. METHODS We recruited consecutive cataract patients and recorded data regarding DM condition. Lipid layer thickness (LLT) and partial blinks rates measured with the LipiView interferometer, tear break-up time (TBUT) and Schirmer's tests, and dry eye symptoms evaluated with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire were conducted before and one month after cataract surgery. RESULTS Finally, 38 age-related cataract (ARC) and 31 diabetic cataract (DC) patients were available for analysis. No significant difference in preoperative LLT and partial blink rates was found between ARC and DC group. However, preoperative TBUT and Schirmer's test results were significantly lower in DC group compared to ARC group (both p < 0.001). DC group showed higher preoperative OSDI score with no significant difference than ARC group (p = 0.279). In DC group, LLT was significantly thinner in cases with longer duration of DM (over 10 years) than in those with shorter duration (p < 0.001). One month after surgery, LLT of DC group was significantly thinner than at baseline (pre: 65.7 ± 23.3, post: 51.3 ± 17.1, p = 0.002). While in ARC group, LLT had no significant difference before and after cataract surgery (pre: 67.1 ± 23.4, post: 60.2 ± 21.1, p = 0.078). Compared to baseline data, there was no statistically significant difference between two groups in the partial blink rates, TBUT and Schirmer's test results after cataract surgery (p > 0.05). Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores were significantly higher after surgery than at baseline in both ARC (pre: 8.9 ± 8.4, post: 12.4 ± 8.5, p = 0.003) and DC group (pre: 11.4 ± 10.3, post: 18.5 ± 8.5, p = 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed OSDI scores were associated with LLT either before or after cataract surgery (β = -0.862, p < 0.001 and β = -0.592, p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION The tear film LLT is correlated with duration of DM and becomes significantly thinner one month after cataract surgery, leading to the aggravation of dry eye symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Zhang
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University) Key Laboratory of Myopia Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University) Key Laboratory of Myopia Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Jifeng Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology Beijing Children's Hospital National Center for Children's Health Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Yi Lu
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University) Key Laboratory of Myopia Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Xiangjia Zhu
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University) Key Laboratory of Myopia Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration Fudan University Shanghai China
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16
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Tear Proteomics Study of Dry Eye Disease: Which Eye Do You Adopt as the Representative Eye for the Study? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22010422. [PMID: 33401599 PMCID: PMC7796155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Most studies about dry eye disease (DED) chose unilateral eye for investigation and drew conclusions based on monocular results, whereas most studies involving tear proteomics were based on the results of pooling tears from a group of DED patients. Patients with DED were consecutively enrolled for binocular clinical tests, tear biochemical markers of DED, and tear proteome. We found that bilateral eyes of DED patients may have similar but different ocular surface performance and tear proteome. Most ocular surface homeostatic markers and tear biomarkers were not significantly different in the bilateral eyes of DED subjects, and most clinical parameters and tear biomarkers were correlated significantly between bilateral eyes. However, discrepant binocular presentation in the markers of ocular surface homeostasis and the associations with tear proteins suggested that one eye’s performance cannot represent that of the other eye or both eyes. Therefore, in studies for elucidating tear film homeostasis of DED, we may lose some important messages hidden in the fellow eye if we collected clinical and proteomic data only from a unilateral eye. For mechanistic studies, it is recommended that researchers collect tear samples from the eye with more severe DED under sensitive criteria for identifying the more severe eye and evaluating the tear biochemical and proteomic markers with binocular concordance drawn in prior binocular studies.
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17
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Wang Q, Xie X, Li H, Hao S. Discovery of microRNA expression profiles involved in regulating TGF- β2 expression in the tears of dry eye patients. Ann Clin Biochem 2020; 57:420-428. [PMID: 32936670 DOI: 10.1177/0004563220961746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, the difference in microRNA expression profiles in tears of dry eye patients and healthy people has not been reported. In current study, we evaluated the significance of microRNAs and transforming growth factor beta2 (TGF-β2) in distinguishing dry eye. METHODS A total of 138 patients with dry eye from October 2017 to October 2018 were selected. During the same period, 138 healthy persons were collected. All patients were followed up for 12 months through outpatient, telephone or medical records and the time of corneal injury was recorded. RESULTS Compared with healthy people, TGF-β2 concentrations in dry eye patients were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Array analysis, predictive software and dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-450b-5p, miR-1283 and miR-3671 can target TGF-β2 expression. Tear miR-450b-5p, miR-1283 and miR-3671 concentrations were significantly higher in dry eye patients than healthy people. A logistic regression model combining miR-450b-5p, miR-1283, miR-3671 and TGF-β2 was performed. This model presented a high discriminating value (AUC: 0.907, 0.876-0.939, P < 0.001) than any single indicator, and the sensitivity and specificity were 77.7% and 92.7%, respectively. Compared with the low miR-450b-5p, low miR-1283, low miR-3671 and high TGF-β2 groups, the high miR-450b-5p, high miR-1283, high miR-3671 and low TGF-β2 groups had a significantly higher probability of corneal injury (TGF-β2: χ2 = 5.762, P = 0.016; miR-450b-5p: χ2 = 13.267, P < 0.001; miR-1283: χ2 = 19.431, P < 0.001; miR-3671: χ2 = 8.131, P = 0.004). CONCLUSION Current model combining tear miR-450b-5p, miR-1283, miR-3671 and TGF-β2 had important values in the identification of dry eye and was of great value in evaluating the risk of corneal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Heji Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, P.R. China
| | - Xiangrong Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Heji Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, P.R. China
| | - Huilin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Heji Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, P.R. China
| | - Shaofeng Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Heji Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, P.R. China
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Intense pulsed light treatment in meibomian gland dysfunction: A concise review. Ocul Surf 2020; 18:583-594. [PMID: 32629039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the published literature related to application of intense pulsed light (IPL) for treating meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). METHODS The literature search included the PubMed database and used the keywords "Intense Pulsed Light and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction". RESULTS IPL is a new instrumental treatment modality for MGD. This treatment modality was originally developed for use in dermatology and was later adopted in ophthalmology for treating MGD. IPL therapy for MGD can improve tear film stability, meibomian gland functionality, as well as subjective feeling of ocular dryness. However, in the reviewed literature, there was great variability in patient selection, evaluation criteria, and treatment protocols and durations. CONCLUSION Numerous studies report that IPL is effective for treating MGD and a safe procedure. There is great potential for further improvements to the procedure, as large comparative studies employing different treatment modalities are lacking.
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19
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Ismail OM, Poole ZB, Bierly SL, Van Buren ED, Lin FC, Meyer JJ, Davis RM. Association Between Dry Eye Disease and Migraine Headaches in a Large Population-Based Study. JAMA Ophthalmol 2020; 137:532-536. [PMID: 30844042 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2019.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Importance Reports in the literature have conflicting findings about an association between dry eye disease (DED) and migraine headaches. Objective To determine the strength of the association between DED and migraine headaches. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective case-control study included 72 969 patients older than 18 years from University of North Carolina-affiliated health care facilities from May 1, 2008, through May 31, 2018. Deidentified aggregate patient data were queried; data were analyzed from June 1 through June 30, 2018. Exposures Diagnosis of migraine headache. Main Outcomes and Measures Odds ratios calculated between DED and migraine headaches for participants as a whole and stratified by sex and age group. Results The base population consisted of 72 969 patients, including 41 764 men (57.2%) and 31 205 women (42.8%). Of these, 5352 patients (7.3%) carried a diagnosis of migraine headache, and 9638 (13.2%) carried a diagnosis of DED. The odds of having DED given a diagnosis of migraine headaches was 1.72 (95% CI, 1.60-1.85) times higher than that of patients without migraine headaches. After accounting for multiple confounding factors, the odds of having DED given a diagnosis of migraine headaches was 1.42 (95% CI, 1.20-1.68) times higher than that of patients without migraine headaches. Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that patients with migraine headaches are more likely to have comorbid DED compared with the general population. Although this association may not reflect cause and effect if unidentified confounders account for the results, these data suggest that patients with migraine headaches may be at risk of carrying a comorbid diagnosis of DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Ismail
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Zachary B Poole
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Shane L Bierly
- medical student, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Eric D Van Buren
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Feng-Chang Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Jay J Meyer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard M Davis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
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Lee H, Jeon S, Kim CE, Park YJ, Yang J. A New Ophthalmic Pharmaceutical Formulation, Topical Sulglycotide, Enhances the Ocular Mucin Secretion in Desiccation Stress-Mediated Dry Eye Disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:1076-1087. [PMID: 30901389 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-24935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was the investigation of the effect of sulglycotide (SOS), a polysulfated glycopeptide derived from porcine duodenal mucin, for the treatment of dry eye disease. Methods NOD.B10.H2b mice were exposed to an air draft for 10 days, and, simultaneously, scopolamine hydrobromide was injected subcutaneously. The mice were randomly divided into nine groups as follows: four kinds of SOS formulations and three kinds of commercial medicine. After 10 days of treatment, we estimated the effect of treatment on tear production, epithelium stabilization, mucin secretion, and inflammation. Results The desiccation stress significantly decreased tear production and corneal epithelium stabilization, as well as markedly decreased the numbers of goblet cells and mucin-stained cells in conjunctiva. However, the topical 4% SOS eye drops markedly increased tear production and corneal stabilization, which recovered to baseline levels. In addition, topical 4% SOS significantly induced an increase in the numbers of goblet cells and the expression of membrane-associated mucins including MUC1, MUC4, and MUC16, as well as the gel-forming mucin, MUC5AC. Furthermore, SOS formulations provided anti-inflammatory improvement in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions In summary, we suggest that a new ophthalmic pharmaceutical formulation, topical sulglycotide, enhances the ocular mucin secretion in dry eye disease and can be used as a new ophthalmic pharmaceutical material to treat dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyesook Lee
- T2B Infrastructure Center for Ocular Diseases, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busanjin-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon City, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Eun Kim
- T2B Infrastructure Center for Ocular Diseases, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busanjin-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon City, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewook Yang
- T2B Infrastructure Center for Ocular Diseases, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busanjin-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busanjin-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Schechter BA. Use of topical bromfenac for treating ocular pain and inflammation beyond cataract surgery: a review of published studies. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13:1439-1460. [PMID: 31534309 PMCID: PMC6682171 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s208700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Topical ophthalmic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to treat postoperative inflammation and pain following cataract surgery and for treatment and prophylaxis of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (CME). Bromfenac is a brominated NSAID with strong in vitro anti-inflammatory potency. Like other ophthalmic NSAIDs, bromfenac is often used outside of the cataract surgery setting. This paper provides an overview of bromfenac’s preclinical ocular pharmacology and pharmacokinetics, followed by a review of 23 published clinical studies in which various marketed bromfenac formulations were used for conditions other than cataract surgery or pseudophakic CME. These include: post-refractive eye surgery; macular edema associated with diabetes, uveitis, or retinal vein occlusion; inflammation associated with age-related macular degeneration; pain related to intravitreal injections; and other ocular anterior segment and surface disorders with an inflammatory component. The published evidence reviewed supports the safety and effectiveness of bromfenac in these additional ophthalmic indications. Bromfenac was well tolerated when given alone or in combination with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents, topical corticosteroids, or topical mast-cell stabilizers. The most common adverse event reported was ocular irritation. No serious adverse events (ie, corneal epithelial disorders) were reported, although the majority of studies did not systematically evaluate potential side effects. Corneal complications, such as melts reported with diclofenac and ketorolac, were not observed with bromfenac in the studies. In summary, published study data support the clinical utility of bromfenac in various ocular disorders beyond post-cataract surgery. Additional studies are warranted to further define the potential role of bromfenac ophthalmic solution in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry A Schechter
- Cornea and Cataract Service, Florida Eye Microsurgical Institute, Boynton Beach, FL, USA
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22
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Yazdani M, Elgstøen KBP, Rootwelt H, Shahdadfar A, Utheim ØA, Utheim TP. Tear Metabolomics in Dry Eye Disease: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3755. [PMID: 31374809 PMCID: PMC6695908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial syndrome that can be caused by alteration in the quality or quantity of the precorneal tear film. It is considered one of the most common ocular conditions leading patients to seek eye care. The current method for diagnostic evaluations and follow-up examinations of DED is a combination of clinical signs and symptoms determined by clinical tests and questionnaires, respectively. The application of powerful omics technologies has opened new avenues toward analysis of subjects in health and disease. Metabolomics is a new emerging and complementary research discipline to all modern omics in the comprehensive analysis of biological systems. The identification of distinct metabolites and integrated metabolic profiles in patients can potentially inform clinicians at an early stage or during monitoring of disease progression, enhancing diagnosis, prognosis, and the choice of therapy. In ophthalmology, metabolomics has gained considerable attention over the past decade but very limited such studies have been reported on DED. This paper aims to review the application of tear metabolomics in DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazyar Yazdani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, 0450 Oslo, Norway.
- Center for Eye Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, 0450 Oslo, Norway.
- The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, 0366 Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Helge Rootwelt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 0027 Oslo, Norway
| | - Aboulghassem Shahdadfar
- Center for Eye Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Tor Paaske Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, 0366 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, 3019 Drammen, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stavanger University Hospital, 4011 Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, 4604 Arendal, Norway
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway
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Dry eye disease: A longitudinal study among pregnant women in Enugu, south east, Nigeria. Ocul Surf 2019; 17:458-463. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Stonecipher K, Abell TG, Chotiner B, Chotiner E, Potvin R. Combined low level light therapy and intense pulsed light therapy for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13:993-999. [PMID: 31354233 PMCID: PMC6573774 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s213664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the effects of combined intense pulsed light therapy (IPL) and low-level light therapy (LLLT) on clinical measures of dry eye related to severe meibomian gland disease (MGD) in subjects unresponsive to previous medical management. Patients and Methods This was a retrospective chart review of patients treated by 4 physicians at 3 centers. All patients were documented treatment failures with traditional pharmaceutical therapy. They all had their MGD evaluated before treatment using a grading scale (0-4), tear breakup time in seconds and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. To be included, all patients had to have had a short course of adjunct pharmaceutical or device-related therapy, along with a combined IPL/LLLT treatment. As well, a second MGD evaluation with the same three measures had to have been conducted 1-3 months post treatment. Results A total of 460 eyes of 230 patients were identified for inclusion in the data set. Mean OSDI scores were significantly lower after treatment; 70.4% of patients had pretreatment OSDI scores indicative of dry eye; this dropped to 29.1% of patients after treatment. A 1-step or greater reduction in MGD grading was observed in 70% of eyes, with 28% of eyes having a 2-step or greater reduction. Tear breakup time was ≤6 seconds in 86.7% of eyes pretreatment, dropping to 33.9% of eyes after treatment. There were no ocular or facial adverse events or side effects related to the combined light treatment. Conclusion The use of combined IPL/LLLT for the treatment of severe MGD appears to be beneficial in patients who have failed topical and/or systemic therapy.
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Yeu E, Goldberg DF, Mah FS, Beckman KA, Luchs JI, Solomon JD, White DE, Gupta PK. Safety and efficacy of amniotic cytokine extract in the treatment of dry eye disease. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13:887-894. [PMID: 31213759 PMCID: PMC6549774 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s203510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of cryopreserved amniotic cytokine extract (ACE) in the treatment of subjects with dry eye disease (DED). Patients and methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter, chart review of adult patients with DED that instilled cryopreserved ACE drops twice-daily for 4 or 12 weeks. Patients had corneal fluorescein staining (0-20 range) and/or a lissamine green conjunctival staining score (0-18 range) of ≥3 and ≤9 in at least 1 eye and a score ≥40 (0-100 range) of eye dryness/irritation on a visual analog scale (VAS). Following completion of a treatment course, medical records were reviewed from the initiation of therapy (baseline), and at post-treatment visits (4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks). Patient records for visual acuity, adverse events, corneal fluorescein staining, conjunctival lissamine green staining, and symptom scores of ocular dryness/irritation were reviewed for each visit, as available. Safety and tolerability were assessed through the evaluation of patient-reported adverse events recorded in the medical records. Results: A total of 54 eligible patients were identified at 7 clinical sites; 16 patients administered ACE drops for 4-weeks, and 38 patients instilled ACE drops for 12 weeks. Significant improvements in the mean changes from baseline were observed for corneal fluorescein staining, lissamine green staining, visual acuity (LogMar) and VAS ocular symptom scores at the 4-week post-treatment visit (p<0.01). Additional improvements continued out to the 12-week follow-up assessment visits. Two patients discontinued therapy due to reports of ocular burning or foreign body sensation. Conclusion: The cryopreserved ACE formulation was well-tolerated and effective in reducing the clinical signs and symptoms of DED. Conduct of a vehicle-controlled prospective study is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Yeu
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | | | | | - Kenneth A Beckman
- Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Comprehensive Eye Care of Central Ohio, Westerville, OH, USA
| | - Jodi I Luchs
- Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA
- South Shore Eye Care, Wantagh, NY, USA
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Sharif R, Bak-Nielsen S, Hjortdal J, Karamichos D. Pathogenesis of Keratoconus: The intriguing therapeutic potential of Prolactin-inducible protein. Prog Retin Eye Res 2018; 67:150-167. [PMID: 29758268 PMCID: PMC6235698 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Keratoconus (KC) is the most common ectatic corneal disease, with clinical findings that include discomfort, visual disturbance and possible blindness if left untreated. KC affects approximately 1:400 to 1:2000 people worldwide, including both males and females. The aetiology and onset of KC remains a puzzle and as a result, the ability to treat or reverse the disease is hampered. Sex hormones are known to play a role in the maintenance of the structure and integrity of the human cornea. Hormone levels have been reported to alter corneal thickness, curvature, and sensitivity during different times of menstrual cycle. Surprisingly, the role of sex hormones in corneal diseases and KC has been largely neglected. Prolactin-induced protein, known to be regulated by sex hormones, is a new KC biomarker that has been recently proposed. Studies herein discuss the role of sex hormones as a control mechanism for KC onset and progression and evidence supporting the view that prolactin-induced protein is an important hormonally regulated biomarker in KC is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab Sharif
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States
| | - Sashia Bak-Nielsen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus DK-8200, Denmark
| | - Jesper Hjortdal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus DK-8200, Denmark
| | - Dimitrios Karamichos
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States; Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, 608 Stanton L. Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States.
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Ziaragkali S, Kotsalidou A, Trakos N. Dry Eye Disease in Routine Rheumatology Practice. Mediterr J Rheumatol 2018; 29:127-139. [PMID: 32185314 PMCID: PMC7046047 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.29.3.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most frequent ophthalmological conditions, with a major impact on patients’ quality of life. Tear film instability and tear hyperosmolarity are considered to play a crucial role in the vicious cycle of dry eye disease. They occur as a result of, either a reduced lacrimal secretion or an excessive evaporation from the tear film. There is a well-known association of DED, not only with autoimmune diseases but also with other systemic diseases and medication. Early diagnosis is important and it is based on the presence of classical symptoms and signs of dry eye in combination with specialized methods. The comprehension of the pathophysiology is significant, as different approaches can be taken to treat DED, depending on the cause and primary source of the disease, as well as on disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nikolaos Trakos
- Op Eyelids, Lacrimal & Orbital Department, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece
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