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Fan B, Jin X, Ding Q, Cao C, Shi Y, Zhu H, Zhou W. Expression of miR-451a in Prostate Cancer and Its Effect on Prognosis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 50:772-779. [PMID: 34183927 PMCID: PMC8219609 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v50i4.6002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: To investigate the expression of miR-451a in prostate cancer tissues and its effect on prognosis. Methods: Each of 78 specimens of prostate cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent normal tissues were collected from patients in Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China from Apr 2014 to Jun 2015. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-451a in tissues. The relationship between the expression of miR-451a and clinical pathological parameters was analyzed. The median expression of miR-451a in the experimental group was used to distinguish the high and low expressions of miR-451a in the experimental group. Kaplan-Meier was used to analyze the survival of miR-451a high and low expression groups. Results: The expressions of miR-451a in the patient’s tissues and serum were decreased, and the correlation analysis found that they were positively correlated. ROC curve analysis showed that miR-451a had a high clinical value in the diagnosis of prostate cancer and the area under the curve was 0.921. The incidence of stage III+IV lymph node metastasis, Gleason score of >7 points and a serum Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of >20 ng/ml in patients of the low expression group increased significantly. The 5-yr survival rate of patients with low expression was significantly lower than that of those with high expression (P=0.005). MiR-451a was an independent factor affecting the prognosis of patients. Conclusion: miR-451a is lowly expressed in prostate cancer, and patients with low expression have a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Fan
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Jin
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
| | - Qi Ding
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Cao
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
| | - Hailiang Zhu
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
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Konoshenko MY, Laktionov PP. MiRNAs and radical prostatectomy: Current data, bioinformatic analysis and utility as predictors of tumour relapse. Andrology 2021; 9:1092-1107. [PMID: 33638886 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of microRNAs (miRNAs) and genes have particular interest for cancer biology and medicine due to the discovery of new therapeutic targets and markers. These studies are extensively influenced by anticancer therapy, as miRNAs interfere with the therapy's efficacy in prostate cancer (PCa). OBJECTIVES In this article, we summarise the available data on the influence of radical prostatectomy (RP) and biochemical recurrence on miRNA expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Molecular targets of these miRNAs, as well as the reciprocal relations between different miRNAs and their targets, were studied using the DIANA, STRING and TransmiR databases. Special attention was dedicated to the mechanisms of PCa development, miRNA, and associated genes as tumour development mediators. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Combined analysis of the databases and available literature indicates that expression of four miRNAs that are associated with prostate cancer relapse and alter their expression after RP, combined with genes that closely interact with selected miRNAs, has high potential for the prediction of PCa relapse after RP. PCa tissues and biofluids, both immediately after RP for diagnostics/prognostics and in long-term (relapse) monitoring, may be used as sources of these miRNAs. CONCLUSION An overview of the usefulness of published data and bioinformatics resources looking for diagnostic markers and molecular targets is presented in this article. The selected miRNA and gene panels have good potential as prognostic and PCa relapse markers after RP and likely could also serve as markers for therapeutic efficiency on a broader scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Yu Konoshenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Pavel P Laktionov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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A Novel Predictor Tool of Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy Based on a Five-MicroRNA Tissue Signature. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101603. [PMID: 31640261 PMCID: PMC6826532 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Within five to ten years after radical prostatectomy (RP), approximately 15–34% of prostate cancer (PCa) patients experience biochemical recurrence (BCR), which is defined as recurrence of serum levels of prostate-specific antigen >0.2 µg/L, indicating probable cancer recurrence. Models using clinicopathological variables for predicting this risk for patients lack accuracy. There is hope that new molecular biomarkers, like microRNAs (miRNAs), could be potential candidates to improve risk prediction. Therefore, we evaluated the BCR prognostic capability of 20 miRNAs, which were selected by a systematic literature review. MiRNA expressions were measured in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue RP samples of 206 PCa patients by RT-qPCR. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed, to assess the independent prognostic potential of miRNAs. Internal validation was performed, using bootstrapping and the split-sample method. Five miRNAs (miR-30c-5p/31-5p/141-3p/148a-3p/miR-221-3p) were finally validated as independent prognostic biomarkers. Their prognostic ability and accuracy were evaluated using C-statistics of the obtained prognostic indices in the Cox regression, time-dependent receiver-operating characteristics, and decision curve analyses. Models of miRNAs, combined with relevant clinicopathological factors, were built. The five-miRNA-panel outperformed clinically established BCR scoring systems, while their combination significantly improved predictive power, based on clinicopathological factors alone. We conclude that this miRNA-based-predictor panel will be worth to be including in future studies.
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Hoey C, Ahmed M, Fotouhi Ghiam A, Vesprini D, Huang X, Commisso K, Commisso A, Ray J, Fokas E, Loblaw DA, He HH, Liu SK. Circulating miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers to predict aggressive prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. J Transl Med 2019; 17:173. [PMID: 31122242 PMCID: PMC6533745 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1920-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is an extremely heterogeneous disease. Despite being clinically similar, some tumours are more likely to recur after surgery compared to others. Distinguishing those that need adjuvant or salvage radiotherapy will improve patient outcomes. The goal of this study was to identify circulating microRNA that could independently predict prostate cancer patient risk stratification after radical prostatectomy. METHODS Seventy-eight prostate cancer patients were recruited at the Odette Cancer Centre in Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre. All patients had previously undergone radical prostatectomy. Blood samples were collected simultaneously for PSA testing and miRNA analysis using NanoString nCounter technology. Of the 78 samples, 75 had acceptable miRNA quantity and quality. Patients were stratified into high- and low-risk categories based on Gleason score, pathological T stage, surgical margin status, and diagnostic PSA: patients with Gleason ≥ 8; pT3a and positive margin; pT3b and any margin; or diagnostic PSA > 20 µg/mL were classified as high-risk (n = 44) and all other patients were classified as low-risk (n = 31). RESULTS Using our patient dataset, we identified a four-miRNA signature (miR-17, miR-20a, miR-20b, miR-106a) that can distinguish high- and low-risk patients, in addition to their pathological tumour stage. High expression of these miRNAs is associated with shorter time to biochemical recurrence in the TCGA dataset. These miRNAs confer an aggressive phenotype upon overexpression in vitro. CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-principle report highlights the potential of circulating miRNAs to independently predict risk stratification of prostate cancer patients after radical prostatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hoey
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - M Ahmed
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, niversity Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Fotouhi Ghiam
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook-Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - D Vesprini
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook-Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - X Huang
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - K Commisso
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - A Commisso
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - J Ray
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - E Fokas
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - D A Loblaw
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook-Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - H H He
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, niversity Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - S K Liu
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook-Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Hoey C, Liu SK. Circulating blood miRNAs for prostate cancer risk stratification: miRroring the underlying tumor biology with liquid biopsies. Res Rep Urol 2019; 11:29-42. [PMID: 30881943 PMCID: PMC6398395 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s165625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Current risk stratification methods for prostate cancer – although they have seen marked improvements over the past decades – are far from perfect. Despite the significant utility of prostate-specific antigen as a biomarker to monitor for disease recurrence, it cannot predict which tumors will recur or recommend the best treatment for patients. Similarly, although biopsies are imperative for diagnosis and staging, they are saddled with limitations and risks. We must move toward a noninvasive biomarker that has predictive and prognostic efficacy. We therefore review the current literature on circulating miRNA biomarkers, apply their use to two significant clinical problems (ie, how limitations of prostate biopsies can impact diagnosis and treatment management, and the need to tailor treatment for a clinically heterogeneous disease), and evaluate how circulating miRNAs have inherent properties that make them ideal liquid biomarkers. We also outline current gaps in knowledge that must be addressed before they can be implemented into routine clinical practice. With further research on their function and validation of their biomarker utility in large prospective cohorts, circulating miRNAs will likely prove to be the liquid biopsies of tomorrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christianne Hoey
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada, .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada,
| | - Stanley K Liu
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada, .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada, .,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada,
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Abstract
Prostate cancer still represents a major health problem for men worldwide. Due to the specific limitation of the currently used clinical biomarkers for prostate cancer, there is a need to identify new and more accurate prostate-specific biomarkers, both for diagnosis and prediction. Small noncoding species of RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as possible biomarkers in cancer tissues as well as biological fluids, including for prostate cancer. Moreover, it has been shown that miRNAs could be used as therapeutic targets in different cancer types, including prostate cancer, playing an important role in improving diagnosis and prognosis; and miRNAs have the potential to be clinically useful as predictors of response to personalized cancer therapy and as predictors of prognosis. The analysis of miRNAs in prostate tissue is rather straightforward and has been routinely done on fresh tissue. In addition, due to the more stable nature of miRNAs, they are amenable to be analyzed in archived formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue as well, and also in serum, plasma and urine, using various analytical platforms including microarrays, next generation sequencing and real time PCR. Moreover, although the existence or prostasomes (microvesicles secreted by prostate cells including prostate cancer cells) has been known for years and they were studied as a source of biomarkers for prostate cancer, only recently it has been described that these vesicles also contain miRNAs that could be used as biomarkers in prostate cancer. This chapter underscores the feasibility of current technologies for miRNA analysis and their importance in prostate cancer biology. Moreover, elucidating the specific alteration of miRNA expression and how to modulate it in prostate tissue will open new avenues for developing therapeutic strategies for prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu Balacescu
- Department of Functional Genomics, Proteomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Catalin Marian
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.
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Stephan C, Jung K. Advances in Biomarkers for PCa Diagnostics and Prognostics-A Way towards Personalized Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102193. [PMID: 29053613 PMCID: PMC5666874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Stephan
- Department of Urology, Charité University Hospital, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Klaus Jung
- Department of Urology, Charité University Hospital, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
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