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Zhang Y, Zhan L, Jiang X, Tang X. Comprehensive review for non-coding RNAs: From mechanisms to therapeutic applications. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 224:116218. [PMID: 38643906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are an assorted collection of transcripts that are not translated into proteins. Since their discovery, ncRNAs have gained prominence as crucial regulators of various biological functions across diverse cell types and tissues, and their abnormal functioning has been implicated in disease. Notably, extensive research has focused on the relationship between microRNAs (miRNAs) and human cancers, although other types of ncRNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are also emerging as significant contributors to human disease. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of our current knowledge regarding the roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in cancer and other major human diseases, particularly cancer, cardiovascular, neurological, and infectious diseases. Moreover, we discuss the potential utilization of ncRNAs as disease biomarkers and as targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanJun Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223005, China
| | - Lijuan Zhan
- College of Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223005, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- College of Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223005, China.
| | - Xiaozhu Tang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Kalmatte A, Rekha PD, Ratnacaram CK. Emerging cell cycle related non-coding RNA biomarkers from saliva and blood for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9479-9496. [PMID: 37717257 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08791-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The unnotified or undifferentiable early stages of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progression are the prime reasons for late-stage detection and poor survival outcomes of oral cancer. This review summarizes the prior research and recent advancements on the influence of dysregulated non-coding RNA (ncRNA) on cell cycle and their employability as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of oral cancer. The literature search was performed using the following keywords: 'serum/saliva non-coding RNAs' and 'serum/saliva non-coding RNAs and cell cycle', 'serum/saliva dysregulated ncRNAs and cell cycle', 'Cdk/CKI and ncRNAs', 'tissue ncRNAs' concerning 'oral cancer''. The compiled data focuses mainly on the diagnostic and prognostic significance of MicroRNAs (miRNAs), Circular RNAs (circRNAs), and Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) on oral cancer and all other cancers as well as subject-relevant articles published in languages other than English are beyond the scope of this review and excluded from the study. Moreover, articles focusing on DNA, protein, and metabolite markers are eliminated from the study. While there exist various potential biomolecules such as DNA, RNA, proteins, metabolites, and specific antigens representing predictive biomarkers in body fluids for oral cancer, this review completely focuses on non-coding RNAs restricted to saliva and blood, picking out a few of the reliable ones amongst the recent investigations based on the sophisticated techniques, cohort, and sensitivity as well as specificity, i.e., salivary miR-1307-5p, miR-3928, hsa_circ_0001874 and ENST00000412740, NR_131012, ENST00000588803, NR_038323, miR-21 in circulation. Thus, further studies are required to clinically confirm the usage of these non-invasive biomarkers in oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asrarunissa Kalmatte
- Srinivas College Of Physiotherapy, City Campus, Pandeshwar, Mangaluru, Karnataka, 575001, India
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Punchappady Devasya Rekha
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Chandrahas Koumar Ratnacaram
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, 575018, India.
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Tan Y, Wang Z, Xu M, Li B, Huang Z, Qin S, Nice EC, Tang J, Huang C. Oral squamous cell carcinomas: state of the field and emerging directions. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:44. [PMID: 37736748 PMCID: PMC10517027 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00249-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) develops on the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity. It accounts for approximately 90% of oral malignancies and impairs appearance, pronunciation, swallowing, and flavor perception. In 2020, 377,713 OSCC cases were reported globally. According to the Global Cancer Observatory (GCO), the incidence of OSCC will rise by approximately 40% by 2040, accompanied by a growth in mortality. Persistent exposure to various risk factors, including tobacco, alcohol, betel quid (BQ), and human papillomavirus (HPV), will lead to the development of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which are oral mucosal lesions with an increased risk of developing into OSCC. Complex and multifactorial, the oncogenesis process involves genetic alteration, epigenetic modification, and a dysregulated tumor microenvironment. Although various therapeutic interventions, such as chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, and nanomedicine, have been proposed to prevent or treat OSCC and OPMDs, understanding the mechanism of malignancies will facilitate the identification of therapeutic and prognostic factors, thereby improving the efficacy of treatment for OSCC patients. This review summarizes the mechanisms involved in OSCC. Moreover, the current therapeutic interventions and prognostic methods for OSCC and OPMDs are discussed to facilitate comprehension and provide several prospective outlooks for the fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengtong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
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Aghiorghiesei O, Irimie AI, Braicu C, Raduly L, Nutu A, Balint E, Mehterov N, Vladimirov B, Sarafian V, Lucaciu O, Campian R, Berindan-Neagoe I. Epigenetic methylation changes: implication as biomarkers in oral and maxillofacial area cancers. Med Pharm Rep 2023; 96:310-317. [PMID: 37577021 PMCID: PMC10419680 DOI: 10.15386/mpr-2570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most frequent cancer of the head and neck area in the oral cavity. Epigenetic alterations in oral and maxillofacial area cancers are urgently needed to be investigated, as the observed changes might have crucial diagnostic value for personalized medicine. Methods Our study aimed to identify the most frequently hypermethylated tumor suppressor gene promoters in OSCC, followed by correlation analysis with the patients' survival. We evaluated the methylation status of the promoters in a panel of 22 tumor suppressor genes in Romanian (n=9) and Bulgarian (n=12) patient groups suffering from oral and maxillofacial area cancers. The extracted DNA was further digested through EpiTect Methyl II PCR Array System containing methylation-sensitive and methylation-dependent restriction enzymes, followed by specific amplification of the products obtained by qPCR and data analysis using the online platform provided by the producer. Results Different methylation patterns were observed in the tumor suppressor genes' promoters. Among them, the methylation profile of Cccnd2, Chd1, Cdh13, Cdkn1c, Neurog1, Gstp1, and Runx3 genes further correlated with overall survival rates. Conclusions Our data emphasize that epigenetic alterations are responsible for the clinical heterogeneity of oral and maxillofacial area cancers and significantly impact on patient survival. Additional investigation on a larger patient cohort should validate these potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu Aghiorghiesei
- Department of Oral Health, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Division Dental Propaedeutics, Aesthetic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Iulia Irimie
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Division Dental Propaedeutics, Aesthetic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lajos Raduly
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Nutu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Emilia Balint
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Boyan Vladimirov
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital St. George, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ondine Lucaciu
- Department of Preventive Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Radu Campian
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Esquivel-Chirino C, Bolaños-Carrillo MA, Carmona-Ruiz D, Lopéz-Macay A, Hernández-Sánchez F, Montés-Sánchez D, Escuadra-Landeros M, Gaitán-Cepeda LA, Maldonado-Frías S, Yáñez-Ocampo BR, Ventura-Gallegos JL, Laparra-Escareño H, Mejía-Velázquez CP, Zentella-Dehesa A. The Protective Role of Cranberries and Blueberries in Oral Cancer. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2330. [PMID: 37375955 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancer has a high prevalence worldwide, and this disease is caused by genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. The main risk factors associated with oral cancer are smoking and alcohol. RESULTS There are various strategies to reduce risk factors, including prevention programs as well as the consumption of an adequate diet that includes phytochemical compounds derived from cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon A.) and blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.); these compounds exhibit antitumor properties. RESULTS The main outcome of this review is as follows: the properties of phytochemicals derived from cranberries were evaluated for protection against risk factors associated with oral cancer. CONCLUSIONS The secondary metabolites of cranberries promote biological effects that provide protection against smoking and alcoholism. An alternative for the prevention of oral cancer can be the consumption of these cranberries and blueberries.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Esquivel-Chirino
- Área de Básicas Médicas, División de Estudios Profesionales, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Mario Augusto Bolaños-Carrillo
- Área de Ciencias Naturales, Departamento de Bachillerato, Universidad del Valle de México, Campus Guadalajara Sur, Guadalajara 045601, Mexico
| | - Daniela Carmona-Ruiz
- Área de Ortodoncia, División de Estudios Profesionales, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Ambar Lopéz-Macay
- Laboratorio de Liquído Sinovial, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación LGII, Ciudad de México 14389, Mexico
| | - Fernando Hernández-Sánchez
- Departamento de Virología y Micología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Ciudad de México 04502, Mexico
| | - Delina Montés-Sánchez
- Investigación Biomédica Básica, Licenciatura en Estomatología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 75770, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Alberto Gaitán-Cepeda
- Departamento de Medicina y Patología Oral Clínica, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Silvia Maldonado-Frías
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería de Tejidos, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04360, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Raquel Yáñez-Ocampo
- Especialidad en Periodoncia e Implantología, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - José Luis Ventura-Gallegos
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Hugo Laparra-Escareño
- Departamento de Cirugía, Sección de Cirugía Vascular y Terapia, Instituto de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Claudia Patricia Mejía-Velázquez
- Departamento de Patología, Medicina Bucal y Maxilofacial, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Zentella-Dehesa
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Unidad de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
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Jurj A, Zanoaga O, Raduly L, Morhan V, Papi Z, Ciocan C, Pop LA, Berindan-Neagoe I, Braicu C. Discovering the Biological Significance and Therapeutic Potential of miR-29b-3p in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5048. [PMID: 36902482 PMCID: PMC10003717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The lack of estrogen or progesterone receptors and absence of HER2 amplification/overexpression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) restricts therapeutic options used in clinical management. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding transcripts which affect important cellular mechanisms by regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Among this class, attention was focused on miR-29b-3p with a high profile in TNBC and correlated with the overall survival rates, as TCGA data revealed. This study aims to investigate the implication of the miR-29b-3p inhibitor in TNBC cell lines by identifying a potential therapeutic transcript, improving the clinical outcomes of this disease. The experiments were performed on two TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and BT549) as in vitro models. An established dose of 50 nM was used for all functional assays performed on the miR-29b-3p inhibitor. A decreased level of miR-29b-3p determined a significant reduction in cell proliferation and colony-forming capacity. At the same time, the changes occurring at the molecular and cellular levels were highlighted. We observed that, when inhibiting the expression level of miR-29b-3p, processes such as apoptosis and autophagy were activated. Further, microarray data revealed that the miRNA expression pattern was altered after miR-29b-3p inhibition, pointing out 8 overexpressed and 11 downregulated miRNAs specific for BT549 cells and 33 upregulated and 10 downregulated miRNAs that were specific for MDA-MB-231 cells. As a common signature for both cell lines, three transcripts were observed, two downregulated, miR-29b-3p and miR-29a, and one upregulated, miR-1229-5p. According to DIANA miRPath, the main predicted targets are related to ECM (extracellular matrix) receptor interaction and TP53 signaling. An additional validation step through qRT-PCR was performed, which showed an upregulation of MCL1 and TGFB1. By inhibiting the expression level of miR-29b-3p, it was shown that complex regulatory pathways targeted this transcript in TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ancuta Jurj
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Zanoaga
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lajos Raduly
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad Morhan
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Zsofia Papi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Cristina Ciocan
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laura-Ancuta Pop
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Erfanparast L, Taghizadieh M, Shekarchi AA. Non-Coding RNAs and Oral Cancer: Small Molecules With Big Functions. Front Oncol 2022; 12:914593. [PMID: 35898889 PMCID: PMC9309727 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.914593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer remains a major public concern with considerable socioeconomic impact in the world. Despite substantial advancements have been made in treating oral cancer, the five-year survival rate for oral cancer remained undesirable, and the molecular mechanisms underlying OSCC carcinogenesis have not been fully understood. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) include transfer RNAs (tRNAs), as well as small RNAs such as microRNAs, and the long ncRNAs such as HOTAIR are a large segment of the transcriptome that do not have apparent protein-coding roles, but they have been verified to play important roles in diverse biological processes, including cancer cell development. Cell death, such as apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy, plays a vital role in the progression of cancer. A better understanding of the regulatory relationships between ncRNAs and these various types of cancer cell death is therefore urgently required. The occurrence and development of oral cancer can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the expression of ncRNAs, a method which confers broad prospects for oral cancer treatment. Therefore, it is urgent for us to understand the influence of ncRNAs on the development of different modes of oral tumor death, and to evaluate whether ncRNAs have the potential to be used as biological targets for inducing cell death and recurrence of chemotherapy. The purpose of this review is to describe the impact of ncRNAs on cell apoptosis and autophagy in oral cancer in order to explore potential targets for oral cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Erfanparast
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadieh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Taghizadieh,
| | - Ali Akbar Shekarchi
- Department of Pathology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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8
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Sur S, Steele R, Ko BCB, Zhang J, Ray RB. Long noncoding RNA ELDR promotes cell cycle progression in normal oral keratinocytes through induction of a CTCF-FOXM1-AURKA signaling axis. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101895. [PMID: 35378133 PMCID: PMC9079251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have gained widespread attention as a new layer of regulation in biological processes during development and disease. The lncRNA ELDR (EGFR long noncoding downstream RNA) was recently shown to be highly expressed in oral cancers as compared to adjacent nontumor tissue, and we previously reported that ELDR may be an oncogene as inhibition of ELDR reduces tumor growth in oral cancer models. Furthermore, overexpression of ELDR induces proliferation and colony formation in normal oral keratinocytes (NOKs). In this study, we examined in further detail how ELDR drives the neoplastic transformation of normal keratinocytes. We performed RNA-seq analysis on NOKs stably expressing ELDR (NOK-ELDR), which revealed that ELDR enhances the expression of cell cycle-related genes. Expression of Aurora kinase A and its downstream targets Polo-like kinase 1, cell division cycle 25C, cyclin-dependent kinase 1, and cyclin B1 (CCNB1) are significantly increased in NOK-ELDR cells, suggesting induction of G2/M progression. We further identified CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) as a binding partner of ELDR in NOK-ELDR cells. We show that ELDR stabilizes CTCF and increases its expression. Finally, we demonstrate the ELDR-CTCF axis upregulates transcription factor Forkhead box M1, which induces Aurora kinase A expression and downstream G2/M transition. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the role of the lncRNA ELDR as a potential driver of oral cancer during neoplastic transformation of normal keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhayan Sur
- Departments of Pathology, Saint Louis University, Missouri, USA
| | - Robert Steele
- Departments of Pathology, Saint Louis University, Missouri, USA
| | - Ben C B Ko
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University, Missouri, USA
| | - Ratna B Ray
- Departments of Pathology, Saint Louis University, Missouri, USA.
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9
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Dysregulation of miR-21-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-200c-3p and miR-205-5p in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Potential Biomarkers Panel? Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1754-1767. [PMID: 35723379 PMCID: PMC9164081 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44040121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is considered the sixth most common cancer worldwide. To reduce the high mortality of the disease, sensitive and specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed. Non-coding RNA, microRNAs (miRNAs), which are short length non-coding transcripts, or long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) seem to be potential biomarkers, considering that they have an important role in regulation of cell fate being involved in a wide range of biological processes. Literature data emphasized the important role of these transcripts as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, we have evaluated the expression levels of a panel of four miRNAs (miR-21-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-200c-3p and miR-205-5p) and H19, MALAT1 by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) from 33 fresh frozen tissues and 33 normal adjacent tissues. Our date revealed miR-21-5p and miR-93-5p to be upregulated, while miR-200c-3p and miR-205-5p to be downregulated. Regarding the long non-coding RNAs, H19 and MALAT1, were also downregulated. We also investigated the expression of BCL2, which is another important gene correlated to non-coding RNAs investigated by as, and it was also under-expressed. Additional validation step at protein level was done for KI67, TP53 and BCL2. In our patient cohort no correlation with clinical stage and smoking status was observed. The results of the present study indicated the important role of miR-21-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-205-5p and H19 in OSCC. Differential expression of these transcripts at sub-sites, may serve as a diagnostic marker with further elaboration on a larger sample size. Additional studies should be conducted to confirm the results, particularly the interconnection with coding and non-coding genes.
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10
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The World of Oral Cancer and Its Risk Factors Viewed from the Aspect of MicroRNA Expression Patterns. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040594. [PMID: 35456400 PMCID: PMC9027895 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with a reported 5-year survival rate of around 50% after treatment. Epigenetic modifications are considered to have a key role in oral carcinogenesis due to histone modifications, aberrant DNA methylation, and altered expression of miRNAs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have a key role in cancer development by regulating signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. MiRNA deregulation identified in oral cancer has led to the idea of using them as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In recent years, a key role has been observed for risk factors in preventing and treating this malignancy. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent knowledge about the altered mechanisms of oral cancer due to risk factors and the role of miRNAs in these mechanisms.
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Schitcu VH, Raduly L, Nutu A, Zanoaga O, Ciocan C, Munteanu VC, Cojocneanu R, Petrut B, Coman I, Braicu C, Berindan-Neagoe I. MicroRNA Dysregulation in Prostate Cancer. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2022; 15:177-193. [PMID: 35300057 PMCID: PMC8923686 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s348565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer biology is complex, and needs to be deciphered. The latest evidence reveals the significant role of non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), as key regulatory factors in cancer. Therefore, the identification of altered miRNA patterns involved in prostate cancer will allow them to be used for development of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Patients and Methods: We performed a miRNAs transcriptomic analysis, using microarray (10 matched pairs tumor tissue versus normal adjacent tissue, selected based on inclusion criteria), followed by overlapping with TCGA data. A total of 292 miRNAs were differentially expressed, with 125 upregulated and 167 downregulated in TCGA patients’ cohort with PRAD (prostate adenocarcinoma), respectively for the microarray experiments; 16 upregulated and 44 downregulated miRNAs were found in our cohort. To confirm our results obtained for tumor tissue, we performed validation with qRT-PCR at the tissue and plasma level of two selected transcripts, and finally, we focused on the identification of altered miRNAs involved in key biological processes. Results: A common signature identified a panel of 12 upregulated and 1 downregulated miRNA, targeting and interconnected in a network with the TP53, AGO2, BIRC5 gene and EGFR as a core element. Among this signature, the overexpressed transcripts (miR-20b-5p, miR-96-5p, miR-183-5p) and the downregulated miR-542-5p were validated by qRT-PCR in an additional patients’ cohort of 34 matched tumor and normal adjacent paired samples. Further, we performed the validation of the expression level for miR-20b-5p, miR-96-5p, miR-183-5p plasma, on the same patients’ cohort versus a healthy control group, confirming the overexpression of these transcripts in the PRAD group, demonstrating the liquid biopsy as a potential investigational tool in prostate cancer. Conclusion: In this pilot study, we provide evidence on miRNA dysregulation and its association with key functional components of the PRAD landscape, where an important role is acted by miR-20b-5p, miR-542-5p, or the oncogenic cluster miR-183-96-182.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Horia Schitcu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine, and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400337, Romania
- Department of Urology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400012, Romania
- Department of Urology, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lajos Raduly
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine, and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400337, Romania
| | - Andreea Nutu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine, and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400337, Romania
| | - Oana Zanoaga
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine, and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400337, Romania
| | - Cristina Ciocan
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine, and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400337, Romania
| | - Vlad Cristian Munteanu
- Department of Urology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400012, Romania
- Department of Urology, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine, and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400337, Romania
| | - Bogdan Petrut
- Department of Urology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400012, Romania
- Department of Urology, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Coman
- Department of Urology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400012, Romania
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine, and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400337, Romania
- Correspondence: Cornelia Braicu, Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine, and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Gh. Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400337, Romania, Tel +40-264-597-256, Fax +40-264-597-257, Email ;
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine, and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400337, Romania
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Huang L, Pei T, Wu G, Liu J, Pan W, Pan X. Circular RNAs as a Diagnostic Biomarker in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 80:756-766. [PMID: 34958738 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2021.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies have found a positive correlation between various cancers and circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are newly discovered noncoding RNAs. However, limited scientific evidence is available to prove the clinical value of circRNAs in the presentation of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to comprehensively explore the potential of circRNAs as diagnostic indexes of OSCC. METHODS Online databases were systematically searched to identify published literature on the discovery of circRNAs in OSCC. Data were acquired from each reviewed study and collated to create a 2 × 2 eventuality table. Hierarchical analysis of the literature was conducted for the type of cancer, year of publication, and the sample size of each study. The diagnostic accuracy was calculated using indexes such as the pooled sensitivity and specificity and critically assessed using the Quality Assessment for Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy 2. RESULTS This meta-analysis included findings of 6 studies on 335 patients diagnosed with OSCC. These 6 studies examined 7 circRNAs, 5 in tissues and 2 in the saliva of patients with OSCC. When used as a diagnostic tool for OSCC, circRNAs manifested a sensitivity level of 0.72 (95% confidence interval: 0.67 to 0.76) and a degree of specificity of 0.81 (95% confidence interval: 0.76 to 0.85), with a general projected probability rate of 3.82 (95% confidence interval: 2.98 to 4.91) being positive and 0.35 (95% confidence interval: 0.29 to 0.41) being negative. The combined probability rate was 11.07 (95% confidence interval: 7.64 to 16.04), comprising a total of 0.76 (95% confidence interval: 0.72 to 0.79) of the region under the curve. A higher diagnostic value was found for salivary circRNAs (diagnostic odds ratio = 17.52; 95% CI: 10.11 to 30.35) than for tissue circRNAs (diagnostic odds ratio = 8.47; 95% CI: 5.6 to 12.83). This indicated that circRNAs showed a good discrimination ability as biomarkers of OSCC. CONCLUSIONS circRNAs showed high accuracy in the diagnosis of OSCC and could be used as prospective biomarkers to facilitate the diagnostic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Huang
- Resident, The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianchu Pei
- Resident, The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guohui Wu
- Resident, The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiamin Liu
- Resident, The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenna Pan
- Resident, The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuan Pan
- Professor, The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Liang Y, Wu X, Lee J, Yu D, Su J, Guo M, Meng N, Qin J, Fan X. lncRNA NR2F2-AS1 inhibits the methylation of miR-494 to regulate oral squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 134:105316. [PMID: 34896865 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA NR2F2-AS1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The TCGA datasets were used to explore the differential expression of NR2F2-AS1 in OSCC. To further explore the potential interaction between NR2F2-AS1 and miR-494, SCC090 cells were transfected with the NR2F2-AS1 expression vector, NR2F2-AS1 siRNA, and a miR-494 mimic. The effect of NR2F2-AS1 on miR-494 methylation was evaluated by performing methylation-specific PCR (MSP). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to assess the effects of NR2F2-AS1 silencing and miR-494 and NR2F2-AS1 overexpression on OSCC cell proliferation. RESULTS NR2F2-AS1 expression was downregulated in OSCC and positively correlated with miR-494 expression. In OSCC cells, NR2F2-AS1 overexpression upregulated miR-494 level, while NR2F2-AS1 silencing decreased miR-494 expression. MSP results showed that NR2F2-AS1 overexpression decreased miR-494 methylation while NR2F2-AS1 silencing increased miR-494 methylation. In addition, NR2F2-AS1 silencing increased OSCC cell proliferation rate while overexpression of miR-494 and NR2F2-AS1 decreased OSCC cell proliferation. Furthermore, miR-494 overexpression attenuated the effects of NR2F2-AS1 silencing on cell proliferation. CONCLUSION NR2F2-AS1 may inhibit miR-494 methylation to regulate cell proliferation in OSCC. AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIALS The analyzed data sets generated during the study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Liang
- Department of Stomatology, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning City, Guangxi Province 530199, China
| | - Xun Wu
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Southern Medical University Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, 518118, China.
| | - Jinli Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, 923 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Nanning City, Guangxi Province 530021, China
| | - Dahai Yu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning City, Guangxi Province 530021, China
| | - Jiping Su
- ENT & HN Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning City, Guangxi Province 530199, China
| | - Mengzhu Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning City, Guangxi Province 530021, China
| | - Ning Meng
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, No. 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning City, Guangxi Province 530021, China
| | - Jiangyuan Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Guangxi General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Nanning China, Nanning City, Guangxi Province 530007, China
| | - Xuemin Fan
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, No. 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning City, Guangxi Province 530021, China
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Jun W, Shaobo O, Xianhua Z, Siyu Z, Mingyang C, Xin F, Ying C, Lan L. Deregulation of hsa_circ_0001971/miR-186 and hsa_circ_0001874/miR-296 signaling pathways promotes the proliferation of oral squamous carcinoma cells by synergistically activating SHP2/PLK1 signals. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20561. [PMID: 34663837 PMCID: PMC8523700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99488-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that circ_0001874 and circ_0001971 are potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of oral squamous carcinoma (OSCC). MiR-186 was reported to serve as a tumor suppressor in OSCC, and the down-regulation of miR-186 was reported to lead to higher expression of oncogenic factor SHP2 and the activation of growth promoting signaling. In this study, we aimed to explore the possible molecular role of circ_0001874 and circ_0001971 signaling in the pathogenesis of OSCC. RT-qPCR, Western blot, online bioinformatics tools and luciferase assay were utilized to study the molecular signaling pathways of circ_0001874 and circ_0001971. MTT assay and FCM assay were performed to investigate the synergistic effect of circ_0001971 and circ_0001874 on cell proliferation and apoptosis. By observing the effect of different miRNAs on the levels of circ_0001847 and circ_0001971, it was identified that circ_0001847 and circ_0001971 respectively sponged the expression of miR-296 and miR-186 via binding to these miRNAs. Also, SHP2 mRNA and PLK1 mRNA were respectively targeted by miR-186 and miR-296-5p. We also established two signaling pathways, i.e., circ_0001971/miR-186/SHP2 and circ_0001874/miR-296-5p/PLK1, and validated the synergistic effect of circ_0001971 and circ_0001874 via observing their positive effect on cell proliferation and negative effect on cell apoptosis. The expression of miR-186 and miR-296-5p was generally lower in saliva of OSCC patients compared with that in OLK patients, while the expression of miR-186 and miR-296-5p was specifically up-regulated in saliva of OSCC patients. In conclusion, the finding of this study demonstrated that the relative level of hsa_circ_0001971 and hsa_circ_0001874 were different in the saliva of OSCC patients and could be used as predictive biomarkers for the development of OSCC. Furthermore, oncogenic effects of hsa_circ_0001971 and hsa_circ_0001874 in the development of OSCC might be, at least partially, mediated by its downstream signaling pathways including hsa_circ_0001971/microRNA-186/SHP2 and hsa_circ_0001874/microRNA-297/PLK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jun
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Ouyang Shaobo
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, 49 Fuzhou Lu, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zhang Xianhua
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, 49 Fuzhou Lu, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zhao Siyu
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, 49 Fuzhou Lu, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Cheng Mingyang
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, 49 Fuzhou Lu, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Fan Xin
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, 49 Fuzhou Lu, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Cai Ying
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, 49 Fuzhou Lu, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Liao Lan
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, 49 Fuzhou Lu, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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Exploring the long noncoding RNAs-based biomarkers and pathogenesis of malignant transformation from dysplasia to oral squamous cell carcinoma by bioinformatics method. Eur J Cancer Prev 2021; 29:174-181. [PMID: 31343435 PMCID: PMC7012364 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in many biological processes and carcinogenesis. We aimed to explore lncRNA-based pathogenesis, diagnostic biomarkers, and predictive factors of malignant transformation from dysplasia to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Microarray data of GSE30784 consisting of 167 OSCC, 17 dysplasia, and 45 normal oral tissues were downloaded from the GEO database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and lncRNAs between the three samples were identified using R, followed by lncRNA-mRNA coexpression and coregulation network analysis for the prediction of lncRNA target genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto encydopedia of gene and genomes pathway analysis were performed to further characterize potential interactions. A total of 4462 DEGs and 76 differentially expressed lncRNAs were screened between the three groups, and 200 DEGs and only double homeobox A pseudogene 10 (DUXAP10) were screened among the three groups. A total of 1662 interactions of 46 lncRNAs and their coexpressed target genes were predicted, and 38 pairs of lncRNA-lncRNA coregulated 843 target genes. The coregulated target genes significantly enriched in antigen adaptive immune response, activation of phagocytosis receptor signaling, mast granule NF-κB inflammation, etc. Overall, lncRNAs were differentially expressed in OSCC and dysplasia. The target genes might play an important role in the carcinogenesis and development of OSCC. These results improve our understanding regarding the lncRNA-based pathogenesis and identify some potential targets for early diagnosis of malignant transformation from dysplasia to OSCC.
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Farshbaf A, Zare R, Mohajertehran F, Mohtasham N. New diagnostic molecular markers and biomarkers in odontogenic tumors. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:3617-3628. [PMID: 33822294 PMCID: PMC8021934 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Odontogenic tumors comprised of complex heterogeneous lesions that diverse from harmatomas to malignant tumors with different behavior and histology. The etiology of odontogenic tumors is not exactly determined and pathologists deal with challenges in diagnosis of odontogenic tumors because they are rare and obtained experiences are difficult to evaluate. In this study, we describe immunohistochemical and molecular markers in diagnosis of odontogenic tumors besides advanced diagnostic technique. Immunohistochemical features of odontogenic tumors beside the clinical features and radiological finding can help us to determine the correct diagnosis. Although these markers are neither specific nor sensitive enough, but analysis of gene expression provides definitive confirmation of diagnosis. In addition, "-omics" technology detected specific molecular alternation associated with etiology such as genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. The post transcriptional events such as DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling by histone modification affect the changes in epigenome. Furthermore, non-coding RNAs like micro-RNAs, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and small non-coding RNA (snoRNA) play regulatory role and impact odontogenesis. Molecular marker propose their potential role in etiopathogenesis of odontogenic tumors and suitable candidate in diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic approaches in addition to patient management. For future evaluations, organoid represents in vitro tumor model-study for tumor behavior, metastasis and invasion, drug screening, immunotherapy, clinical trial, hallmarks association with prognosis and evolution of personalized anti-cancer therapy. Moreover, organoid biobank help us to check genetic profile. We think more investigation and studies are needed to gain these knowledges that can shift therapeutic approaches to target therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alieh Farshbaf
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Zare
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnaz Mohajertehran
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nooshin Mohtasham
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Gong Z, Huang W, Wang B, Liang N, Long S, Li W, Zhou Q. Interplay between cyclooxygenase‑2 and microRNAs in cancer (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:347. [PMID: 33760116 PMCID: PMC7974460 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor‑associated inflammation and aberrantly expressed biomarkers have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in the cancer microenvironment. Cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑2), a prominent inflammatory factor, is highly expressed in tumor cells and contributes to tumor growth, recurrence and metastasis. Overexpression of COX‑2 may occur at both transcriptional and post‑transcriptional levels. Thus, an improved understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of COX‑2 can facilitate the development of novel antitumor therapies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non‑coding RNAs that act as translation repressors of target mRNAs, and play vital roles in regulating cancer development and progression. The present review discusses the association between miRNAs and COX‑2 expression in different types of cancer. Understanding the regulatory role of miRNAs in COX‑2 post‑transcription can provide novel insight for suppressing COX‑2 expression via gene silencing mechanisms, which offer new perspectives and future directions for the development of novel COX‑2 selective inhibitors based on miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexiong Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, P.R. China
| | - Weiguo Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Baiyun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, P.R. China
| | - Na Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, P.R. China
| | - Songkai Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, P.R. China
| | - Wanjun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, P.R. China
| | - Qier Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, P.R. China
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Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression of Key Genes Related to Hippo Signaling and Their Prognosis Impact in Ovarian Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020344. [PMID: 33669647 PMCID: PMC7922135 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway, one of the most conserved in humans, controlling dimensions of organs and tumor growth, is frequently deregulated in several human malignancies, including ovarian cancer (OC). The alteration of Hippo signaling has been reported to contribute to ovarian carcinogenesis and progression. However, the prognostic roles of individual Hippo genes in OC patients remain elusive. Herein we investigated the expression level and prognostic value of key Hippo genes in OC using online databases, followed by a qRT-PCR validation step in an additional patient cohort. Using the GEPIA database, we observed an increased level for TP53 and reduced expression level for LATS1, LATS2, MST1, TAZ, and TEF in tumor tissue versus normal adjacent tissue. Moreover, LATS1, LATS2, TP53, TAZ, and TEF expression levels have prognostic significance correlated with progression-free survival. The qRT-PCR validation step was conducted in an OC patient cohort comprising 29 tumor tissues and 20 normal adjacent tissues, endorsing the expression level for LATS1, LATS2, and TP53, as well as for two of the miRNAs targeting the TP53 gene, revealing miR-25-3p upregulation and miR-181c-5p downregulation. These results display that there are critical prognostic value dysregulations of the Hippo genes in OC. Our data demonstrate the major role the conserved Hippo pathway presents in tumor control, underlying potential therapeutic strategies and controlling several steps modulated by miRNAs and their target genes that could limit ovarian cancer progression.
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circFOXO3: Going around the mechanistic networks in cancer by interfering with miRNAs regulatory networks. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166045. [PMID: 33513429 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.166045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNA) have gained recent interest due to their functional versatility due to their interactions with other RNA species and proteins, all of which underline complex regulatory networks involved in pathogenic mechanisms. As a result, recent insights in circRNA biology are investigating their biomarker and therapeutic potential. One such circRNA is CircFOXO3, which consists of the circularized second exon of the FOXO3 mRNA, a member of the forkhead box transcription factor family involved in the regulation of developmental programs. Recent research focused on the role of circFOXO3 in the context of cancer has highlighted several implications in key tumorigenesis mechanisms, thus consolidating its relevance among other identified circRNAs. In this paper, we will focus on the currently identified case-specific implications of circFOXO3 in cancer, with a focus on the circFOXO3-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks, its interactions with different proteins, and their cumulated biological effects upon tumor development. Therefore, we aim to provide an integrated perspective of the mechanistic implications of circFOXO3 in different cancers while also highlighting its biomarker or therapeutic potential based on the current evidence.
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Angiogenesis in Regenerative Dentistry: Are We Far Enough for Therapy? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020929. [PMID: 33477745 PMCID: PMC7832295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a broad spread term of high interest in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering including the dental field. In the last two decades, researchers worldwide struggled to find the best ways to accelerate healing, stimulate soft, and hard tissue remodeling. Stem cells, growth factors, pathways, signals, receptors, genetics are just a few words that describe this area in medicine. Dental implants, bone and soft tissue regeneration using autologous grafts, or xenografts, allografts, their integration and acceptance rely on their material properties. However, the host response, through its vascularization, plays a significant role. The present paper aims to analyze and organize the latest information about the available dental stem cells, the types of growth factors with pro-angiogenic effect and the possible therapeutic effect of enhanced angiogenesis in regenerative dentistry.
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Sur S, Nakanishi H, Steele R, Zhang D, Varvares MA, Ray RB. Long non-coding RNA ELDR enhances oral cancer growth by promoting ILF3-cyclin E1 signaling. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e51042. [PMID: 33043604 PMCID: PMC7726807 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer with a 5-year overall survival rate of 50%. Thus, there is a critical need to understand the disease process, and to identify improved therapeutic strategies. Previously, we found the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) EGFR long non-coding downstream RNA (ELDR) induced in a mouse tongue cancer model; however, its functional role in human oral cancer remained unknown. Here, we show that ELDR is highly expressed in OSCC patient samples and in cell lines. Overexpression of ELDR in normal non-tumorigenic oral keratinocytes induces cell proliferation, colony formation, and PCNA expression. We also show that ELDR depletion reduces OSCC cell proliferation and PCNA expression. Proteomics data identifies the RNA binding protein ILF3 as an interacting partner of ELDR. We further show that the ELDR-ILF3 axis regulates Cyclin E1 expression and phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein. Intratumoral injection of ELDR-specific siRNA reduces OSCC and PDX tumor growth in mice. These findings provide molecular insight into the role of ELDR in oral cancer and demonstrate that targeting ELDR has promising therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhayan Sur
- Department of PathologySaint Louis UniversitySaint LouisMOUSA
| | | | - Robert Steele
- Department of PathologySaint Louis UniversitySaint LouisMOUSA
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- Department of BiologySaint Louis UniversitySaint LouisMOUSA
| | - Mark A Varvares
- Saint Louis University Cancer CenterSaint LouisMOUSA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryMassachusetts Eye and EarHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Ratna B Ray
- Department of PathologySaint Louis UniversitySaint LouisMOUSA
- Saint Louis University Cancer CenterSaint LouisMOUSA
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22
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Dudea-Simon M, Mihu D, Irimie A, Cojocneanu R, Korban SS, Oprean R, Braicu C, Berindan-Neagoe I. Identification of Core Genes Involved in the Progression of Cervical Cancer Using an Integrative mRNA Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197323. [PMID: 33023042 PMCID: PMC7583959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In spite of being a preventable disease, cervical cancer (CC) remains at high incidence, and it has a significant mortality rate. Although hijacking of the host cellular pathway is fundamental for developing a better understanding of the human papillomavirus (HPV) pathogenesis, a major obstacle is identifying the central molecular targets involved in HPV-driven CC. The aim of this study is to investigate transcriptomic patterns of HPV-infected and normal tissues to identify novel prognostic markers. Analyses of functional enrichment and interaction networks reveal that altered genes are mainly involved in cell cycle, DNA damage, and regulated cell-to-cell signaling. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data has suggested that patients with unfavorable prognostics are more likely to have DNA repair defects attributed, in most cases, to the presence of HPV. However, further studies are needed to fully unravel the molecular mechanisms of such genes involved in CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Dudea-Simon
- 2nd Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.D.-S.); (D.M.)
| | - Dan Mihu
- 2nd Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.D.-S.); (D.M.)
| | - Alexandru Irimie
- Department of Surgery, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Oncology Institute, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gynecological Oncology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (I.B.-N.)
| | - Schuyler S. Korban
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Radu Oprean
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4, Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (I.B.-N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (I.B.-N.)
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuţă” Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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23
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Braicu C, Zanoaga O, Zimta AA, Tigu AB, Kilpatrick KL, Bishayee A, Nabavi SM, Berindan-Neagoe I. Natural compounds modulate the crosstalk between apoptosis- and autophagy-regulated signaling pathways: Controlling the uncontrolled expansion of tumor cells. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:218-236. [PMID: 32502598 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high number of annual cancer-related deaths, and the economic burden that this malignancy affects today's society, the study of compounds isolated from natural sources should be encouraged. Most cancers are the result of a combined effect of lifestyle, environmental factors, and genetic and hereditary components. Recent literature reveals an increase in the interest for the study of phytochemicals from traditional medicine, this being a valuable resource for modern medicine to identify novel bioactive agents with potential medicinal applications. Phytochemicals are components of traditional medicine that are showing promising application in modern medicine due to their antitumor activities. Recent studies regarding two major mechanisms underlying cancer development and regulation, apoptosis and autophagy, have shown that the signaling pathways of both these processes are significantly interconnected through various mechanisms of crosstalk. Phytochemicals are able to activate pro-autophagic and pro-apoptosis mechanisms. Understanding the molecular mechanism involved in apoptosis-autophagy relationship modulated by phytochemicals plays a key role in development of a new therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. The purpose of this review is to outline the bioactive properties of the natural phytochemicals with validated antitumor activity, focusing particularly on their role in the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy crosstalk that triggers the uncontrolled expansion of tumor cells. Furthermore, we have also critically discussed the limitations and challenges of existing research strategies and the prospective research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Zanoaga
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina-Andreea Zimta
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Bogdan Tigu
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Babeș-Bolyai University, Faculty of Biology and Geology, 42 Republicii Street, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1435916471, Iran
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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24
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Cojocneanu R, Braicu C, Raduly L, Jurj A, Zanoaga O, Magdo L, Irimie A, Muresan MS, Ionescu C, Grigorescu M, Berindan-Neagoe I. Plasma and Tissue Specific miRNA Expression Pattern and Functional Analysis Associated to Colorectal Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040843. [PMID: 32244548 PMCID: PMC7226631 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies suggest the implication of microRNAs (miRNAs) in colorectal (CRC) carcinogenesis and disease progression. Nevertheless, the basic mechanism is not yet clear. We determined plasma miRNA expression levels using Agilent microarray technology followed by overlapping with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) tissue data and a qRT-PCR validation step and analysis of the altered miRNA signatures to emphasize new mechanistic insights. For TGCA dataset, we identified 156 altered miRNAs (79 downregulated and 77 upregulated) in colorectal tissue samples versus normal tissue. The microarray experiment is based on 16 control samples, 38 CRC plasma samples from colorectal cancer patients who have not undergone chemotherapy, and 17 chemo-treated samples. In the case of the analysis of CRC cancer versus healthy control we identified 359 altered miRNAs (214 downregulated and 60 upregulated), considering as the cutoff value a fold-change of ±1.5 and p < 0.01. An additional microarray analysis was performed on plasma from untreated colorectal cancer (n = 38) and chemotherapy-treated colorectal cancer patients (n = 17), which revealed 15 downregulated miRNAs and 53 upregulated miRNAs, demonstrating that the plasma miRNA pattern is affected by chemotherapy and emphasizing important regulators of drug resistance mechanisms. For the validation of the microarray data, we selected a panel of 4 miRNAs from the common miRNA signatures for colon and rectal cancer (miR-642b-3p, miR-195-5p and miR-4741). At the tissue level, the expression levels were in agreement with those observed in colorectal plasma. miR-1228-3p, the top upregulated miRNA in CRC, was chosen to be validated on tissue and plasma samples, as it was demonstrated to be downregulated at tissue level in our patient cohort. This was confirmed by TCGA data and was one example of ta ranscript that has a different expression level between tumor tissue and plasma. Developing more efficient investigation methods will help explain the mechanisms responsible for miRNAs released in biofluids, which is the most upregulated transcript in colorectal plasma samples and which can function as a prediction tool within the oncological field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Cojocneanu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (L.R.); (A.J.); (O.Z.); (L.M.); (I.B.-N.)
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (L.R.); (A.J.); (O.Z.); (L.M.); (I.B.-N.)
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (C.I.)
| | - Lajos Raduly
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (L.R.); (A.J.); (O.Z.); (L.M.); (I.B.-N.)
| | - Ancuta Jurj
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (L.R.); (A.J.); (O.Z.); (L.M.); (I.B.-N.)
| | - Oana Zanoaga
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (L.R.); (A.J.); (O.Z.); (L.M.); (I.B.-N.)
| | - Lorand Magdo
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (L.R.); (A.J.); (O.Z.); (L.M.); (I.B.-N.)
| | - Alexandru Irimie
- Department of Surgery, The Oncology Institute “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta”, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gynecological Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai-Stefan Muresan
- 5th Surgical Department, Municipal Hospital, 400139 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Surgery, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Calin Ionescu
- 5th Surgical Department, Municipal Hospital, 400139 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Surgery, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (C.I.)
| | - Mircea Grigorescu
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, 3rd Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (L.R.); (A.J.); (O.Z.); (L.M.); (I.B.-N.)
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta”, Republicii 34 Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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25
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The Regulatory Functions of Circular RNAs in Digestive System Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030770. [PMID: 32213977 PMCID: PMC7140005 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs), which are a type of covalently closed circular RNA, are receiving increasing attention. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that circRNAs are involved in the biogenesis and development of multiple diseases such as digestive system cancers. Dysregulated circRNAs have been found to act as oncogenes or tumour suppressors in digestive system cancers. Moreover, circRNAs are related to ageing and a wide variety of processes in tumour cells, such as cell apoptosis, invasion, migration, and proliferation. Moreover, circRNAs can perform a remarkable multitude of biological functions, such as regulating splicing or transcription, binding RNA-binding proteins to enable function, acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, and undergoing translated into proteins. However, in digestive system cancers, circRNAs function mainly as miRNA sponges. Herein, we summarise the latest research progress on biological functions of circRNAs in digestive system cancers. This review serves as a synopsis of potential therapeutic targets and biological markers for digestive system cancer.
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26
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Drula R, Braicu C, Harangus A, Nabavi SM, Trif M, Slaby O, Ionescu C, Irimie A, Berindan-Neagoe I. Critical function of circular RNAs in lung cancer. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2020; 11:e1592. [PMID: 32180372 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related death in the world, especially due to its frequency and ineffective therapeutically approaches in the late stages of the disease. Despite the recent advent of promising new targeted therapies, lung cancer diagnostic strategies still have difficulty in identifying the disease at an early stage. Therefore, the characterizations of more sensible and specific cancer biomarkers have become an important goal for clinicians. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a type of RNA with covalently closed continuous loop structures that display high structural resistance and tissue specificity pointed toward a potential biomarker role. Current investigations have identified that circRNAs have a prominent function in the regulation of oncogenic pathways, by regulating gene expression both at transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. The aim of this review is to provide novel information regarding the implications of circRNAs in lung cancer, with an emphasis on the role in disease development and progression. Initially, we explored the potential utility of circRNAs as biomarkers, focusing on function, mechanisms, and correlation with disease progression in lung cancer. Further, we will describe the interaction between circRNAs and other non-coding species of RNA (particularly microRNA) and their biological significance in lung cancer. Describing the nature of these interactions and their therapeutic potential will provide additional insight regarding the altered molecular landscape of lung cancer and consolidate the potential clinical value of these circular transcripts. This article is categorized under: RNA Structure and Dynamics > Influence of RNA Structure in Biological Systems RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rares Drula
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Antonia Harangus
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,"Leon Daniello" Pneumology Clinic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Seyed M Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Calin Ionescu
- 5th Surgical Department, Municipal Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Surgery, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Irimie
- Department of Surgery, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Surgical Oncology and Gynecological Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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27
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Boca S, Gulei D, Zimta AA, Onaciu A, Magdo L, Tigu AB, Ionescu C, Irimie A, Buiga R, Berindan-Neagoe I. Nanoscale delivery systems for microRNAs in cancer therapy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:1059-1086. [PMID: 31637450 PMCID: PMC11105078 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03317-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Concomitant with advances in research regarding the role of miRNAs in sustaining carcinogenesis, major concerns about their delivery options for anticancer therapies have been raised. The answer to this problem may come from the world of nanoparticles such as liposomes, exosomes, polymers, dendrimers, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, quantum dots and metal-based nanoparticles which have been proved as versatile and valuable vehicles for many biomolecules including miRNAs. In another train of thoughts, the general scheme of miRNA modulation consists in inhibition of oncomiRNA expression and restoration of tumor suppressor ones. The codelivery of two miRNAs or miRNAs in combination with chemotherapeutics or small molecules was also proposed. The present review presents the latest advancements in miRNA delivery based on nanoparticle-related strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanda Boca
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, 42 T. Laurian, 400271, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Gulei
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina-Andreea Zimta
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Onaciu
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lorand Magdo
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Bogdan Tigu
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Calin Ionescu
- 5th Surgical Department, Municipal Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Irimie
- Department of Oncological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Surgery, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rares Buiga
- Department of Pathology, "Prof Dr. Ion Chiricuta" Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", 34-36 Republicii Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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28
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Irimie-Aghiorghiesei AI, Pop-Bica C, Pintea S, Braicu C, Cojocneanu R, Zimța AA, Gulei D, Slabý O, Berindan-Neagoe I. Prognostic Value of MiR-21: An Updated Meta-Analysis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122041. [PMID: 31766478 PMCID: PMC6947266 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a group of malignancies with serious impact on patient quality of life due to a reduced rate of response to chemotherapy or radiation therapy. MiR-21 has been identified as one of the most common proto-oncogenes. It is hypothesized that upregulated miR-21 could serve as a potential biomarker for human cancer diagnosis. Considering the target genes identified for miR-21 in HNSCC, this transcript is an important player in several cellular processes that control carcinogenesis. The abnormal expression of miR-21 in this group of pathologies has been assessed in several publications, but given the heterogeneity of the published results, a meta-analysis and proper bioinformatics analysis of expression databases are needed to correctly establish the prognostic potential of this molecule. The present meta-analysis comprises the published survival data on HNSCC patients, reported as HR and 95% CI, in association with the expression levels of miR-21. Our investigation revealed that miR-21 could be used successfully as a prognostic biomarker in HNSCC patients, confirming its oncogenic potential. Specifically, the upregulation of miR-21 in these patients predicts a worse outcome in terms of survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Iulia Irimie-Aghiorghiesei
- Department of Prosthetic dentistry and Dental materials, Division Dental Propaedeutics, Aesthetic, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cecilia Pop-Bica
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.P.-B.); (C.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Sebastian Pintea
- Department of Psychology, Babes-Bolyai University, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.P.-B.); (C.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.P.-B.); (C.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Alina-Andreea Zimța
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-A.Z.)
| | - Diana Gulei
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-A.Z.)
| | - Ondřej Slabý
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.P.-B.); (C.B.); (R.C.)
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-A.Z.)
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta”, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40758102794
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29
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Braicu C, Gulei D, Raduly L, Harangus A, Rusu A, Berindan-Neagoe I. Altered expression of miR-181 affects cell fate and targets drug resistance-related mechanisms. Mol Aspects Med 2019; 70:90-105. [PMID: 31703947 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding transcripts which regulate genetic and epigenetic events by interfering with mRNA translation. miRNAs are involved in regulation of cell fate due to their ability of interfering with physiological or pathological processes. In this review paper, we evaluate the role of miR-181 family members as prognostic or diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets in malignant pathologies in connection with the main hallmarks of cancer that are modulated by the family. Also, we take over the dual role of this family in dependency with the tumour suppressor and oncogenic features presented in cell and cancer type specific manner. Restoration of the altered expression levels contributes to the activation of cell death pathways or to a reduction in the invasion and migration mechanism; moreover, the mechanism of drug resistance is also modulated by miR-181 sequences with important applications in therapeutic strategies for malignant cells sensitisation. Overall, the main miR-181 family regulatory mechanisms are presented in a cancer specific context, emphasizing the possible clinical application of this family in terms of novel diagnosis and therapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Diana Gulei
- MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lajos Raduly
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Antonia Harangus
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; "Leon Daniello" Pneumophtisiology Clinic, 6 Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu Street, 400332, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | | | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Zimta AA, Tomuleasa C, Sahnoune I, Calin GA, Berindan-Neagoe I. Long Non-coding RNAs in Myeloid Malignancies. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1048. [PMID: 31681586 PMCID: PMC6813191 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents 80% of adult leukemias and 15-20% of childhood leukemias. AML are characterized by the presence of 20% blasts or more in the bone marrow, or defining cytogenetic abnormalities. Laboratory diagnoses of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) depend on morphological changes based on dysplasia in peripheral blood and bone marrow, including peripheral blood smears, bone marrow aspirate smears, and bone marrow biopsies. As leukemic cells are not functional, the patient develops anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia, leading to fatigue, recurrent infections, and hemorrhage. The genetic background and associated mutations in AML blasts determine the clinical course of the disease. Over the last decade, non-coding RNAs transcripts that do not codify for proteins but play a role in regulation of functions have been shown to have multiple applications in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic approach of various types of cancers, including myeloid malignancies. After a comprehensive review of current literature, we found reports of multiple long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that can differentiate between AML types and how their exogenous modulation can dramatically change the behavior of AML cells. These lncRNAs include: H19, LINC00877, RP11-84C10, CRINDE, RP11848P1.3, ZNF667-AS1, AC111000.4-202, SFMBT2, LINC02082-201, MEG3, AC009495.2, PVT1, HOTTIP, SNHG5, and CCAT1. In addition, by performing an analysis on available AML data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we found 10 lncRNAs with significantly differential expression between patients in favorable, intermediate/normal, or poor cytogenetic risk categories. These are: DANCR, PRDM16-DT, SNHG6, OIP5-AS1, SNHG16, JPX, FTX, KCNQ1OT1, TP73-AS1, and GAS5. The identification of a molecular signature based on lncRNAs has the potential for have deep clinical significance, as it could potentially help better define the evolution from low-grade MDS to high-grade MDS to AML, changing the course of therapy. This would allow clinicians to provide a more personalized, patient-tailored therapeutic approach, moving from transfusion-based therapy, as is the case for low-grade MDS, to the introduction of azacytidine-based chemotherapy or allogeneic stem cell transplantation, which is the current treatment for high-grade MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina-Andreea Zimta
- MedFuture - Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Department of Hematology, Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iman Sahnoune
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MedFuture - Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Progress in Research on the Role of Flavonoids in Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174291. [PMID: 31480720 PMCID: PMC6747533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Therefore, for the prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of lung cancer, efficient preventive strategies and new therapeutic strategies are needed to face these challenges. Natural bioactive compounds and particular flavonoids compounds have been proven to have an important role in lung cancer prevention and of particular interest is the dose used for these studies, to underline the molecular effects and mechanisms at a physiological concentration. The purpose of this review was to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding relevant molecular mechanisms involved in the pharmacological effects, with a special focus on the anti-cancer role, by regulating the coding and non-coding genes. Furthermore, this review focused on the most commonly altered and most clinically relevant oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and microRNAs in lung cancer. Particular attention was given to the biological effect in tandem with conventional therapy, emphasizing the role in the regulation of drug resistance related mechanisms.
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Yu Y, Xiao J, Hann SS. The emerging roles of PIWI-interacting RNA in human cancers. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:5895-5909. [PMID: 31303794 PMCID: PMC6612017 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s209300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNAs that interact with PIWI proteins, which are members of the argonaute family. Originally described in the germline, piRNAs are also expressed in human somatic cells in a tissue-specific manner. piRNAs are involved in spermatogenesis, germ stem-cell maintenance, silencing of transposon, epigenetic and genomic regulation and rearrangement. A large number of studies have demonstrated that expression of piRNAs is involved in many kinds of disease, including cancer. Abnormal expression of piRNAs is emerging as a critical player in cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration in vitro and in vivo. Functionally, piRNAs maintain genomic integrity by repressing the mobilization of transposable elements, and regulate the expression of downstream target genes via transcriptional or post-transcriptional mechanisms. Furthermore, altered expression of piRNAs in cancer is linked to clinical outcome, highlighting the important role that they may play as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. In this review, we focus on the biogenesis and the functional roles of piRNAs in cancers, discuss emerging insights into the roles of piRNAs in the occurrence, progression, and treatment of cancers, reveal various mechanisms underlying piRNAs-mediated gene regulation, and highlight their potential clinical utilities as biomarkers as well as potential targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Yu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, People's Republic of China
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Wu S, Li H, Lu C, Zhang F, Wang H, Lu X, Zhang G. Aberrant expression of hsa_circ_0025036 in lung adenocarcinoma and its potential roles in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis. Biol Chem 2019; 399:1457-1467. [PMID: 30138108 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As the most common histological subtype of lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma remains a tremendous risk to public health, which requires ceaseless efforts to elucidate the potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified with emerging roles in tumorigenesis and development. Our preliminary work noticed that hsa_circ_0025036 was significantly upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. However, its specific roles in lung adenocarcinoma remain unclear. The results in this study revealed that hsa_circ_0025036 existed as a circular form and was aberrantly upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues via quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Its expression level exhibited a close link with aggressive clinicopathological parameters including cancer differentiation, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. hsa_circ_0025036 knockdown significantly suppressed cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis in A549 and Calu-3 cells. Moreover, hsa_circ_0025036/miR-198/SHMT1&TGF-α axis was identified via bioinformatics analysis and Dual-Luciferase Reporter assays. miR-198 inhibitors reversed the function of hsa_circ_0025036 knockdown. hsa_circ_0025036 knockdown exerted similar effects with miR-198 upregulation on cell proliferation and apoptosis. In conclusion, we demonstrate that hsa_circ_0025036 regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells probably via hsa_circ_0025036/miR-198/SHMT1&TGF-α axis. hsa_circ_0025036 may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Chunya Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Furui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Huaqi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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Huang W, Zhou R, Mao L, Deng C, Dang X. Esophageal cancer related gene-4 inhibits the migration and proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma through BC200 lncRNA/MMP-9 and -13 signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2019; 62:109327. [PMID: 31152845 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer related gene-4 (ECRG4) inhibits the malignant phenotype of oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, the molecular mechanisms remain to be explored. Using the tongue carcinoma cell line, TCA8113 as a cell model, we showed that forced expression of ECRG4 down-regulated the expression of the BC200 long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-9 and MMP-13). Restoration of BC200 lncRNA rescued ECRG4-mediated down-regulation of MMP-9 and -13. Furthermore, over-expression of Ecrg4 inhibited cell proliferation and migration, which was abolished by forced expression of BC200 lncRNA in TCA8113 cells. Our results indicate that ECRG4 inhibits the malignant phenotype of TCA8113 cells most likely through suppression of BC200 lncRNA/MMPs signaling pathway, rationalizing that BC200 lncRNA may be a potential target for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Liang Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Chenliang Deng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Xitong Dang
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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35
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Sur S, Nakanishi H, Steele R, Ray RB. Depletion of PCAT-1 in head and neck cancer cells inhibits tumor growth and induces apoptosis by modulating c-Myc-AKT1-p38 MAPK signalling pathways. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:354. [PMID: 30987615 PMCID: PMC6466688 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5562-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents one of the most common malignancies worldwide with a high mortality rate mainly due to lack of early detection markers, frequent association with metastasis and aggressive phenotype. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to have important regulatory roles in human cancers. The lncRNA prostate cancer-associated transcript 1 (PCAT-1) showed potential oncogenic roles in different cancers, however its role in HNSCC is not known. In this study, we evaluated the role of the PCAT-1 in HNSCC. METHODS The expression of PCAT-1 was measured by quantitative real-time PCR in 23 paired human HNSCC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissue specimens. Cell proliferation after depleting PCAT-1 was determined. Effect of PCAT-1 depletion in HNSCC cell lines was determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses. Finally, JHU029 HNSCC cells was implanted subcutaneously into athymic nude mice and therapeutic potential of PCAT-1 was investigated. RESULTS Up-regulation of PCAT-1 in TCGA dataset of HNSCC was noted. We also observed increased expression of PCAT-1 in archived HNSCC patient samples as compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues. Knockdown of PCAT-1 significantly reduced cell proliferation in HNSCC cell lines. Mechanistic study revealed significant down regulation of c-Myc and AKT1 gene in both RNA and protein levels upon knockdown of PCAT-1. We observed that c-Myc and AKT1 positively correlate with PCAT-1 expression in HNSCC. Further, we observed activation of p38 MAPK and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 upon knockdown of PCAT-1 which induces Caspase 9 and PARP mediated apoptosis. Targeted inhibition of PCAT-1 regresses tumor growth in nude mice. CONCLUSION Together our data demonstrated an important role of the PCAT-1 in HNSCC and might serve as a target for HNSCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhayan Sur
- 0000 0004 1936 9342grid.262962.bDepartment of Pathology, Saint Louis University, 1100 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104 USA
| | - Hiroshi Nakanishi
- 0000 0004 1936 9342grid.262962.bDepartment of Pathology, Saint Louis University, 1100 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104 USA
| | - Robert Steele
- 0000 0004 1936 9342grid.262962.bDepartment of Pathology, Saint Louis University, 1100 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104 USA
| | - Ratna B. Ray
- 0000 0004 1936 9342grid.262962.bDepartment of Pathology, Saint Louis University, 1100 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104 USA
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36
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Wang H, Feng C, Wang M, Yang S, Wei F. Circular RNAs: Diversity of Functions and a Regulatory Nova in Oral Medicine: A Pilot Review. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:819-830. [PMID: 30945569 PMCID: PMC6719493 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719837917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral diseases, such as cancers, inflammation, loss of bone/tooth/soft tissues, are serious threats to human health since some can cause systemic disease and effective treatments are limited. Thus, discovering promising biomarkers for physiological and pathological processes in oral medicine, and identifying novel targets for therapy have become a most critical issue. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs), which were once thought to be a class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), are found to be of coding potential. CircRNAs are highly present in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and are key elements in the physiological and biological processes of various pathological conditions, and are also reflected in oral development and progress. Previous studies have indicated that circRNAs are involved in the initiation and development of different types of diseases and tissues (e.g., cancers, cardiovascular diseases, neural development, growth and development, wood healing, liver regeneration). Moreover, growing evidence demonstrates that circRNAs play vital roles in oral cancers and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Here, we focus on the biological characteristics of circRNAs, beginning with an overview of previous studies on the functional roles of circRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in oral medicine. We hope this will give us a promising new comprehension of the underlying mechanisms occurring during related biological and pathological progress, and contribute to the development of effective diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- 1 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,2 Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,* Both authors contributed equally
| | - Cheng Feng
- 3 Jinan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,* Both authors contributed equally
| | - Meng Wang
- 1 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,2 Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangyan Yang
- 1 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,2 Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulan Wei
- 1 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,2 Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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37
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Braicu C, Zimta AA, Gulei D, Olariu A, Berindan-Neagoe I. Comprehensive analysis of circular RNAs in pathological states: biogenesis, cellular regulation, and therapeutic relevance. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1559-1577. [PMID: 30805658 PMCID: PMC11105679 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are members of the non-coding transcriptome; however, some of them are translated into proteins. These transcripts have important roles in both physiological and pathological mechanisms due to their ability to directly influence cellular signaling pathways. Specifically, circRNAs are regulators of transcription, translation, protein interaction, and signal transduction. An increased knowledge within their area is observed over the last few years, concomitant with the development of next-generation sequencing techniques. circRNAs are mostly tissue and disease specific with the ability of specifically changing the biological behavior of cells. The altered expression profile is currently investigated as novel minimally invasive diagnosis/prognosis tool and also therapeutic target in human disease. The diagnosis approach is based on their level modification within pathological states, especially cancer, where circRNAs' therapies are intensively explored in anti-aging strategies, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and malignant pathologies, and are relying on the restoration of homeostatic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Andreea-Alina Zimta
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Gulei
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Olariu
- Nordlogic Software, 10-12, Rene Descartes Street, 400486, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta" The Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Yang Y, Chen D, Liu H, Yang K. Increased expression of lncRNA CASC9 promotes tumor progression by suppressing autophagy-mediated cell apoptosis via the AKT/mTOR pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:41. [PMID: 30674868 PMCID: PMC6381212 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1280-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies showed that lncRNA CASC9 was upregulated and acted as an oncogene in a variety of tumors. However, the expression and biological functions of CASC9 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unknown. In this study, we found for the first time that CASC9 was remarkably upregulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines compared with paired noncancerous tissues and normal oral epithelial cells. Highly expressed CASC9 is strongly associated with tumor size, clinical stage, regional lymph node metastasis and overall survival time in OSCC patients. In vitro, CASC9 knockdown in OSCC cells SCC15 and CAL27 significantly promotes autophagy and apoptosis, while inhibiting proliferation. Moreover, the expression levels of p-AKT, p-mTOR, P62 and BCL-2 were significantly decreased, while the expression levels of BAX and the LC3BII/LC3BI ratio were increased in CASC9-knockdown SCC15 and CAL27 cells. After the addition of the AKT activator SC79 in CASC9-knockdown SCC15 and CAL27 cells, we found that the increased autophagy and apoptosis were remarkably rescued. Furthermore, the increased apoptosis was remarkably rescued in CASC9-knockdown OSCC cells treated with the autophagy inhibitor Autophinib. In addition, CASC9 depletion suppressed tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that lncRNA CASC9 promotes OSCC progression through enhancing cell proliferation and suppressing autophagy-mediated cell apoptosis via the AKT/mTOR pathway. CASC9 could potentially be used as a valuable biomarker for OSCC diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Zhang T, Liang L, Liu X, Wu J, Su K, Chen J, Zheng Q. LncRNA UCA1/miR‐124 axis modulates TGFβ1‐induced epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and invasion of tongue cancer cells through JAG1/Notch signaling. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:10495-10504. [PMID: 30635938 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tong‐han Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen University Zhongshan China
| | - Li‐zhong Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai China
| | - Xiao‐ling Liu
- Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen University Zhongshan China
| | - Ji‐nan Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen University Zhongshan China
| | - Kui Su
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen University Zhongshan China
| | - Jue‐yao Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen University Zhongshan China
| | - Qiao‐yi Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen University Zhongshan China
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Braicu C, Gulei D, Cojocneanu R, Raduly L, Jurj A, Knutsen E, Calin GA, Berindan‐Neagoe I. miR-181a/b therapy in lung cancer: reality or myth? Mol Oncol 2019; 13:9-25. [PMID: 30548184 PMCID: PMC6322195 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite substantial progress in oncology, lung cancer remains the number one malignancy in terms of both incidence and mortality rates, and there thus remains an urgent need for new therapeutic alternatives. MicroRNA (miRNA) have an important role in cancer initiation and progression due to their capacity to interfere with transcriptional signaling and regulate key cellular processes. miR-181a and miR-181b (miR-181a/b), which are located on chromosomes 1 and 9, are pathologically expressed in the tumor tissue and plasma of patients diagnosed with lung cancer. The miR-181a/b regulatory mechanisms are sophisticated and are directly related to different target genes. In recent years, an ever-increasing number of studies have focused on the biological relevance of miR-181a/b in key cellular processes. In this paper, we aim to discuss the challenging experimental data related to miR-181a/b and their potential use for the development of new therapeutic approaches in lung cancer. We will further present the ongoing issues regarding the regulation of their multiple target genes, and their potential use as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in this deadly malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Diana Gulei
- MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Lajos Raduly
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Ancuta Jurj
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Erik Knutsen
- Department of Experimental TherapeuticsThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - George Adrian Calin
- Department of Experimental TherapeuticsThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
- Center for RNA Inference and Non‐Coding RNAThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Ioana Berindan‐Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
- MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental PathologyThe Oncology Institute ‘Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta’Cluj‐NapocaRomania
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Irimie AI, Braicu C, Cojocneanu R, Magdo L, Onaciu A, Ciocan C, Mehterov N, Dudea D, Buduru S, Berindan-Neagoe I. Differential Effect of Smoking on Gene Expression in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15071558. [PMID: 30041465 PMCID: PMC6069101 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is a well-known behavior that has an important negative impact on human health, and is considered to be a significant factor related to the development and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Use of high-dimensional datasets to discern novel HNSCC driver genes related to smoking represents an important challenge. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) analysis was performed in three co-existing groups of HNSCC in order to assess whether gene expression landscape is affected by tobacco smoking, having quit, or non-smoking status. We identified a set of differentially expressed genes that discriminate between smokers and non-smokers or based on human papilloma virus (HPV)16 status, or the co-occurrence of these two exposome components in HNSCC. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways classification shows that most of the genes are specific to cellular metabolism, emphasizing metabolic detoxification pathways, metabolism of chemical carcinogenesis, or drug metabolism. In the case of HPV16-positive patients it has been demonstrated that the altered genes are related to cellular adhesion and inflammation. The correlation between smoking and the survival rate was not statistically significant. This emphasizes the importance of the complex environmental exposure and genetic factors in order to establish prevention assays and personalized care system for HNSCC, with the potential for being extended to other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Iulia Irimie
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Division Dental Propaedeutics, Aesthetic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Lorand Magdo
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Anca Onaciu
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Cristina Ciocan
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Plovdiv, 15-А Vassil Aprilov Blvd., Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria.
- Technological Center for Emergency Medicine, 15-А Vassil Aprilov Blvd., Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria.
| | - Diana Dudea
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Division Dental Propaedeutics, Aesthetic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Smaranda Buduru
- Prosthetics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 32 Clinicilor Street, Cluj-Napoca 400006, Romania.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Plovdiv, 15-А Vassil Aprilov Blvd., Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria.
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute Ion Chiricuta, Republicii 34th Street, Cluj-Napoca 400015, Romania.
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Buduru S, Zimta AA, Ciocan C, Braicu C, Dudea D, Irimie AI, Berindan-Neagoe I. RNA interference: new mechanistic and biochemical insights with application in oral cancer therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:3397-3409. [PMID: 29922059 PMCID: PMC5997132 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s167383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, the incidence of oral cancer has gradually increased, due to the negative influence of environmental factors and also abnormalities within the genome. The main issues in oral cancer treatment consist in surpassing resistance and recurrence. However, continuous discovery of altered signaling pathways in these tumors provides valuable information for the identification of novel gene candidates targeted in personalized therapy. RNA interference (RNAi) is a natural mechanism that involves small interfering RNA (siRNA); this can be exploited in biomedical research by using natural or synthetic constructs for activation of the mechanism. Synthetic siRNA transcripts were developed as a versatile class of molecular tools that have a diverse range of programmable roles, being involved in the regulation of several biological processes, thereby providing the perspective of an alternative option to classical treatment. In this review, we summarize the latest information related to the application of siRNA in oral malignancy together with molecular aspects of the technology and also the perspective upon the delivery system. Also, the emergence of newer technologies such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 or transcription activator-like effector nucleases in comparison with the RNAi approach is discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smaranda Buduru
- Department of Prosthetics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina-Andreea Zimta
- MEDFUTURE – Research Center for Advanced Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Ciocan
- MEDFUTURE – Research Center for Advanced Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Dudea
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Division Dental Propaedeutic, Aesthetic, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Iulia Irimie
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Division Dental Propaedeutic, Aesthetic, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MEDFUTURE – Research Center for Advanced Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute “Prof Dr Ion Chiricuta”, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Sandoval-Basilio J, González-González R, Bologna-Molina R, Isiordia-Espinoza M, Leija-Montoya G, Alcaraz-Estrada SL, Serafín-Higuera I, González-Ramírez J, Serafín-Higuera N. Epigenetic mechanisms in odontogenic tumors: A literature review. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 87:211-217. [PMID: 29310033 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, regulate important biological processes as gene expression and it was suggested that these phenomena play important roles in the carcinogenesis and tumor biology. The aim of this review is to provide the current state of knowledge about epigenetic alterations, focusing mainly on DNA methylation, reported in odontogenic tumors. DESIGN Literatures were searched based in the combination of the following keywords: odontogenic tumors, epigenetics, DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNA, microRNA, DNA methyltransferases. Electronic databases (Medline/PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) were screened. RESULTS The analysis of epigenetic alterations in different tumors has rapidly increased; however, limited information is available about epigenetic mechanisms involved in the formation of odontogenic tumors. DNA methylation is the most studied epigenetic modification in these tumors and the participation of non-coding RNA's in odontogenic tumors has been recently addressed. Differential expression of DNA methyltransferases, altered DNA methylation patterns and aberrant expression of non-coding RNA's were reported in odontogenic tumors. CONCLUSIONS Current studies suggest epigenetics as an emerging mechanism, possibly implicated in etiopathogenesis of odontogenic tumors. Deeper understanding of the epigenetic abnormalities in these tumors could show potential applications as biomarkers or therapeutic possibilities in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ronell Bologna-Molina
- Departamento de Investigación, Facultad Odontología, Universidad de la República. (UDELAR), Montevideo, Uruguay
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Irimie AI, Zimta AA, Ciocan C, Mehterov N, Dudea D, Braicu C, Berindan-Neagoe I. The Unforeseen Non-Coding RNAs in Head and Neck Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9030134. [PMID: 29494516 PMCID: PMC5867855 DOI: 10.3390/genes9030134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously ignored non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have become the subject of many studies. However, there is an imbalance in the amount of consideration that ncRNAs are receiving. Some transcripts such as microRNAs (miRNAs) or small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have gained much attention, but it is necessary to investigate other “pieces of the RNA puzzle”. These can offer a more complete view over normal and pathological cell behavior. The other ncRNA species are less studied, either due to their recent discovery, such as stable intronic sequence RNA (sisRNA), YRNA, miRNA-offset RNAs (moRNA), telomerase RNA component (TERC), natural antisense transcript (NAT), transcribed ultraconserved regions (T-UCR), and pseudogene transcript, or because they are still largely seen as non-coding transcripts with no relevance to pathogenesis. Moreover, some are still considered housekeeping RNAs, for instance small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and TERC. Our review summarizes the biogenesis, mechanism of action and potential role of less known ncRNAs in head and neck cancer, with a particular focus on the installment and progress for this particular cancer type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Iulia Irimie
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Division Dental Propaedeutic, Aesthetic, "IuliuHatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Alina-Andreea Zimta
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu-Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cristina Ciocan
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu-Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University Plovdiv, BulVasilAprilov 15-А, Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria.
- Technological Center for Emergency Medicine, BulVasilAprilov 15-А, Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria.
| | - Diana Dudea
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Division Dental Propaedeutic, Aesthetic, "IuliuHatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, "IuliuHatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu-Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, "IuliuHatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Republicii 34 Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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