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Benedetto N, Mangieri C, De Biasio F, Carvalho RF, Milella L, Russo D. Malus pumila Mill. cv Annurca apple extract might be therapeutically useful against oxidative stress and patterned hair loss. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:955-967. [PMID: 38711215 PMCID: PMC11148120 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Patterned hair loss (PHL) or androgenetic alopecia is a condition affecting about 50% of people worldwide. Several pharmacological medications have been developed over the years, but few studies have investigated their effectiveness. Therefore, new, safer and more effective strategies are required. Recent investigations showed that Annurca apple extract application could induce keratin production and promote hair growth thanks to the high amount of procyanidin B2 contained in. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the role of an Annurca apple extract in preventing PHL by testing it on human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) for the first time. Treatment of HFDPCs with Annurca apple extract counteracted intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase. Furthermore, treatment with Annurca apple extract increased β-catenin and fibroblast growth factor 2, which are involved in hair growth stimulation. These data suggest that Annurca apple extract may be a potential therapeutically useful nutraceutical product for preventing or treating hair loss by reducing oxidative stress and inducing the expression of hair growth-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luigi Milella
- Department of ScienceUniversity of BasilicataPotenzaItaly
| | - Daniela Russo
- Department of ScienceUniversity of BasilicataPotenzaItaly
- Spinoff Bioactiplant S.r.l.PotenzaItaly
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Bouabidi M, Salamone FL, Gadhi C, Bouamama H, Speciale A, Ginestra G, Pulvirenti L, Siracusa L, Nostro A, Cristani M. Efficacy of Two Moroccan Cistus Species Extracts against Acne Vulgaris: Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062797. [PMID: 36985768 PMCID: PMC10054591 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genus Cistus L. (Cistaceae) includes several medicinal plants growing wild in the Moroccan area. Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic skin disorder treated with topical and systemic therapies that often lead to several side effects in addition to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Our study aimed to investigate the bioactivity of extracts of two Moroccan Cistus species, Cistus laurifolius L. and Cistus salviifolius L., in view of their use as potential coadjuvants in the treatment of mild acne vulgaris. METHODS Targeted phytochemical profiles obtained by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI/MS analyses and biological activities ascertained by several antioxidants in vitro chemical and cell-based assays of the leaf extracts. Moreover, antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and Candida albicans was evaluated. RESULTS Analyses revealed the presence of several polyphenols in the studied extracts, mainly flavonoids and tannins. Cistus laurifolius L. and Cistus salviifolius L. possessed good biological properties and all extracts showed antibacterial activity, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, and Propionibacterium acnes, identified as the main acne-causing bacteria. CONCLUSION The results suggest that examined extracts are promising agents worthy of further studies to develop coadjuvants/natural remedies for mild acne treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryem Bouabidi
- Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Health Research (LRDDS), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, 549 Bd Abdelkrim Al Khattabi, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Federica Lina Salamone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Chemseddoha Gadhi
- Laboratory of Agri-Food, Biotechnology and Valorization of Plant Bioresources, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd. Prince My Abdellah, B.P. 2390, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Hafida Bouamama
- Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Health Research (LRDDS), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, 549 Bd Abdelkrim Al Khattabi, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Ginestra
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Luana Pulvirenti
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonia Nostro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Lela L, Ponticelli M, Caddeo C, Vassallo A, Ostuni A, Sinisgalli C, Faraone I, Santoro V, De Tommasi N, Milella L. Nanotechnological exploitation of the antioxidant potential of Humulus lupulus L. extract. Food Chem 2022; 393:133401. [PMID: 35689927 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the potential antioxidant applications of Humulus lupulus L. as raw extract and nanoformulated in liposomes. H. lupulus is commonly used as a food ingredient, but it is also a promising source of specialized metabolites with health-promoting effects. In the extract obtained by hydroalcoholic maceration, 24 compounds were characterized using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. The extract exhibited an interesting antioxidant activity in in vitro spectrophotometric and cell assays. The extract was nanoformulated into liposomes to exploit and improve its beneficial proprieties. The in vitro assays revealed that, after incorporation into liposomes, the extract's antioxidant activity was preserved and even improved. Moreover, a lower dose of the extract was required to prevent reactive oxygen species overproduction when included in the nanoformulation. These results confirm the advantages of nanoformulating herbal extract to maximize its health-promoting effects for a potential pharmaceutical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Lela
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Maria Ponticelli
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Carla Caddeo
- Dept. of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Antonio Vassallo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; Spinoff TNcKILLERS s.r.l., Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Angela Ostuni
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; Spinoff BioActiPlant s.r.l., Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Chiara Sinisgalli
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; Spinoff BioActiPlant s.r.l., Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Immacolata Faraone
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; Spinoff BioActiPlant s.r.l., Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Valentina Santoro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy.
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy.
| | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
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Antifungal Activities of Phytochemically Characterized Hydroethanolic Extracts of Sclerocarya birrea Leaves and Stem Bark against Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans Strains. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4261741. [PMID: 35711520 PMCID: PMC9197620 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4261741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The study evaluated the antifungal activities of the 70% ethanol extracts of Sclerocarya birrea leaves (SBL) and stem bark (SBB) against C. albicans strains and fluconazole-resistant isolates, their antifungal effects in combination with conventional antifungals as well as their effects on the biofilms of the C. albicans strains and isolates. UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis was then carried out to investigate the metabolite profile of the extracts and UPLC fingerprints developed for their routine identification as part of quality control measures. The extracts exhibited considerable antifungal activity with MIC ranging from 12.21 to 97.66 μg/mL and MFC from 12.21 to 390.63 μg/mL against the C. albicans strains and isolates. The antifungal activity of the stem bark extract was higher than the leaf extract. SBL and SBB also significantly inhibited biofilm formation (IC50 = 12.49 to 164.42 μg/mL) and the mature biofilms (IC50 = 91.50 to 685.20 μg/mL) of the strains and isolates of the C. albicans and demonstrated potential for their use in combination therapies with currently used antifungals especially the stem bark extract with nystatin. Metabolite profiling identified the presence of polyphenolic compounds in both leaves and stem bark mostly flavonoids, their derivatives, and proanthocyanidins, which contribute in part to the bioactivity of the plant. Whereas flavonoids like quercetin, myricetin, and their derivatives were abundant in the leaves, epicatechin monomers with their condensed tannins, including procyanidin B2 and procyanidin C, were abundant in the stem bark. Fingerprints of SBL and SBB were developed and validated and could be used as qualitative tools to authenticate the plant. The outcomes of the study show the promise of the leaf and stem bark extracts of S. birrea to be studied further and developed as antifungal agents.
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Reddy R, Baijnath S, Moodley R, Moodley J, Naicker T, Govender N. South African medicinal plants displaying angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition: Potential use in the management of preeclampsia. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2022; 13:100562. [PMID: 35675745 PMCID: PMC9178479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In resource-limited settings, such as South Africa, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy such as preeclampsia, is the most common direct cause of maternal deaths. Current management strategies of preeclampsia primarily involve the use of pharmaceutical drugs, which are frequently associated with undesirable side-effects. Moreover, these drugs are often not easily accessible due to financial and economic constraints. Consequently, many patients rely on traditional medicine obtained from medicinal plants to manage health-related conditions. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are widely used drugs for the management of preeclampsia. This narrative review aims to highlight the use of indigenous medicinal plants from South Africa with Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity whilst also evaluating their potential use in the treatment of hypertension in pregnancy. This information will influence traditional healers and sangomas in their patient management. Furthermore, the antihypertensive potential of these plants will be unraveled thus facilitating the development of new naturally occurring pharmaceutical products to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Reddy
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sooraj Baijnath
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Roshila Moodley
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Jagidesa Moodley
- Women's Health and HIV Research Group, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thajasvarie Naicker
- Discipline of Optics and Imaging, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4001, South Africa
| | - Nalini Govender
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.
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Michalak I, Püsküllüoğlub M. Look into my onco-forest - review of plant natural products with anticancer activity. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:922-938. [PMID: 35240958 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220303112218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a multistage process that can be treated by numerous modalities including systemic treatment. About half of the molecules that have been approved in the last few decades count for plant derivatives. This review presents the application of tree/shrub-derived biologically active compounds as anticancer agents. Different parts of trees/shrubs - wood, bark, branches, roots, leaves, needles, fruits, flowers etc. - contain a wide variety of primary and secondary metabolites, which demonstrate anticancer properties. Special attention was paid to phenolics (phenolic acids and polyphenols, including flavonoids and non-flavonoids (tannins, lignans, stilbenes)), essential oils and their main constituents such as terpenes/terpenoids, phytosterols, alkaloids and many others. Anticancer properties of these compounds are mainly attributed to their strong antioxidant properties. In vitro experiments on various cancer cell lines revealed a cytotoxic effect of tree-derived extracts. Mechanisms of anticancer action of the extracts are also listed. Examples of drugs that successfully underwent clinical trials with well-established position in the guidelines created by oncological societies are provided. The review also focuses on directions for the future in the development of anticancer agents derived from trees/shrubs. Applying biologically active compounds derived from trees and shrubs as anticancer agents continuously seems a promising strategy in cancer systemic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Michalak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mirosława Püsküllüoğlub
- Labcorp (Polska) Sp. z o.o., Warsaw, Poland; c Department of Clinical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, Kraków, Poland
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Attri S, Kaur P, Singh D, Kaur H, Rashid F, Kumar A, Singh B, Bedi N, Arora S. Induction of apoptosis in A431 cells via ROS generation and p53-mediated pathway by chloroform fraction of Argemone mexicana (Pepaveraceae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:17189-17208. [PMID: 34664164 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16696-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Argemone mexicana(Pepaveraceae) is an important medicinal plant commonly known as 'maxican prickly poppy' and is traditionally used to treat skin diseases. In the present study, the extract/fractions of aerial parts of A. mexicana after carrying out the organoleptic characteristics were sequentially extracted with the solvents of increasing polarities. Total fractions were examined for their radical scavenging activities in DPPH and DNA nicking assays. Among all, maximum antioxidant activity was shown by chloroform fraction (AmC) in DPPH assay with IC50 of 26.12 μg/ml, and DNA nicking assay showed 80.91% protective potential. The AmC fraction was analyzed for its antibacterial, cytotoxic potential, cell cycle analysis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using A431 cell line. The AmC fraction exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against bacterial strains in the order Klebsiella pneumoniae> Bacillussubtilis> Salmonella typhi> Staphylococcus epidermidis. The cytotoxic potential of the AmC fraction was analyzed in skin epidermoid carcinoma (A431) cells, osteosarcoma (MG-63) and cervical (HeLa) cell lines with a GI50 value of 47.04 μg/ml, 91.46 μg/ml and 102.90 μg/ml, respectively. The AmC fraction was extended further to explore its role in cell death using A431 cell line. Phase contrast and scanning electron microscopic studies on A431 cells exhibited all the characteristics indicative of apoptosis, viz., viability loss, cell shrinkage, cell rounding-off, DNA fragmentation and formation of apoptotic bodies. Flow cytometric analysis revealed enhanced ROS level, decreased MMP and arrest cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase further strengthened cell death by apoptosis. Increased expressions of apoptotic markers (p53, PUMA, cyt c, Fas and Apaf-1) were confirmed by RT-qPCR analysis. Furthermore, the AmC fraction was subjected to ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, which revealed the presence of different polyphenols in the order: caffeic acid> epicatechin> kaempferol> chlorogenic acid> gallic acid> catechin> ellagic acid >umbeliferone> quercetin> coumaric acid. A critical analysis of results revealed that the AmC fraction induced cell death in epidermoid carcinoma cells via ROS and p53-mediated apoptotic pathway which may be ascribed to the presence of polyphenols in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Attri
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Davinder Singh
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Harneetpal Kaur
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Farhana Rashid
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, 143005, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Neena Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, 143005, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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Jinga P, Liao Z, Nobis MP. Species distribution modeling that overlooks intraspecific variation is inadequate for proper conservation of marula (Sclerocarya birrea, Anacardiaceae). Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Advances and challenges in cancer treatment and nutraceutical prevention: the possible role of dietary phenols in BRCA regulation. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11101-021-09771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractOver the years, the attention towards the role of phytochemicals in dietary natural products in reducing the risk of developing cancer is rising. Cancer is the second primary cause of mortality worldwide. The current therapeutic options for cancer treatment are surgical excision, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Unfortunately, in case of metastases or chemoresistance, the treatment options become very limited. Despite the advances in medical and pharmaceutical sciences, the impact of available treatments on survival is not satisfactory. Recently, natural products are a great deal of interest as potential anti-cancer agents. Among them, phenolic compounds have gained a great deal of interest, thanks to their anti-cancer activity. The present review focuses on the suppression of cancer by targeting BRCA gene expression using dietary polyphenols, as well as the clinical aspects of polyphenolic agents in cancer therapy. They regulate specific key processes involved in cancer progression and modulate the expression of oncogenic proteins, like p27, p21, and p53, which may lead to apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell proliferation, and, consequently, cancer suppression. Thus, one of the mechanisms underlying the anti-cancer activity of phenolics involves the regulation of tumor suppressor genes. Among them, the BRCA genes, with the two forms (BRCA-1 and BRCA-2), play a pivotal role in cancer protection and prevention. BRCA germline mutations are associated with an increased risk of developing several types of cancers, including ovarian, breast, and prostate cancers. BRCA genes also play a key role in the sensitivity and response of cancer cells to specific pharmacological treatments. As the importance of BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 in reducing cancer invasiveness, repairing DNA damages, oncosoppression, and cell cycle checkpoint, their regulation by natural molecules has been examined.
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Chelly S, Chelly M, Occhiuto C, Cimino F, Cristani M, Saija A, Molonia MS, Ruberto G, D'Angelo V, Germanò MP, Siracusa L, Bouaziz-Ketata H, Speciale A. Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antityrosinase Potential of Extracts from Different Aerial Parts of Rhanterium suaveolens from Tunisia. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100316. [PMID: 34114723 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The genus Rhanterium (Asteraceae) is a widely distributed medicinal plant throughout western North Africa and some Rhanterium species are used in folk medicine. The aim of research was to investigate methanolic extracts from different parts (flowers, leaves, and stems) of Tunisian Rhanterium suaveolens as potential sources of bioactive products useful for healthy purposes. In particular, were analyzed the phenolic composition of these extracts and their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tyrosinase properties. The phytochemical analyses were performed using standard colorimetric procedures, HPLC-DAD and HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. Then, several in vitro cell-free assays have been used to estimate the antioxidant/free radical scavenging capability of the extracts. Moreover, in vitro, and in vivo anti-melanogenesis activities of these extracts were tested, respectively, with the tyrosinase inhibition assay and the Zebrafish embryo model. Finally, the anti-inflammatory potential of these extracts in an in vitro model of acute intestinal inflammation in differentiated Caco-2 cells was evaluated. The R. suaveolens extracts under study appeared particularly rich in flavonols and hydroxycinnamic acids and all extracts appeared endowed with good antioxidant/free radical scavenging properties, being the flower extracts slightly more active than the others. Moreover, R. suaveolens flowers extract was able to inhibit in vitro tyrosinase activity and exhibited bleaching effects on the pigmentation of zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, all extracts showed good anti-inflammatory activity in intestinal epithelial cells as demonstrated by the inhibition of TNF-α-induced gene expression of IL-6 and IL-8. R. suaveolens aerial parts may be considered as a potential source of whitening agents, as well as of agents for the treatment of disorders related to oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrine Chelly
- Toxicology-, Microbiology- and Environmental Health Laboratory (RL 17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Meryam Chelly
- Toxicology-, Microbiology- and Environmental Health Laboratory (RL 17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Cristina Occhiuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonina Saija
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia Molonia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria D'Angelo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Germanò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Hanen Bouaziz-Ketata
- Toxicology-, Microbiology- and Environmental Health Laboratory (RL 17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
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11
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Chelly M, Chelly S, Occhiuto C, Cimino F, Cristani M, Saija A, Muscarà C, Ruberto G, Speciale A, Bouaziz-Ketata H, Siracusa L. Comparison of Phytochemical Profile and Bioproperties of Methanolic Extracts from Different Parts of Tunisian Rumex roseus. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100185. [PMID: 33860977 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The genus Rumex (Polygonaceae) is distributed worldwide and the different species belonging to it are used in traditional medicine. The present study aimed at the evaluation of the phytochemical profile and the biochemical properties of methanolic extracts from different parts (roots, stems, and leaves) of Rumex roseus, a wild local Tunisian plant traditionally used as food. The phytochemical analysis on the extracts was performed using standard colorimetric procedures, HPLC-DAD, and HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS; then, several in vitro cell-free assays have been used to estimate their antioxidant/free radical scavenging capability (TAC-PM, DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, ORAC, SOD-like activity, and HOCl-induced albumin degradation). Additionally, anti-inflammatory effect of these extracts was evaluated in an in vitro model of acute intestinal inflammation in differentiated Caco-2 cells. The results showed that the methanolic extracts from stems and, especially, leaves contain substantial amounts of flavones (apigenin and luteolin, together with their derivatives), while the extract from roots is characterized by the presence of tannins and quinic acid derivatives. All the extracts appeared endowed with excellent antioxidant/free radical scavenging properties. In particular, the extract from roots was characterized by a remarkable activity, probably due to its different and peculiar polyphenolic composition. Furthermore, both Rumex roseus roots and stems extracts demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect in intestinal epithelial cells, reducing TNF-α-induced gene expression of IL-6 and IL-8. In conclusion, R. roseus methanolic extracts have shown to be potential sources of bioactive compounds to be used in the prevention and treatment of pathologies related to oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryam Chelly
- Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health Laboratory (RL 17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Chelly
- Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health Laboratory (RL 17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Cristina Occhiuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di, 98168, Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di, 98168, Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di, 98168, Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Antonina Saija
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di, 98168, Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Claudia Muscarà
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di, 98168, Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di, 98168, Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Hanen Bouaziz-Ketata
- Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health Laboratory (RL 17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
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12
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Vassallo A, Armentano MF, Miglionico R, Caddeo C, Chirollo C, Gualtieri MJ, Ostuni A, Bisaccia F, Faraone I, Milella L. Hura crepitans L. Extract: Phytochemical Characterization, Antioxidant Activity, and Nanoformulation. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12060553. [PMID: 32549193 PMCID: PMC7356585 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to improve the knowledge on Hura crepitans L., a plant belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family that, on the one hand, is known to be toxic, but on the other, is a source of polyphenols with health-promoting effects. Different green extraction methods were applied, varying solvent, temperature, and duration of extraction, which can influence the phytochemical profile and biological activity of plant extracts, and the extracts were fully characterized. Aqueous extracts exhibited a superior antioxidant activity, as indicated by different spectrophotometric tests, and were cytoprotective to HepG2 cells used as model cells. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses were performed to identify the secondary metabolites involved in these effects and demonstrated that solvent, duration, and temperature indeed influenced the extraction of polyphenols. Furthermore, the most promising extract, in terms of antioxidant potential, was incorporated into liposomes with the aim of promoting cell interaction and enhancing the antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Vassallo
- Department of Scienze, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.V.); (M.F.A.); (R.M.); (A.O.); (F.B.); (I.F.); (L.M.)
| | - Maria Francesca Armentano
- Department of Scienze, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.V.); (M.F.A.); (R.M.); (A.O.); (F.B.); (I.F.); (L.M.)
- Spinoff BioActiPlant s.r.l., Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Rocchina Miglionico
- Department of Scienze, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.V.); (M.F.A.); (R.M.); (A.O.); (F.B.); (I.F.); (L.M.)
| | - Carla Caddeo
- Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-070-675-8582
| | - Claudia Chirollo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Maria Josefina Gualtieri
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Organic Medicaments, University of Los Andes, 5101 Mérida, Venezuela;
| | - Angela Ostuni
- Department of Scienze, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.V.); (M.F.A.); (R.M.); (A.O.); (F.B.); (I.F.); (L.M.)
- Spinoff BioActiPlant s.r.l., Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Faustino Bisaccia
- Department of Scienze, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.V.); (M.F.A.); (R.M.); (A.O.); (F.B.); (I.F.); (L.M.)
- Spinoff BioActiPlant s.r.l., Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Immacolata Faraone
- Department of Scienze, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.V.); (M.F.A.); (R.M.); (A.O.); (F.B.); (I.F.); (L.M.)
- Spinoff BioActiPlant s.r.l., Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Scienze, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.V.); (M.F.A.); (R.M.); (A.O.); (F.B.); (I.F.); (L.M.)
- Spinoff BioActiPlant s.r.l., Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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13
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Perna A, Simonetti A, Acquaviva V, Rossano R, Grassi G, Gambacorta E. Hydrolytic degree and antioxidant activity of purified casein characterised by different haplotypes (α
s1
‐, β‐ and k‐casein) after enzymatic hydrolysis with pepsin and enzymatic extract from
Pleurotus eryngii. Int J Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Perna
- School of Agricultural Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences University of Basilicata Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10 Potenza 85100 Italy
| | - Amalia Simonetti
- School of Agricultural Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences University of Basilicata Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10 Potenza 85100 Italy
| | - Vita Acquaviva
- School of Agricultural Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences University of Basilicata Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10 Potenza 85100 Italy
| | - Rocco Rossano
- Department of Sciences University of Basilicata Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10 Potenza 85100 Italy
| | - Giulia Grassi
- School of Agricultural Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences University of Basilicata Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10 Potenza 85100 Italy
| | - Emilio Gambacorta
- School of Agricultural Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences University of Basilicata Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10 Potenza 85100 Italy
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14
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Li H, Wang Z, Liang M, Cai L, Yang L. Methionine Augments Antioxidant Activity of Rice Protein during Gastrointestinal Digestion. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040868. [PMID: 30781587 PMCID: PMC6412667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the influence of methionine, which is an essential sulfur-containing amino acid, on the antioxidant activity of rice protein (RP), methionine was added to RP (RM). The addition of methionine to RM0.5, RM1.0, RM1.5, RM2.0, and RM2.5 was 0.5-, 1.0-, 1.5-, 2.0-, and 2.5-fold of methionine of RP, respectively. Using the in vitro digestive system, the antioxidant capacities of scavenging free radicals (superoxide; nitric oxide; 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, ABTS), chelating metal (iron), and reducing power were investigated in the hydrolysates of RP and RMs. Upon pepsin-pancreatin digestion, the weakest antioxidant capacity was produced by RP. With the addition of methionine, RMs exhibited more excellent responses to free radical scavenging activities and reducing power than RP, whereas RMs did not produce the marked enhancements in iron chelating activity as compared to RP. The present study demonstrated that RMs differently exerted the free radical scavenging activities that emerged in the protein hydrolysates, in which the strongest scavenging capacities for ABTS, superoxide, and nitric oxide were RM1.5, RM2.0, and RM2.5, respectively. Results suggested that the availability of methionine is a critical factor to augment antioxidant ability of RP in the in vitro gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Zhengxuan Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Mingcai Liang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Liang Cai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
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15
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Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Adansonia digitata L. (Baobab) from Mali, as a Source of Health-Promoting Compounds. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123104. [PMID: 30486448 PMCID: PMC6321735 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adansonia digitata L. (Malvaceae), also known as baobab, is a tree attracting recent interest especially due to the high nutritional value of the fruit pulp. However, few studies are reported on the secondary metabolite content, showing high variability depending on the geographic region. Methods: In this study, the chemical profiles of Malian commercial baobab fruits and leaves, focused on phenolic content, were investigated by HPLC coupled with a photodiode array (PDA)/UV and an electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometer (MS) and gas chromatography (GC)/MS. In addition, the extracts of fruit pulps obtained from three different markets (Fruits 1, 2, and 3) were evaluated for their total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibition. Results: Baobab fruit pulps were found to be rich in procyanidins and flavonol glycosides, with tiliroside as the major constituent. The baobab leaves showed a similar profile respect to the fruits, but with more detected phenolics. All fruit pulp extracts exerted antioxidant activity (highest for Fruit 3) and higher α-glucosidase inhibition than acarbose used as standard. Conclusions: This study confirmed the variability of baobab with different origins and indicated Malian species baobab as a promising source of health-promoting substances.
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16
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Perna A, Simonetti A, Grassi G, Gambacorta E. Effect of a cauliflower (Brassica oleraceae var. Botrytis) leaf powder-enriched diet on performance, carcass and meat characteristics of growing rabbit. Meat Sci 2018; 149:134-140. [PMID: 30522046 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a cauliflower leaf powder (CLP)-enriched diet on the performance, quality and antioxidative potential of rabbit meat. No significant differences were found for live performance parameters between rabbits fed with standard (SD) and CLP diet. Dietary supplementation influenced the meat traits of rabbits: CLP meat showed significantly lower drip loss after 48 h, cooking loss, and a significantly higher lightness (L*) and redness (a*) values, vitamin A and vitamin E content, and oxidative stability, compared to SD meat. Moreover, the CLP supplementation caused a significant decrease in SFA and increase in PUFA percentage of rabbit intramuscular fat. The statistical analysis also showed a significant effect of dietary fortification on phenolic content and antioxidant activity of rabbit meat which resulted higher in meat of CLP group. This study highlighted that dietary fortification with CLP is a valid strategy to produce rabbit meat with better technological and functional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Perna
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Amalia Simonetti
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Giulia Grassi
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Emilio Gambacorta
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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17
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Lamorte D, Faraone I, Laurenzana I, Milella L, Trino S, De Luca L, Del Vecchio L, Armentano MF, Sinisgalli C, Chiummiento L, Russo D, Bisaccia F, Musto P, Caivano A. Future in the Past: Azorella glabra Wedd. as a Source of New Natural Compounds with Antiproliferative and Cytotoxic Activity on Multiple Myeloma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3348. [PMID: 30373165 PMCID: PMC6274758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy and, although the development of novel agents has improved survival of patients, to date, it remains incurable. Thus, newer and more effective therapeutic strategies against this malignancy are necessary. Plant extracts play an important role in anti-tumor drug discovery. For this reason, in the investigation of novel natural anti-MM agents, we evaluated the phytochemical profiles, in vitro antioxidant activity, and effects on MM cells of Azorella glabra (AG) Wedd. Total polyphenols (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), and terpenoids (TTeC) contents were different among samples and the richest fractions in polyphenols demonstrated a higher antioxidant activity in in vitro assays. Some fractions showed a dose and time dependent anti-proliferative activity on MM cells. The chloroform fraction (CHCl₃) showed major effects in terms of reduction of cell viability, induction of apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest on MM cells. The apoptosis induction was also confirmed by the activation of caspase-3. Importantly, the CHCl₃ fraction exhibited a negligible effect on the viability of healthy cells. These results encourage further investigations on AG extracts to identify specific bioactive compounds and to define their potential applications in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Lamorte
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS "Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata" (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy.
| | | | - Ilaria Laurenzana
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS "Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata" (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy.
| | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Stefania Trino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS "Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata" (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy.
| | - Luciana De Luca
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS "Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata" (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy.
| | - Luigi Del Vecchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Chiara Sinisgalli
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Lucia Chiummiento
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Daniela Russo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Faustino Bisaccia
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, IRCCS "Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata" (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy.
| | - Antonella Caivano
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS "Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata" (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy.
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18
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3D microfluidic in vitro model and bioinformatics integration to study the effects of Spatholobi Caulis tannin in cervical cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12285. [PMID: 30115981 PMCID: PMC6095931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29848-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is considered the fourth most common malignant disease in women. Recently, tannin from Spatholobi Caulis (TTS) has been shown to have potent anticancer and antiproliferative characteristics in a few preliminary studies. This experiment used 3D microfluidic, flow cytometry, and gene chip technology to study the efficacy and mechanism of action of TTS, as well as molecular docking technology to study the effect of drugs on related proteins. The cell survival rates of the five groups measured by the 3D microfluidic chip were 94%, 85%, 64%, 55%, and 42%, respectively. With the increase in drug concentration, the cell survival rate gradually decreased. Apoptosis rates detected in the five groups were 2.12%, 15.87%, 33.40%, 41.13%, and 55.10%, respectively. These data suggest that TTS can promote cell apoptosis. The percentages of cells in the G0/G1 phase were 43.39%, 55.07%, 59.57%, 64.56%, and 67.39% in the five groups, respectively. TTS was demonstrated to inhibit the conversion of cells from G0/G1 to S phase and G2/M phase and inhibit gene and protein synthesis to block cell proliferation. TTS can effectively modulate pathogenic proteins. The results confirmed the efficacy of TTS against HeLa cells and that TTS can be used as an adjunct in cervical cancer prevention and treatment.
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19
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Dandelion Root Extract Induces Intracellular Ca 2+ Increases in HEK293 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041112. [PMID: 29642457 PMCID: PMC5979456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber ex F.H.Wigg.) has been used for centuries as an ethnomedical remedy. Nonetheless, the extensive use of different kinds of dandelion extracts and preparations is based on empirical findings. Some of the tissue-specific effects reported for diverse dandelion extracts may result from their action on intracellular signaling cascades. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an ethanolic dandelion root extract (DRE) on Ca2+ signaling in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. The cytotoxicity of increasing doses of crude DRE was determined by the Calcein viability assay. Fura-2 and the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based probe ERD1 were used to measure cytoplasmic and intraluminal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ levels, respectively. Furthermore, a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-based probe was used to monitor phospholipase C (PLC) activation (pleckstrin homology [PH]–PLCδ–GFP). DRE (10–400 µg/mL) exposure, in the presence of external Ca2+, dose-dependently increased intracellular Ca2+ levels. The DRE-induced Ca2+ increase was significantly reduced in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. In addition, DRE caused a significant Ca2+ release from the ER of intact cells and a concomitant translocation of PH–PLCδ–GFP. In conclusion, DRE directly activates both the release of Ca2+ from internal stores and a significant Ca2+ influx at the plasma membrane. The resulting high Ca2+ levels within the cell seem to directly stimulate PLC activity.
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